Kaifi Azmi

He was also a communist who wanted to see India one day become a socialist state. His wife was theatre and film actress Shaukat Kaifi.

• Name — Kaifi Azmi • Birth Name — Athar Husain Rizvi • Born — 14 January 1919 • Birthplace — Mijwan, United Provinces of Agra and Oudh, British India (present-day Uttar Pradesh, India) • Place of death — Mumbai, Maharashtra, India • Occupation — * Poet • lyricist • songwriter • Died — 10 May 2002 • Spouse — * Shaukat Kaifi • Political Party — Communist Party of India • Children — * Shabana Azmi • Baba Azmi • Awards — National Film Award for Best Lyrics (1970) Padma Shri (1974) Sahitya Akademi Award (1975) Sahitya Akademi Fellow (2002) • Website — azmikaifi.com

Azmi was born into a family in the village of Mijwan in Azamgarh district of Uttar Pradesh. He got his title from the city of the same name.

He was from a family of artists. His three brothers were also shayars (poets). Azmi was married to Shaukat Azmi. They have a daughter, Shabana Azmi who is an actress, and a son, Baba Azmi, a cinematographer. Azmi's daughter-in-law Tanvi Azmi is also an actress. During Partition, he was underground in Aurangabad, as he was hounded by the British police for being a "card-carrying communist". His parents and his five brothers took the ship from Bombay to Karachi. By the time he surfaced, their ship had left. He was denied a visa for Pakistan for several years despite the fact that his family lived there, because he was a communist.

• Kar chale hum fida jan-o-tan sathion ab tumhare hawale watan sathio zinda rahne ki mausam bahut hai magar jan dene ki rut roz ati nahi husn aur ishq dono ko ruswa kare wo jawani jo khu me nahati nahi aaj dharti bani hai dulhan sathio Kar Chale hum Fida Jaan-o-Tan Sathio • Kaifi Azmi • I sacrifice now, this life and body, o friends... the nation is in your hands now, o friends... so many seasons are there to live, but... the season to give up one's life doesn't come often,... leaving behind both, the beauty & the love, of what value is that youth, which doesn't bathe in blood... today the earth has become my bride, o friends I sacrifice now, this body and life, o friends... • Illustration — Syed Mahmood Khundmiri introducing Kaifi Azami in Annual Mushaira in Chicago. Like most of the Urdu poets, Azmi began as a ghazal writer, cramming his poetry with the repeated themes of love and romance in a style that was replete with clichés and metaphors. However, his association with the Progressive Writers' Movement and Communist Party made him embark on the path of socially conscious poetry. In his poetry, he highlights the exploitation of the subaltern masses and through them he conveys a message of the creation of a just social order by dismantling the existing one. Yet, his poetry cannot be called plain propaganda. It has its own merits; intensity of emotions, in particular, and the spirit of sympathy and compassion towards the disadvantaged section of society, are the hallmark of his poetry. His poems are also notable for their rich imagery and in this respect, his contribution to Urdu poetry can hardly be overstated. Azmi's first collection of poems, Jhankar was published in 1943. In 1944, he wrote a poem Ab Agli Id Ek Azad Pakistan Main Hogi — one of the works written by leading Progressive Writers of Urdu campaigning for Pakistan — although he later became bitter about the partition. His important works including anthologies of poetry, were Aakhir-e-Shab, Sarmaya, Awaara Sajde, Kaifiyaat, Nai Gulistan, an anthology of articles he wrote for Urdu Blitz, Meri Awaaz Suno, a selection of his film lyrics, and the script of Heer Raanjha in Devanagari. His lyrics titled "Kar chale hum fida" featured in the soundtrack of the 1964 Hindi film Haqeeqat. His best known poems are Aurat, Makaan, Daaera, Sanp, and Bahuroopni.

Azmi was the subject of a documentary film called Diksha (2015), directed by Raman Kumar. In 1997, he recited his own poems for Kaifiyaat, an audio book on his collected works. Kaifi Aur Mein, a play based on his life, his works and the memoir of his wife, Shaukat Azmi – Yadon Ki Rahguzar (Down Memory Lane), was written and performed by Javed Akhtar and Shabana Azmi, and performed in India as well as abroad in 2006. Another play, directed by Rani Balbir, Waqt Ne Kiya Kya Hasin Sitam, based on Kaifi Azmi's life and writings was staged in 2005, and received rave reviews.

Kaifi Azmi is recorded as having received Filmfare Awards, Padma Shri in literature and education and Sahitya Akademi Award in Urdu.

Azmi's work in films includes working as a lyricist, writer, and actor. Azmi wrote his first lyrics for the film Buzdil, directed by Shaheed Latif and music by SD Burman, released in 1951. His early work as a writer was mainly for Nanubhai Vakil's films like Yahudi Ki Beti (1956), Parvin (1957), Miss Punjab Mail (1958) and Id Ka Chand (1964). While directors like Khwaja Ahmad Abbas and Bimal Roy strove to create the "New Cinema", writers like Sahir Ludhianvi, Jan Nisar Akhtar, Majrooh Sultanpuri, and Kaifi changed the tenor and vocabulary of the Hindi film song, creating a fresh new wave in Hindi film lyrics that lasted many years. His greatest feat as a writer was Chetan Anand's Heer Raanjha (1970) wherein the entire dialogue of the film was in verse. It was a tremendous achievement and one of the greatest feats of Hindi film writing. Azmi also won great critical accolades for the script, dialogues and lyrics of M.S. Sathyu's Garam Hawa (1973), based on a story by Ismat Chughtai. Azmi also wrote the dialogues for Shyam Benegal's Manthan (1976) and Sathyu's Kanneshwara Rama (1977). As a lyricist and songwriter, though he wrote for numerous films, he will always be remembered for Guru Dutt's Kaagaz Ke Phool (1959) and Chetan Anand's Haqeeqat (1964), India's greatest war film. Some notables films for which he wrote lyrics include Kohra (1964), Anupama (1966), Uski Kahani (1966), Saat Hindustani (1969), Shola Aur Shabnam, Parwana (1971), Bawarchi (1972), Pakeezah (1972), Hanste Zakhm (1973), Arth (1982) and Razia Sultan (1983). For Naunihal (1967), he wrote the song "Meri Aawaz Suno Pyar ka Raaz Suno" (Hear my voice, hear the secret of love) sung by Mohammad Rafi. The song is picturised over the funeral procession of Prime Minister of India, Jawahar Lal Nehru. Years later, after Azmi's own death his daughter, Shabana Azmi mentioned finding comfort in verses from the song. Azmi wrote the lyrics for Bible Ki Kahaniyan, the first Christian mythological television show broadcast in India. He also played a memorable role of Naseem's grandfather in Naseem (1995). Azmi died on 10 May 2002 at around the age of eighty-three. He was survived by his wife, daughter, and son. His autobiography is included in a collection of his works, Aaj Ke Prashid Shayar: Kaifi Azmi. • Year — Title — Role — Notes • 1995 — Naseem — Naseem's Grandfather — Actor Filmography • Year — Title — Role — Notes • 1951 — Buzdil — Lyricist • 1953 — Bahu Beti — Lyricist • 1955 — Hatimtai Ki Beti — Lyricist • 1956 — Yahudi Ki Beti — Writer • 1957 — Pravin — Writer • 1958 — Sone Ki Chidiya — Lyricist • 1958 — Lala Rukh — Lyricist — Uncredited • 1958 — Miss Punjab Mail — Writer • 1959 — Paper Flowers — Lyricist • 1960 — Apna Haath Jagannath — Lyricist • 1961 — Shama — Lyricist • 1961 — Shola Aur Shabnam — Lyricist • 1961 — Razia Sultana — Lyricist • 1962 — Nakli Nawab — Lyricist • 1962 — Gyara Hazar Ladkian — Writer • 1964 — The Fog — Lyricist • 1964 — Id Ka Chand — Writer • 1964 — Main Suhagan Hoon — Lyricist • 1964 — Haqeeqat — Lyricist • 1965 — Chor Darwaza — Lyricist • 1965 — Alor Pipasa — Lyricist — Bengali • 1966 — Anupama — Lyricist • 1966 — Do Dil — Lyricist • 1966 — Baharen Phir Bhi Aayengi — Lyricist • 1966 — Aakhri Khat — Lyricist • 1967 — Naunihal — Lyricist • 1968 — Anokhi Raat — Lyricist • 1969 — Saat Hindustani — Lyricist — Won 'National Film Award' for Best Lyrics - Song: "Aandhi Aaye Ki Toofan" • 1969 — Satyakam — Lyricist • 1970 — Hamara Adhikar — Lyricist • 1970 — Dagabaaz — Lyricist • 1970 — Heer Raanjha — Lyricist • 1970 — Maharaja — Lyricist • 1970 — Maa Ka Aanchal — Lyricist • 1971 — Parwana — Lyricist • 1971 — Do Boond Pani — Lyricist • 1972 — Rivaaj — Lyricist • 1972 — Pakeezah — Lyricist • 1972 — Bawarchi — Lyricist • 1973 — Naina — Lyricist • 1973 — Alam Ara — Lyricist • 1973 — Hanste Zakhm — Lyricist • 1973 — Hindustan Ki Kasam — Lyricist • 1974 — Faslah — Lyricist • 1974 — Garm Hava — Lyricist, Writer — Won 'National Film' for Best Story (with Ismat Chughtai). 'Filmfare Award' for Best Dialogue, Best Story (with Ismat Chughtai) and Best Screenplay. This movie was India's official submission for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 1974. • 1977 — Dil Aur Patthar — Lyricist • 1977 — Shankar Hussain — Lyricist • 1977 — Dhoop Chhaon — Lyricist • 1979 — Shaitan Mujrim — Lyricist • 1979 — Inspector Eagle — Lyricist • 1982 — Yeh Nazdeekiyan — Lyricist • 1982 — Arth — Lyricist • 1982 — Deedar-E-Yaar — Lyricist • 1982 — Lakshmi — Lyricist • 1982 — Suraag — Lyricist • 1983 — Razia Sultan — Lyricist • 1984 — Hum Rahe Na Hum — Lyricist • 1984 — Bhavna — Lyricist • 1986 — Mere Saath Chal — Lyricist • 1986 — Nasihat — Lyricist • 1986 — Shart — Lyricist • 1989 — Main Azaad Hoon — Lyricist • 1993 — Phir Teri Kahani Yaad Aayee — Lyricist • 1998 — Tamanna — Lyricist • 2003 — Ek Alag Mausam — Lyricist

• 1970: National Film Award for Best Lyrics: Saat Hindustani • 1973: National Film Award for Best Story: Garam Hawa (with Ismat Chughtai)

He was the recipient of Padma Shri, India's fourth-highest civilian award in 1974. Besides he was awarded the Uttar Pradesh Urdu Academy Award and the Sahitya Akademi Award for Urdu for his collection Awaara Sajde, Special Award of Maharashtra Urdu Academy, Soviet Land Nehru Award, Lotus Award from the Afro-Asian Writers' Association, and President's Award for national integration. In 1998, Government of Maharashtra conferred the Jyaneshwara Award on him. He was also honoured with the prestigious Sahitya Akademi Fellowship for lifetime achievement. Kaifi Azmi returned his Padma Shri in the 1980s after the then Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh Vir Bahadur Singh remarked that those speaking Urdu as a second language should be made to sit on a donkey and paraded. According to his daughter Shabana Azmi, her father replied that he had written in Urdu all his life, and if his State's Chief Minister held such views on the language, he, as a writer, must stand up for himself. In 2000, he was conferred the first Millennium Award by the Government of Delhi and the Delhi Urdu Academy. He has also been honoured with a doctorate from Vishva Bharati University, Santiniketan.

• 1975: Sahitya Akademi Award: Awara Sajde • 2002: Sahitya Akademi Fellowship (Immortals of Literature)

• 1975: Filmfare Award for Best Dialogue: Garam Hawa • 1975: Filmfare Award for Best Story: Garam Hawa (with Ismat Chughtai) • 1975: Filmfare Award for Best Screenplay: Garam Hawa