Encyclopedia subject

Astronomers

233 published records, arranged alphabetically. Each entry is published only where a named source supports it.

Abd al-Rahman al-SufiAuthor · BooksʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Ṣūfī (full name: Abū’l-Ḥusayn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿUmar ibn Sahl al-Ṣūfī al-Rāzī —; — 7 December 90325 May 986) was a Persian astronomer.[1]
Abraham ibn EzraAuthor · BooksAbraham ben Meir Ibn Ezra (often abbreviated as ראב״ע; Ibrāhim al-Mājid ibn Ezra; also known as Abenezra or simply ibn Ezra, 1089 / 1092 – 27 January 1164 / 23 January 1167) was one of the…
Abraham PihlArtist · WatchesAbraham Pihl (3 October 1756 – 20 May 1821) was a Norwegian clergyman, astronomer, and architect.
Abū Muhammad al-Hasan al-HamdānīAuthor · BooksAbū Muḥammad al-Ḥasan ibn Aḥmad ibn Yaʿqūb al-Hamdānī (279/280-333/334 A.H; c. 893947) was an Arab Muslim geographer, chemist, poet, grammarian, historian, and astronomer, from the tribe of…
Adam FrankAuthor · BooksAdam Frank (born 1962) is an American physicist, astronomer, and writer. His scientific research has focused on computational astrophysics with an emphasis on star formation and late stages…
Addison BrownAuthor · BooksAddison C. Brown (February 21, 1830 – April 9, 1913) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, a botanist, and a serious…
Ahmad JalayirAuthor · BooksSultan Ahmad (سلطان احمد جلایر) was the ruler of the Jalayirid Sultanate (ruled 1382–1410). He was son to the most accomplished ruler of the sultanate, Shaykh Uways Jalayir.
al-JazariAuthor · BooksBadīʿ az-Zaman Abu l-ʿIzz ibn Ismāʿīl ibn ar-Razāz al-Jazarī (1136–1206) was a polymath, scholar, inventor, mechanical engineer, artisan and artist from the Artuqid Dynasty of Jazira in…
Alessandro PiccolominiAuthor · BooksAlessandro Piccolomini (13 June 1508 – 12 March 1579) was an Italian humanist, astronomer and philosopher from Siena, who promoted the popularization in the vernacular of Latin and Greek…
Alexander F. I. ForbesDesigner · DesignAlexander Forbes Irvine Forbes (13 April 1871 – 15 May 1959) was a South African astronomer, architect and artist, best known for his discovery of periodic comets.
Alexander von HumboldtAuthor · BooksFriedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander von Humboldt (14 September 1769 – 6 May 1859) was a German polymath, geographer, naturalist, explorer, and proponent of Romantic philosophy and science.
Alexandre Guy PingréPerson · Music memorabiliaDom Alexandre Guy Pingré (September 1711 – 1 May 1796) was a French canon regular, astronomer and naval geographer.
Alfonso X of Castile and LeonAuthor · BooksAlfonso X of Castile and Leon was a writer, astronomer, composer, poet, historian and jurist (1221–1284). He was born in Toledo and died in Seville.
AnaxagorasAuthor · BooksAnaxagoras (Anaxagóras; c. 500 BC) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher.
Andrew EllicottAuthor · Maps and atlasesAndrew Ellicott (January 24, 1754 – August 28, 1820) was an American land surveyor who helped map many of the territories west of the Appalachians, surveyed the boundaries of the District…
Andronicus of CyrrhusDesigner · DesignAndronicus of Cyrrhus or Andronicus Cyrrhestes (Latin; Ancient Greek: Ἀνδρόνικος Κυρρήστης, Andrónikos Kyrrhēstēs; fl. C.
Antoine LavoisierAuthor · BooksAntoine-Laurent de Lavoisier (26 August 17438 May 1794), also Antoine Lavoisier after the French Revolution, was a French nobleman and chemist who was central to the 18th-century chemical…
Antonín RüklIllustrator · IllustrationAntonín Rükl (22 September 1932 – 12 July 2016) was a Czech astronomer, cartographer, and author.
Attila GrandpierrePerson · Music memorabiliaAttila Grandpierre (Grandpierre Attila; born 4 July 1951) is a Hungarian musician, astrophysicist, physicist, self-taught historian, writer and poet.
AvicennaAuthor · BooksIbn Sina (c. 980 – 22 June 1037), commonly known in the West as Avicenna, was a preeminent philosopher and physician of the Muslim world.
Bahāʾ al-dīn al-ʿĀmilīAuthor · BooksBaha al-Din al-Amili (18 February 1547 – 1 September 1621), commonly known as Sheikh Bahāʾī, was a Twelver Shia Muslim scholar and polymath in Safavid Iran, who composed various works in…
Bernard WapowskiAuthor · Maps and atlasesBernard Wapowski (1475-1535) was one of the earliest Polish cartographers and is credited for making the first detailed map of Poland in 1526.
Burchard de VolderAuthor · BooksBurchard de Volder (26 July 1643 – 21 March 1709) was a Dutch physicist.
Cai YongPerson · Music memorabiliaCai Yong (132/133 – c. June 192), courtesy name Bojie, was a Chinese astronomer, calligrapher, historian, mathematician, musician, politician, and writer of the Eastern Han dynasty.
Carl Friedrich von WeizsäckerAuthor · BooksCarl Friedrich Freiherr von Weizsäcker (28 June 1912 – 28 April 2007) was a German physicist and philosopher.
Carl SaganAuthor · BooksCarl Edward Sagan (November 9, 1934 December 20, 1996) was an American astronomer, planetary scientist and science communicator.
Carlos de Sigüenza y GóngoraAuthor · Maps and atlasesCarlos de Sigüenza y Góngora (August 14, 1645 – August 22, 1700), considered one of the first great intellectuals born in the Americas, was the Spanish viceroy of New Spain (Mexico City).
César-François Cassini de ThuryAuthor · Maps and atlasesCésar-François Cassini de Thury (17 June 1714 – 4 September 1784), also called Cassini III or Cassini de Thury, was a French astronomer and cartographer.
Charles Étienne Louis CamusAuthor · BooksCharles Étienne Louis Camus (23 August 1699 – 2 February 1768), was a French mathematician and mechanician who was born in Crécy-en-Brie, near Meaux in the province of Île-de-France.
Charles Marie de La CondamineAuthor · BooksCharles Marie de La Condamine (28 January 1701 – 4 February 1774) was a French explorer, geographer, and mathematician.
Chesley BonestellIllustrator · IllustrationChesley Knight Bonestell Jr. (January 1, 1888 – June 11, 1986) was an American painter, designer, and illustrator, best known for his realistic-looking paintings of space exploration,…
Christian MayerAuthor · Maps and atlasesChristian Mayer (20 August 1719 Mederitz – 16 April 1783 in Mannheim) was a Moravian-German Catholic priest, astronomer and teacher.
Christopher WrenDesigner · DesignSir Christopher Wren (–) was an English architect, astronomer, mathematician and physicist who is one of the most highly acclaimed architects in the history of England.
Chrysanthus NotarasAuthor · Maps and atlasesChrysanthus Notaras (Greek: Χρύσανθος Νοταράς; 1655/1660 – February 7, 1731), also known as Chrysanthus of Jerusalem, was Patriarch of Jerusalem (February 19, 1707 – February 7, 1731) and a…
CleostratusAuthor · BooksCleostratus (b. c. 520 BC; d. possibly 432 BC) was an astronomer of ancient Greece.
Conrad DasypodiusArtist · WatchesConrad Dasypodius (1532 – 26 April 1600) was a Swiss astronomer, mathematician, and writer. He was a professor of mathematics in Strasbourg, Alsace.
David FabriciusAuthor · Maps and atlasesDavid Fabricius (9 March 1564 – 7 May 1617) was a Frisian pastor who made two major discoveries in the early days of telescopic astronomy, jointly with his eldest son, Johannes Fabricius…
David GillPhotographer · PhotographySir David Gill (12 June 1843 – 24 January 1914) was a Scottish astronomer who spent most of his career as H.M. Astronomer at the Cape of Good Hope.
Dayton MillerPerson · Music memorabiliaDayton Clarence Miller (March 13, 1866 – February 22, 1941) was an American physicist, astronomer, acoustician, and accomplished amateur flautist.
DicuilAuthor · BooksDicuilus (Gaelic: Dícuil; fl.814–825 A.D.) was an Irish monk, astronomer, geographer and author born during the second half of the 8th century, possibly in the Hebrides.
Dionysius LardnerAuthor · BooksDionysius Lardner FRS FRSE (3 April 179329 April 1859) was an Irish scientific writer and science and technology populariser who edited the 133-volume The Cabinet Cyclopædia.
Dirck Rembrantsz van NieropAuthor · Maps and atlasesDirck Rembrantsz van Nierop (1610 – 4 November 1682) was a seventeenth-century Dutch cartographer, mathematician, surveyor, astronomer, shoemaker and Mennonite teacher.
Dorotheus of SidonAuthor · BooksDorotheus of Sidon (c. 75 CE -??
Duarte Pacheco PereiraAuthor · BooksDuarte Pacheco Pereira (c. 1460 – 1533), called the Portuguese Achilles (Aquiles Lusitano) by the poet Camões, was a Portuguese sea captain, soldier, explorer and cartographer.
Edmond HalleyAuthor · Maps and atlasesEdmond (or Edmund) Halley (–) was an English astronomer, mathematician and physicist. He was the second Astronomer Royal in Britain, succeeding John Flamsteed in 1720.
Edward Ayearst ReevesAuthor · Maps and atlasesEdward Ayearst Reeves (9 February 1862 – 17 October 1945) was a British geographer, astronomer, and cartographer.
Edward Emerson BarnardPhotographer · PhotographyEdward Emerson Barnard (December 16, 1857 – February 6, 1923) was an American astronomer. He was commonly known as E. E. Barnard, and was recognized as a gifted observational astronomer.
EratosthenesAuthor · BooksEratosthenes of Cyrene (Ἐρατοσθένης eratostʰénɛːs; c. 276 BC – c.
Erhard EtzlaubAuthor · Maps and atlasesIllustration — "Romweg" map, 1500. "South-up" display, as in all of Etzlaub's maps.
Ernst ChladniPerson · Music memorabiliaErnst Florens Friedrich Chladni (30 November 1756 – 3 April 1827) was a German physicist and musician.
Estelle AsmodellePerson · Music memorabiliaEstelle Asmodelle (22 April 1964 – 18 April 2026), formerly known as Estelle Maria Croot, was an Australian polymath and transgender activist.
Eusebio KinoAuthor · Maps and atlasesEusebio Francisco Kino, SJ (Eusebio Francesco Chini, Eusebio Francisco Kino, often referred to as Father Kino, was an Italian Jesuit, missionary, geographer, explorer, cartographer,…
Farkas BolyaiAuthor · BooksFarkas Bolyai (9 February 1775 – 20 November 1856; also known as Wolfgang Bolyai in Germany) was a Hungarian mathematician, mainly known for his work in geometry.
Francesco Faà di BrunoPerson · Music memorabilia
Francesco FontanaEngraver · PrintsFrancesco Fontana (c. 1585, Naples – July 1656, Naples) was an Italian lawyer and an astronomer.
Francis BailyAuthor · BooksFrancis Baily (28 April 177430 August 1844) was an English astronomer. He is most famous for his observations of "Baily's beads" during a total eclipse of the Sun.
Francis BeaufortAuthor · Maps and atlasesFrancis Beaufort (disambiguation)
Francis PenroseDesigner · DesignFrancis Cranmer Penrose FRS (29 October 1817 – 15 February 1903) was a British architect of Cornish parentage, archaeologist, astronomer and sportsman rower.
François AragoAuthor · BooksDominique François Jean Arago (Domènec Francesc Joan Aragó), known simply as François Arago (lang; Francesc Aragó;
Garrett Putnam ServissAuthor · BooksGarrett Putnam Serviss (March 24, 1851 – May 25, 1929) was an American astronomer, popularizer of astronomy, and early science fiction writer.
Gemma FrisiusEngraver · PrintsGemma Frisius (born Jemme Reinerszoon; December 9, 1508 – May 25, 1555) was a Dutch physician, mathematician, cartographer, philosopher, and instrument maker.
Geoffrey A. LandisAuthor · BooksGeoffrey Alan Landis (born May 28, 1955) is an American aerospace engineer and author, working for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) on planetary exploration,…
Georg MarcgraveAuthor · Maps and atlasesGeorg Marcgrave (20 September 1610 – August 1644) was a German naturalist, astronomer, and cartographer.
George GrahamArtist · WatchesGeorge Graham, FRS (7 July 1673, maybe 1675 – 16 November 1751) was an English clockmaker, inventor, and geophysicist, and a Fellow of the Royal Society.
George Henry PetersPhotographer · PhotographyAsteroids discovered: 3
Giambattista BenedettiDesigner · DesignGiambattista (Gianbattista) Benedetti (14 August 1530 – 20 January 1590) was an Italian mathematician from Venice who was also interested in physics, mechanics, the construction of…
Giovanni Battista RiccioliAuthor · Maps and atlasesGiovanni Battista Riccioli (17 April 1598 – 25 June 1671) was an Italian astronomer and a Catholic priest in the Jesuit order.
Giovanni Dondi dell'OrologioArtist · WatchesGiovanni Dondi dall'Orologio (about 1330 – 19 October 1388), also known as Giovanni de' Dondi, was a Venetian physician, astronomer and mechanical engineer in Padua, now in Italy.
Girolamo FracastoroAuthor · BooksGirolamo Fracastoro (Hieronymus Fracastorius; c. 1476/86 August 1553) was an Italian physician, poet, and scholar in mathematics, geography and astronomy.
Gregory BenfordAuthor · BooksGregory Benford (born January 30, 1941) is an American science fiction author and astrophysicist who is professor emeritus at the department of physics and astronomy at the University of…
Grove Karl GilbertPhotographer · PhotographyGrove Karl Gilbert (May 6, 1843 – May 1, 1918), known by the abbreviated name G. K. Gilbert in academic literature, was an American geologist.
Guo PuAuthor · BooksGuo Pu (AD 276–324), courtesy name Jingchun, was a Chinese historian, poet, and writer during the Jin dynasty (mostly Western Jin period, into the Eastern Jin period, from 317–), and is…
Harold UreyAuthor · BooksHarold Clayton Urey ForMemRS (April 29, 1893 – January 5, 1981) was an American physical chemist who conducted pioneering work on isotopes.
Henri PoincaréAuthor · BooksJules Henri Poincaré (29 April 185417 July 1912) was a French mathematician, theoretical physicist, engineer, and philosopher of science.
Henrik MohnAuthor · BooksHenrik Mohn (15 May 1835 – 12 September 1916) was a Norwegian astronomer and meteorologist.
Hermann GoldschmidtArtist · PaintingsHermann Mayer Salomon Goldschmidt (June 17, 1802 – August 30 or September 10, 1866) was a German-French astronomer and painter who spent much of his life in France.
Hermann of ReichenauAuthor · BooksBlessed Hermann of Reichenau or Herman the Cripple (18 July 1013– 24 September 1054), also known by other names, was an 11th-century Benedictine monk and scholar.
Ḥusain Wāʿiẓ KāšifīAuthor · BooksKamāl al-Dīn Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī Kāshifī, best simply known as Husayn Kashifi, was a prolific Persian prose-stylist, a poet, a Quran exegete, a Sufi scholar, and an astronomer of the Timurid…
HypatiaAuthor · BooksHypatia (born c. 350–370 – March 415AD) was a Neoplatonist philosopher, astronomer, and mathematician who lived in Alexandria, at that time in the province of Egypt and a major city of the…
Ibn al-Banna' al-MarrakushiAuthor · BooksIbn al‐Bannāʾ al‐Marrākushī, full name: Abu'l-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Uthman al-Azdi al-Marrakushi (29 December 1256 – 31 July 1321), was a Moroccan Arab[1][2] polymath who was active…
İbrahim Hakkı ErzurumiAuthor · BooksIbrahim Hakki Erzurumi (18 May 1703 – 22 June 1780), a popular Turkish Sufi saint of the Ottoman Empire from Erzurum in eastern Anatolia who was a polymath, mystic, poet, author,…
ImhotepDesigner · DesignImhotep ("(the one who) comes in peace"; late 27th century BC) was an Egyptian chancellor to the King Djoser, possible architect of Djoser's step pyramid, and high priest of the sun god Ra…
Isaac RobertsPhotographer · PhotographyIsaac Roberts (27 January 1829 – 17 July 1904) was a Welsh engineer and businessman best known for his work as an amateur astronomer, pioneering the field of astrophotography of nebulae.
J. Allen HynekAuthor · BooksJosef Allen Hynek (May 1, 1910 – April 27, 1986) was an American astronomer, professor, and ufologist. He is perhaps best remembered for his UFO research.
James GregoryAuthor · BooksJames Gregory (November 1638 – October 1675) was a Scottish mathematician and astronomer. His surname is sometimes spelt as Gregorie, the original Scottish spelling.
James NasmythPhotographer · PhotographyJames Hall Nasmyth (sometimes spelled Naesmyth, Nasmith, or Nesmyth; 19 August 1808 – 7 May 1890) was a Scottish engineer, philosopher, artist and inventor famous for his development of the…
Jan BrożekAuthor · BooksJan Brożek or Johannes Broscius (November 1585 – 21 November 1652) was the most prominent Polish mathematician of his era and an early biographer of Copernicus.
Jayant Vishnu NarlikarAuthor · BooksJayant Vishnu Narlikar (19 July 1938 – 20 May 2025) was an Indian astrophysicist who performed research on alternative cosmology.
Jean MeeusAuthor · BooksJean Meeus (born 12 December 1928) is a Belgian meteorologist and astronomer specializing in celestial mechanics, spherical astronomy, and mathematical astronomy.[1][2]
Jean MuellerPhotographer · PhotographyJean Mueller (born 1950) is an American astronomer and discoverer of comets, minor planets, and a large number of supernovas at the U.S. Palomar Observatory in California.
Jean Sylvain BaillyAuthor · BooksJean Sylvain Bailly (15 September 1736 – 12 November 1793) was a French astronomer, mathematician, freemason, and political leader of the early part of the French Revolution.
Jean-Baptiste Lislet GeoffroyAuthor · Maps and atlasesJean-Baptiste Lislet Geoffroy (born Jean-Baptiste Lislet; also known as Jean-Baptiste Lislet-Geoffroy; 23 August 1755 – 8 February 1836) was a French astronomer, botanist and cartographer.
Jean-Dominique, comte de CassiniAuthor · Maps and atlasesJean-Dominique, comte de Cassini (30 June 174818 October 1845), also called Cassini IV, was a French astronomer, son of César-François Cassini de Thury and great-grandson of Giovanni…
Jeanne DuméeAuthor · BooksJeanne Dumée (1660 in Paris – 1706) was a French astronomer and the author of an astronomical text, Entretiens sur l’opinion de Copernic touchant la mobilité de la terre (Conversations on…
Jeff T. AluPhotographer · PhotographyMinor planets discovered: 25
Jodocus Hondius IEngraver · PrintsJodocus Hondius (Latinised version of his Dutch name: Joost de Hondt) (17 October 1563 – 12 February 1612) was a Flemish engraver and cartographer.
Johan Gabriel DoppelmayrAuthor · Maps and atlasesJohann Gabriel Doppelmayr (27 September 1677 – 1 December 1750) was a German mathematician, astronomer, and cartographer. (His surname is also spelled Doppelmayer and Doppelmair.)
Johann Hieronymus SchröterAuthor · Maps and atlasesJohann Hieronymus Schröter (30 August 1745, Erfurt – 29 August 1816, Lilienthal) was a German astronomer.
Johannes de MurisPerson · Music memorabiliaJohannes de Muris (c. 1290–1295 – 1344), or John of Murs, was a French mathematician, astronomer, and music theorist best known for treatises on the ars nova musical style, titled Ars nove…
Johannes RuyschAuthor · Maps and atlasesJohannes Ruysch (c. 1470–1533) was a Dutch cartographer, explorer, painter, and Benedictine monk from Utrecht.
Johannes SchönerAuthor · Maps and atlasesJohannes Schöner (16 January 1477, in Karlstadt am Main – 16 January 1547, in the Free Imperial City of Nuremberg) (aka, Johann Schönner, Johann Schoener, Jean Schönner, Joan Schoenerus)…
Johannes StöfflerAuthor · Maps and atlasesJohannes Stöffler (also Stöfler, Stoffler, Stoeffler; 10 December 1452 – 16 February 1531) was a German mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, priest, maker of astronomical instruments and…
Johannes von GmundenAuthor · Maps and atlasesJohannes von Gmünd is also the name of a 14th-century architect, see Basel Münster.
Johannes WernerAuthor · Maps and atlasesJohann(es) Werner (Latin: Ioannes Vernerus; February 14, 1468 – May 1522) was a German mathematician. He was born in Nuremberg, Germany, where he became a parish priest.
John Adams WhipplePhotographer · PhotographyJohn Adams Whipple (September 10, 1822 – April 10, 1891) was an American inventor and early photographer.
John Frederick William HerschelAuthor · BooksSir John Frederick William Herschel, 1st Baronet (7 March 1792 – 11 May 1871) was an English polymath active as a mathematician, astronomer, chemist, inventor and experimental photographer…
John GribbinAuthor · BooksJohn R. Gribbin (born 19 March 1946) is a British science writer and astrophysicist. His subjects include quantum physics, human evolution, climate change and cosmology.
John HarrisonArtist · WatchesJohn Harrison (– 24 March 1776) was an English joiner and clockmaker who invented the marine chronometer, a long-sought-after device for solving the problem of how to calculate longitude…
John of DamascusPerson · Music memorabiliaHe was born and raised in Damascus c. AD 675 or AD 676; the precise date and place of his
John Russell HindAuthor · BooksJohn Hind (disambiguation)John Hind
José Antonio de Alzate y RamírezAuthor · Maps and atlasesIllustration — José Antonio de Alzate y Ramírez.
José Martín Espinosa de los MonterosAuthor · Maps and atlasesJosé Martín y Espinosa de los Monteros was a Spanish pilot and a mathematics professor, founder of the lineage Espinosa in southeastern Mexico (Yucatan Peninsula).
Joseph NicolletAuthor · Maps and atlasesJoseph Nicolas Nicollet (July 24, 1786 – September 11, 1843), also known as Jean-Nicolas Nicollet, was a French geographer, astronomer, and mathematician known for mapping the Upper…
Joseph-Louis LagrangeAuthor · BooksJoseph-Louis Lagrange (born Giuseppe Luigi Lagrangia or Giuseppe Ludovico De la Grange Tournier;
Joseph-Nicolas DelisleAuthor · Maps and atlasesJoseph-Nicolas Delisle (lang; 4 April 1688 – 11 September 1768) was a French astronomer and cartographer.
Julius Firmicus MaternusAuthor · BooksJulius Firmicus Maternus was a Roman Latin writer and astrologer, who received a pagan classical education that made him conversant with Greek;
Julius ReicheltAuthor · Maps and atlasesJulius Reichelt (5 January 1637 – 19 February 1717) was a German mathematician and astronomer who may have set up the first observatory in the city of Strasbourg.
Karl MollweideAuthor · Maps and atlasesKarl Brandan Mollweide (3 February 1774 – 10 March 1825) was a German mathematician and astronomer who taught in Halle and Leipzig.
Ken CrawfordPhotographer · PhotographyKen Crawford is an American astrophotographer from Rancho Del Sol Camino, California.
Leo the MathematicianAuthor · BooksLeo the Mathematician, the Grammarian or the Philosopher (or ὁ Φιλόσοφος, Léōn ho Mathēmatikós or ho Philósophos; c.

Related subjects

18th-century astronomers44
19th-century astronomers37
16th-century astronomers33
French astronomers26
American astronomers26
German astronomers24
20th-century astronomers23
15th-century astronomers21
17th-century astronomers21

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