Luc Tuymans
Luc Tuymans (born 14 June 1958) is a Belgian visual artist best known for his paintings which explore people's relationship with history and confront their ability to ignore it. World War II is a recurring theme in his work. He is a key figure of the generation of European figurative painters who gained renown at a time when many believed the medium had lost its relevance due to the new digital age.
Also recorded as Tuymans · Luc Tymans · Luc Tuijmans
Luc Tuymans

Marcwathieu · CC BY-SA 3.0
- Name
- Luc Tuymans
- Born
- 14 June 1958
- Birthplace
- Mortsel, Belgium
- Field
- * Painting
- Training
- * Sint-Lukasinstituut Brussels
- Nationality
- Belgium
- Occupation
- painter · draftsperson · photographer · filmmaker · printmaker · graphic artist · artist
- Fields
- conceptual art
- Movements
- contemporary art
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Luc Tuymans (born 14 June 1958) is a Belgian visual artist best known for his paintings which explore people's relationship with history and confront their ability to ignore it. World War II is a recurring theme in his work. He is a key figure of the generation of European figurative painters who gained renown at a time when many believed the medium had lost its relevance due to the new digital age.
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gnd · 16021158-X · wikidata · Q200622 · wikipedia · Luc Tuymans
In this article
Biography
Biography
Tuymans worked across painter, draftsperson, photographer, filmmaker and printmaker and 3 further recorded occupations. The registers place that work in conceptual art. This article rests on 60 catalogued photographs, 13 published texts and 22 scholarly references drawn from named institutional registers. Every statement below returns to a source shown in the evidence panel; where the record is silent or divided, the article says so instead of resolving it.
Der Künstler Jan-Hendrik Pelz im Gespräch mit dem Maler Luc Tuymans, 2014
Tim Tommsen
Key facts
Key facts
• Name — Luc Tuymans • Born — 14 June 1958 • Birthplace — Mortsel, Belgium • Field — * Painting • Training — * Sint-Lukasinstituut Brussels • École nationale supérieure des Arts visuels de La Cambre, Brussels • Royal Academy of Fine Arts Antwerp • Free University of Brussels
Early life
Early life
• Illustration — Luc Tuymans, Antichambre, 1985 Oil on canvas, 69.9 × 80.1 cm, 271⁄2 × 319⁄16 inches, Collection M HKA Museum of Contemporary Art, Antwerp – Collection of the Flemish Community • Illustration — Luc Tuymans, Body, 1990 Oil on canvas, 48.5 × 38.5 cm, 19 1⁄8 × 15 1⁄4 inches, Collection S.M.A.K. Stedelijk Museum voor Actuele Kunst, Ghent • Illustration — Luc Tuymans, Der diagnostische Blick IV, 1992. Oil on canvas, 57 × 38.2 cm, 22 1⁄2 × 15 1⁄8 inches, Private collection, on long-term loan to De Pont Museum of Contemporary Art, Tilburg Luc Tuymans was born in Mortsel close to the city of Antwerp on 14 June 1958. His father was Belgian Flemish and his mother was Dutch. During World War II his mother's family joined the Dutch Resistance and hid refugees, whereas some members of his father's family allegedly had sympathised with Nazi ideology. This fact echoed through family conversations, raising moral questions and feelings of guilt, and the subject became a source of fascination and fear, later playing a key role in Tuymans' painting. His interest in art manifested itself at a young age, and his ability was first recognised during a summer holiday in Zundert, when he won a drawing competition. He later said this event gave him a sense of the path he had to take. When he was eight or nine, his uncle took him to the Kunstmuseum in The Hague where he saw a painting by Mondrian. In a much later conversation, he explained how 'looking at that abstract painting was my first art experience.... I felt the magic of art in it.... I did understand the monumentality of that work.'
Education
Education
Tuymans' formal art studies began at the age of 18 at the Sint-Lukasinstituut in Brussels (1976–79). During this period he traveled to Budapest where he saw El Greco's paintings at the Museum of Fine Arts. In an interview in 2020, Tuymans described seeing these paintings as a shock, and discussed the fascination El Greco still holds for him today. He continued his studies at the National School of Visual Arts of La Cambre in Brussels (1979–80), before going to the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Antwerp (1980–82), where he gave up painting for filmmaking. Having completed his fine art studies, Tuymans enrolled for an academic degree in Art history at the Free University of Brussels (1982–86).
Early work, 1972–94
Early work, 1972–94
During the crucial first phase of Tuymans' artistic development, his painting method evolved rapidly, and his first solo and group exhibitions took place. According to the catalogue raisonné, he created nearly 200 paintings on canvas or hardboard during this period. His first known painting dates from 1972 and the first public exhibited painting was created in 1977, entitled Self-Portrait. He was a student at the time, and submitted it to the national painting competition in Belgium, which he won. From 1979 to 1980, Tuymans worked in collaboration with Marc Schepers on two local projects entitled Morguen. The artists asked families from a neighbourhood in Antwerp for historical family photographs, a collection they built on with their own documentation of the area. The following year, they published the project in the Tijdschrift voor levende Volkskunst (Journal of Living Folk Art), as a journal modelled on the historical Volksfoto magazine. Six months later they organized a second photo project. This time, they focused on the workers' district surrounding St. Andrew's Church, Antwerp. Between 1980 and 1985, Tuymans stopped painting, dedicating himself to experimentation with film. Among other film-projects, he created Feu d’artifice (Firework) and made plans for an unrealized, semi-documentary feature film. Some of the film fragments he made later served as inspiration for paintings. When Tuymans resumed painting in 1985, he changed his technique, and since then he never spent more than a day working on a painting. From 1978 on, Tuymans' paintings centred on European memories of World War II, confronting Adorno's famous question whether art was impossible following the holocaust, and 'the collapse of any coherent tradition in painting' described by Peter Schjeldahl. One of his works from this period is a small painting of the gas chamber in Dachau, entitled Gaskamer (Gas Chamber), 1986. This painting was based on a watercolour he had done on site. As J.S. Marcus from The Wall Street Journal wrote, the painting 'simplified the means of painting.... flattened the perspective, muted the colour and the direction of the composition.... To save the painting he almost makes it disappear.' Other paintings that date from this period are the 1988 four-part painting Die Zeit (The Time) in which Tuymans combines a portrait of the Nazi frontman Reinhard Heydrich with two spinach tablets and a cityscape, and the 1989 painting Die Wiedergutmachung (The Reparation) that depicts the eyes of gypsy children who had been experimented on by the Nazis. From the late 1970s, Tuymans also began to paint portraits of himself and imaginary portraits, anonymous individuals, and historical and public figures. Superficially, most of these images seem to be traditional portraits; the approach is dispassionate and not psychological. His portraits strip individuality away, leaving the body resembling a shell, the face a mask. Another example of his figurative portrait work is Der diagnostische Blick (The Diagnostic Look), a series of ten paintings from 1992 based on clinical images of bodies and body parts he found in a physician's manual on physical diseases. As Meyer-Hermann wrote in the catalogue raisonné, the artist first elucidated his theoretical approach in an unrealized proposal for a group exhibition, entitled Virus of the Vanities. Here, he defines key terms and develops a dialectic between the 'virus' as representative of the 'cult', and 'vanity' as a projection of 'culture', also opposing the 'anecdotal' (as in the portrait or still life) to the 'symbolic' (as in representations of time or death). Tuymans refers to nine of his paintings dating from 1978 to 1990 to support his ideas. Tuymans' first exhibition in North America, entitled Superstition, was held in 1994 at the David Zwirner Gallery (it was also shown later at the Art Gallery of York University in Toronto, The Renaissance Society at the University of Chicago, and London's ICA Institute of Contemporary Arts). The exhibition reflected humankind's scepticism and spiritual indifference as manifested by our attitude to recent historical events.
1995–2006
1995–2006
• Illustration — Luc Tuymans, Lumumba, 2000, oil on canvas, 62 × 46 cm, 24 3⁄8 × 18 1⁄8 inches, Collection The Museum of Modern Art, New York Since 1995 Tuymans' international renown grew, and he participated in over 140 group exhibitions and had 47 solo shows in Europe, North America, and Asia. Between these dates, he created 198 works he classified as paintings, several murals and textile wall hangings. His exhibition Heimat, held in 1995 at the Zeno X Gallery in Antwerp and the Musée des Beaux Arts in Nantes, was a response to political events in Flanders and targeted Flemish nationalism. Pieces shown were all dated from that year and included The Flag, A Flemish Village, the Flemish memorial Ijzertoren (Yser Tower), a portrait of the Flemish writer Ernest Claes entitled A Flemish Intellectual, and Home Sweet Home. Several of the paintings included in Heimat were shown the following year (1996–97) in the exhibition Face à l‘histoire held at the Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris, which looked at modern artists' responses to major historical and political events over the preceding sixty years. In a later 2014 interview discussing the Heimat series with De Witte Raaf he expressed his particular dislike of the separatist, far-right Flemish political party the Vlaams Blok (Flemish block), which achieved its best electoral result to date in Antwerp in 1994, stating: 'I was ashamed that I was from Antwerp!’ In 1996, Tuymans' exhibition Heritage, held at the David Zwirner Gallery, consisted of ten new paintings of the same title, all inspired by the mood that prevailed in the U.S. following the Oklahoma City bombing. The series depicts normal, almost stereotypical American imagery: a painting of two baseball caps (Heritage I); Mount Rushmore (Heritage VII); a man working (Heritage VIII); a portrait and a birthday cake (Heritage IX). The series also includes a portrait of the wealthy Ku Klux Klan member Joseph Milteer (Heritage VI). In 2000, Tuymans attracted attention with his series of political paintings Mwana Kitoko (Beautiful Boy), inspired by King Baudouin of Belgium's state visit to the Congo in the 1950s. These works were exhibited in 2000 at the David Zwirner Gallery and the following year in the Belgian Pavilion at the Venice Biennale. At Documenta 11 in 2002, which focused on works of art containing political or social commentary, many expected Tuymans to present new work created in response to the 9/11 attacks on New York. Instead, he presented a simple still-life executed on a massive scale, deliberately ignoring all reference to world events. This inevitably led to some negative criticism. Tuymans however, described his decision as a deliberate strategy of 'sublimation': 'In Still-Life the idea of banality becomes larger than life, it is taken to an impossible extreme. It's actually just an icon, an almost purely cerebral painting, more like a light projection. The attacks [[September 11 attacks|[9/11]]] were also an assault on aesthetics. That gave me the idea of reacting with a sort of anti-picture, with an idyll, albeit an inherently twisted one.' In 2004 Tate Modern in London and in 2006 Museu Serralves in Porto devoted major solo exhibitions to Tuymans work.
From 2007 onwards
From 2007 onwards
• Illustration — Luc Tuymans, The Shore, 2014 Oil on canvas, 194.2 × 353.7 cm, 761⁄2 × 1391⁄4 inches, Collection Tate Modern, London. Presented by the artist and David Zwirner, 2016 Since 2007, Tuymans participated in over 200 group exhibitions and had over 30 solo shows in Europe, North America, and Asia. During this period (2007–19) he produced 180 works he classified as paintings, plus several murals and textile wall hangings. His 2007 exhibition Les Revenants at Zeno X focused on the social influence of the Jesuits in education. In 2007, a major retrospective was organized by the Műcsarnok Kunsthalle in Budapest (2007–2008) which travelled as Luc Tuymans: Wenn der Frühling kommt to Haus der Kunst in Munich in 2008 and as Come and See to the Zachęta National Gallery of Art in Warsaw. Each venue had a different set of paintings on show. His 2008 solo show at David Zwirner Gallery, entitled The Management of Magic, explored the 'Disney-fication' of consumer society. From 2009 to 2011, this major exhibition travelled to four cities in North America: the Wexner Center for the Arts, the SFMOMA San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, DMA Dallas Museum of Art, and the MCA Museum of Contemporary Art in Chicago. It then moved to its final stop in Belgium at BOZAR – Palais des Beaux-Arts in Brussels. Between 2006 and 2008, solo exhibitions devoted to Tuymans were held in diverse locations: at Műcsarnok Kunsthalle in Budapest in 2007–08; at Zachęta National Gallery of Art in Warsaw and at Haus der Kunst in Munich in 2008. In 2012, Tuymans was invited by the Polish artist Mirosław Bałka to take part in a project in the town where Bałka had grown up: Otwock. This project involved interpreting the town's history through artworks which were spread across over twenty locations. Tuymans contributed the painting Die Nacht (2012), which refers to Hans-Jürgen Syberberg's epic 1985 film installation on German history. During the second season in 2012, this painting hung in Bałka's childhood bedroom. Tuymans also installed hundreds of black balloons in the ruins of Zofiówka, a former hospital for people with mental health conditions. In 1940, the building was part of the Otwock ghetto, and in 1942, during the Nazi occupation of Poland, its inhabitants either died of starvation, were shot, or were sent to the Treblinka concentration camp. At the retrospective exhibition entitled Intolerance staged by QM Gallery Al Riwaq in Doha in 2016, Tuymans presented a new body of work entitled The Arena I–VI. These works depict violence in 1942. 'With visual similarities to Francisco Goya's The Third of May 1808, 1814, Tuymans' strong highlighting of central figures encased by a blackened, scruffy vignette suggests a diaspora, revolution, or an uneasy static mob. There is a sense of pent-up aggression that lies beneath the surface of the ethnically ambiguous and androgynous forms.' Copyright infringement In January 2015 Tuymans was found guilty of plagiarism by a Belgian civil court after he used a photograph taken by Katrijn Van Giel as the source of his painting A Belgian Politician (2011), a portrait of Jean-Marie Dedecker. Tuymans appealed against the ruling, claiming that the painting was a parody – a critique of Belgian conservatism. He and Van Giel reached an amicable, confidential out-of-court settlement in October 2015. The British newspaper The Guardian supported the artist in this dispute, commenting on the way Tuymans never makes photorealistic representations of original photos, and describing how 'his work bears witness to a career-long survey of all images.
Works on paper
Works on paper
Drawing has been integral to Tuymans' artistic practice from the start. Sketches, watercolours and other small-scale works form the bedrock of his work for they constitute, for him, a way of thinking through an idea. Important features of Tuymans' artistic approach can be found in these preparatory pieces such as his voluntary choice of low-quality materials and his incorporation of found elements. Such works are both visual preparations for later paintings and exteriorisations of thought processes. As Tuymans said in an interview with Josef Helfenstein in 1997: 'drawing is particularly important because I become mentally involved in the work and the picture. What is important for me is the idea of thinking while I draw, particularly in the tiny drawings. It helps to have everything under control'. Elsewhere in the interview, Tuymans explained that he mostly draws from memory and that he finds it better not to start drawing immediately when he sees something, but that he draws 'on the basis of a fragmentary memory.' This is elaborated on later in the 1997 interview with Helfenstein, when he describes how he usually prefers to draw after seeing something, 'on the basis of a fragmentary memory'. Each drawing is more than a visual record: it forms part of a wider reflective process. The first comprehensive exhibition of Tuymans' drawings and other works on paper from the years 1975–96 was on view in an exhibition that travelled to Kunsthalle Bern, Bern; Berkeley Art Museum, Berkeley; and Capc Musée d'art contemporain, Bordeaux (in 1997–98).
Murals
Murals
• Illustration — Luc Tuymans talks about his triptych mural St. Croce, 2010, MCA Museum of Contemporary Art in Chicago. Tuymans has made about 50 site-specific murals since the mid-1990s, five permanent and the rest temporary. Unlike the permanent mural paintings, Tuymans other mural paintings are temporary events and installations created for exhibitions. The type of mural techniques used is either acrylic paint or fresco applied directly on the existing wall surfaces. On rare occasions, he also made textile murals, which are based on drawings that are scanned and mechanically produced. As he said in a video interview he gave about the triptych mural painting S. Croce (2010), they are always related to the 'raw space' and 'it is the element of approach which is important with murals', he also mentioned that 'If I work on a wall I feel much more free than on a canvas.' The first permanent mural was created in 1995 in Antwerp at Café Alberto. It features a larger version of the painting Superstition. In 2007 Tuymans executed a permanent mural based on Bloodstains (1993) on the ceiling of the ballroom of the former Ringtheater. This same year, the building was taken over by Troubleyn/Laboratorium, the performance company run by the Belgian playwright and artist Jan Fabre. In February 2012, Tuymans used the motif of Angel for a permanent mural created in the second balcony foyer of the Concertgebouw Brugge. Tuymans gave the Staatsschauspiel Dresden two permanent murals created for the main staircases of the building on Theaterstrasse in 2013. These two murals are based on the paintings Peaches (2012) and Technicolor (2012). Arena (2017) is the most recent permanent mural created for the Museum of Fine Arts in Ghent. This work is a fresco mural that consists of three panels located at the end of a curved gallery in the museum's hall.
Mosaics
Mosaics
• Illustration — Luc Tuymans, Dead Skull, 2010 MAS Museum aan de Stroom, Antwerp The first mosaic Tuymans made was Dead Skull, 2010, commissioned by the MAS Museum aan de Stroom (Museum by the River) as a permanent installation in the museum square on the Hanzestedenplaats in Antwerp. It is a 40 m 2 stone mosaic that evokes Tuymans' painting of the same name created in 2002, which in turn refers to a memorial plaque dedicated to the 16th-century painter Quinten Metsys from Antwerp which can be found on the facade of the Cathedral of Our Lady in Antwerp. The painting was first transformed into a grid pattern of 488 by 488 pixels. Using that image and a specially designed digital conversion technique, a mosaic was created from 96,569 stones of 11 different colours. The installation began in the winter of 2009 and was finished in the summer of 2010. Dead Skull is hardly distinguishable as an image when you are on the ground floor, but the higher you climb in the MAS, the more clearly the skull becomes visible. The second mosaic Tuymans made was Schwarzheide, made at the time of his exhibition La Pelle at Palazzo Grassi in 2019. This work was produced by Fantini Mosaici in Milan and is based on Tuymans' eponymous oil on canvas dated 1989 representing a German forced-labour camp. The full image could only be seen from the balustrades, overlooking the atrium of Palazzo Grassi. Due to the floods that hit Venice in February 2020, the site-specific mosaic was dismantled.
Graphic works
Graphic works
Tuymans experimented with printmaking from the late 1980s on, producing a graphic oeuvre of about 90 works, which focus – like his paintings – on the mediation and translation of images in the mass media. He has explored various printing methods such as photocopy, inkjet, offset, monotype, screen-printing, lithography, etching, and silver gelatine prints, using unusual supports such as wallpaper, security glass and PVC. In a similar way to his paintings, his printed images often appear blurred or reduced. They are frequently based on photographs or film stills, which the artist photographs and re-photographs until much of the original detail is lost. The four-colour etching Isabel, Diorama, Scramble, Twenty Seventeen (2017) for example, is based on iPhone photographs Tuymans took while painting. These images reveal an early, unfinished stage of the work. The paint strokes Tuymans placed in the margin of the painting and at the edges of the canvas are also incorporated in the etched image. Most of Tuymans' prints are made in collaboration with Antwerp-based master printer Roger Vandaele and Edition Copenhagen.
Curating
Curating
Tuymans is also a curator. The first exhibition he curated was Trouble Spot: Painting in 1999 at the Museum van Hedendaagse Kunst Antwerpen and the NICC – New International Centre in Antwerp. This show included works by about 50 artists, including Gerhard Richter, Ellsworth Kelly, Raoul De Keyser, Marlene Dumas, and Andy Warhol. In an interview with Artzip, he explained that the idea behind the exhibition was 'to explore the boundaries of painting' and that his curatorial approach was to 'prioritize the visual in order to create a dialogue between different works.' In 2002, he curated Kamers. een keuze van Luc Tuymans (Rooms. A choice by Luc Tuymans) at Ruimte Morguen in Antwerp. The following curated event took place on 5 October 2006, Tuymans organized Sirene/Alarm, an event that spanned numerous museums and cultural institutions in Belgium. All participating museums were asked to set their alarms to go off at 3 pm. Staff, artists, students, and other supporters evacuated the buildings involved for fifteen minutes. The event was a plea for tolerance; a statement against political extremism, racism, and violence. In 2007 Tuymans curated the exhibition The Forbidden Empire: Visions of the World by Chinese and Flemish Artists at BOZAR – Centre for Fine Arts, Brussels. The exhibition was co-curated with Yu Hui and travelled to the Palace Museum in the Forbidden City in Beijing. The following exhibition he curated was Reconsidered. Luc Tuymans: Selected Works from the Städel Collection, an exhibition held at the Städel Museum in Frankfurt am Main in 2009. Following the Chinese/Flemish exhibition The Forbidden Empire, Tuymans curated in 2010, The State of Things: Brussels/Beijing, a cross-cultural exhibition that combined Belgian and Chinese art at BOZAR – Centre for Fine Arts, Brussels, which then travelled to the National Art Museum of China in Beijing. In 2011, Angel Vergara invited Tuymans to curate the Angel Vergara: Feuilleton exhibition in the Belgian Pavilion at the 54th International Biennale di Venezia. In 2011, he also organized the exhibition A Vision of Central Europe for Brugge Centraal. As stated on Phaidon's website, Tuymans' starting point for this exhibition was the difference between the cities of Bruges and Warsaw: one survived World War II relatively unscathed, the other was decimated, then carefully reconstructed. Two years later, he curated The Gap: Selected Abstract Art from Belgium at the London Parasol Unit Foundation for Contemporary Art, and in 2013, he collaborated with Dr Ulrich Bischoff on the exhibition Constable, Delacroix, Friedrich, Goya. A Shock to the Senses at the Albertinum in Dresden, an exhibition that traced the history of European painting from 1800 to the present, juxtaposing important works of European Romanticism with later modern and contemporary art. In 2016, he curated the exhibition 11 Artists Against the Wall, at Leopold Place 5 in Antwerp, as part of Born in Antwerp, and James Ensor by Luc Tuymans at the Royal Academy of Arts in London. The most recent exhibition Tuymans curated is Sanguine/Bloedrood. Luc Tuymans on Baroque, which opened in 2018 at the Museum of Contemporary Art, Antwerp then travelling to the Fondazione Prada in Milan.
Solo exhibitions
Solo exhibitions
Over 100 solo exhibitions of Tuymans' paintings were staged between 1985 and 2016, including over 70 international solo exhibitions. The first exhibition of Tuymans' paintings, for the Belgian Art Review (1985), took place in Ostend in a deserted swimming pool at the prestigious Thermae Palace. Tuymans chose Ostend because of James Ensor and Leon Spilliaert, two painters who had a profound influence on his artistic development and whose connection with the city gave it a spiritual significance for him. Besides his parents and a handful of friends, few people saw the exhibition, but it was nonetheless crucial, because it was the first time Tuymans saw his work outside the studio. The next public exhibition of Tuymans' work was held at Ruimte Morguen in Antwerp in 1988 and the first museum exhibitions devoted exclusively to his work were held in 1990 at the PMMK Provinciaal Museum voor Moderne Kunst in Ostend and at the S.M.A.K. Stedelijk Museum voor Actuele Kunst in Ghent. In the same year, he had his first exhibition at Zeno X, a gallery he continues to work with today. In 1992, Tuymans made an international breakthrough in his career. Several major exhibitions of his work (at Kunsthalle Bern for example) and his participation in Documenta 9, extended his reputation internationally. Tuymans concluded this first period of his career with a retrospective exhibition held in Krefeld in 1993 at the Museum Haus Lange, Krefelder Kunstmuseen in the two residential houses turned contemporary art museums Haus Lange and Haus Esters. In 1994, his work was shown at Portikus in Frankfurt am Main, an exhibition that travelled to the David Zwirner Gallery in New York, the artist's U.S. gallery. That same year, he had a solo exhibition at the Art Gallery of York University in Toronto which moved on to The Renaissance Society at The University of Chicago, the Institute of Contemporary Arts in London and the Goldie Paley Gallery, Moore College of Art and Design in Philadelphia. In 2001, Tuymans represented Belgium at the Venice Biennale. Between 2004 and 2008, solo exhibitions devoted to Tuymans were held in diverse locations: at Tate Modern in London in 2004; at Museu Serralves in Porto; at Museu Serralves in Porto; at Műcsarnok Kunsthalle in Budapest in 2007–8; at Zachęta National Gallery of Art in Warsaw and at Haus der Kunst in Munich in 2008. The artist's first comprehensive U.S. retrospective opened in September 2009 at the Wexner Center for the Arts in Columbus Ohio, then travelling to the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, the Dallas Museum of Art and the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago. This retrospective also travelled beyond the U.S. to BOZAR Centre for Fine Arts, Brussels, in Belgium. Also in 2009, an exhibition of works inspired by one of Tuymans' favourite authors, Thomas Pynchon, called Against the Day, was held at Wiels Contemporary Art Centre, Brussels, subsequently travelling to Baibakov Art Projects, Moscow, and Moderna Museet Malmö, Sweden. A major solo exhibition was put on in 2015 at QM Gallery Al Riwaq, Doha, entitled Intolerance, and in 2019, Tuymans' major exhibition La pelle was staged at Palazzo Grassi in Venice. This show incorporated 80 paintings dating from 1986 to 2019. A retrospective of his works, Luc Tuymans: The Past, was featured at the UCCA Center for Contemporary Art (2024–2025).
Group exhibitions
Group exhibitions
Tuymans also participated in over 350 group exhibitions between 1985 and 2016, including more than 300 international exhibitions. In 1992, he was invited to show at Documenta in Kassel for the first time and in 2002 he participated in Documenta 11. Work by Tuymans has also been included in group exhibitions such as: Infinite Painting: Contemporary Painting and Global Realism, held at the Villa Manin Centro d’Arte Contemporanea, Codroipo in Italy (2006); Essential Painting, at the National Museum of Art, Osaka, Japan (2006); Fast Forward: Collections for the Dallas Museum of Art, at the Dallas Museum of Art, Dallas, Texas (2007); What is Painting? Contemporary Art From the Collection at The Museum of Modern Art, New York (2007); The Painting of Modern Life at the Hayward Gallery, London, England and the Castle of Rivoli, Turin, Italy (2007); Doing it My Way: Perspectives in Belgian Art at the Museum Küppersmühle für Moderne Kunst, Duisburg, Germany (2008); Collecting Collections: Highlights from the Permanent Collection of the Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles at the Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles, California (2008); Mapping the Studio: Artists from the François Pinault Collection at the Palazzo Grassi, Venice, Italy (2009) and Compass in Hand: Selections from The Judith Rothschild Foundation Contemporary Drawings Collection at The Museum of Modern Art, New York (2009–10).
Catalogue raisonné
Catalogue raisonné
In 2019, a comprehensive catalogue raisonné edited by the art historian Eva Meyer-Hermann was published by the David Zwirner Gallery and Yale University Press. Tuymans' paintings dating from 1972 on – 564 in total – are spread between three volumes. Volume I covers the 186 paintings done on canvas or hardboard between 1972 and 1994. Volume II covers 198 paintings on canvas or, on occasion, polyester or vinyl, between 1995 and 2006, and Volume III includes 180 works on canvas dating from 2007 to 2018.
Art market
Art market
According to an article published by Artprice in 2019, half of his auction turnover is generated in the United States, and 36% in the United Kingdom. In May 2005, Sculpture (2000), part of Tuymans' Mwana Kitoko (Beautiful White Man) series, was sold at Christie's New York for a record price. In 2005, he was listed 184 in the 'Top 500' selling artists, a ranking compiled by Artprice. Tuymans' auction record was established when Rumour (2001) sold by $2,699,750 at Christie's New York, on 15 May 2013. It was then the best ever auction result for a contemporary Belgian artist. Since then, his paintings have fetched ever-increasing sums. As a result, in 2016, Tuymans was ranked 60 in the ArtReview list of the 100 most powerful people in the art world'. In 2019, Tuymans gained a lot of exposure with his exhibition La Pelle at Palazzo Grassi in Venice. The market reacted accordingly and his works generated even higher turnover on the secondary market, a record year for the artist. In 2015, Tuymans ranked 168 on the 'TOP 500' Contemporary Artists 2014/2015. That year, he ranked 75 in the 'Top 500' best-selling artists worldwide. This brought him into the top 100 most successful artists on the global secondary market. As a result, he is regarded today as one of the most successful European artists, ranked alongside the Italian artists Rudolf Stingel and Maurizio Cattelan, the Belgian artist Harold Ancart, and eight German artists, including Albert Oehlen.
Recognition
Recognition
In 2007, Tuymans was appointed Commander of the Order of Leopold of Belgium by King Albert II, in 2013, he was made a Foreign Honorary Member of The American Academy of Arts and Letters in New York, and the Academy of Arts (Akademie der Künste) in Berlin. In 2019 he received the Medal of Honor from the International Congress of Contemporary Painting (ICOCEP) in Porto in Portugal. Tuymans holds several academic honours, including an honorary doctorate for overall cultural merit bestowed by the Royal College of Art in 2015, an honorary doctorate bestowed by the University of Arts in Poznań in 2014, and an honorary doctorate for overall cultural merit bestowed by the University of Antwerp in 2006. In 2008, Tuymans received the Max Beckmann Foundation award at the Städelschule. In 2000, he was a finalist for the Vincent van Gogh Biennial Award for Contemporary Art in Europe and won the Coutts Contemporary Art Foundation award in Zurich. In 2013, Tuymans was awarded the Flemish Culture Award for Visual Arts and in 2020 the Ultima award for 'General Cultural Merit'. In 1998, he received the biannual Culture Prize Blanlin-Evrart from the Catholic University of Leuven. In 2013, he was given the award of excellence for his artistic contributions to the fight against AIDS by the AmfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research Awards.
Personal life
Personal life
Tuymans was born in Mortsel near Antwerp on 14 June 1958, and he continues to live in Antwerp today. His father, Antoon Tuymans, was Belgian Flemish and his mother, Elisabeth Dam, was Dutch. In 1995, he met the Venezuelan artist Carla Arocha while working on his first American show at The Renaissance Society in Chicago and four years later, in 1999, they married.
Life and work
Life and work
Luc Tuymans was born on 14 June 1958 in Mortsel. Tuymans held the nationality of Belgium. Tuymans was educated at LUCA, campus Sint-Lukas Brussels and Royal Academy of Fine Arts. Married to: Carla Arocha. Tuymans worked as painter, draftsperson, photographer and filmmaker, and the authority record catalogues a further 4 occupations under the same name, among them printmaker, graphic artist, art historian and artist. Tuymans worked in Antwerp and Brussels. The fields Tuymans worked in include conceptual art. Tuymans worked in French, English and Dutch. Tuymans is placed by the collections within contemporary art.
Life and career
Dated record
Life and career
Explore 1958–2006
The full dated record · 4 entries
1958
Luc Tuymans born.
1980
Recorded as work location: Antwerp.
2005
Luc Tuymans: Proper (2005) is digitised and catalogued by Internet Archive.
2006
Receives honorary doctor of the University of Antwerp.
Catalogued output
Works documented in more than one form
6 titles are catalogued under more than one form, which is to say the registers hold them both as a work and as a distinct object, score, recording or edition. Where a title is documented in several forms the evidence behind it is correspondingly wider, and the article treats those forms as separate records of the same work rather than as separate works. Untitled, dated 1987 — catalogued as painting, photograph, group of works, watercolor painting and series of images. Lamp, dated 1995 — catalogued as print, work of art and painting.
Pillows
1994 — catalogued as painting and print
Dead Skull
2009 — catalogued as mosaic and painting
Peaches - Technicolor
2013 — catalogued as print and group of works
Mwana Kitoko
2000 — catalogued as work of art and painting
Catalogued output
Writings and published texts
These are catalogued publications carrying the name — editions and printings, distinct from the works they contain and from writing about the subject. The 2000s are the densest part of the run, with 5 titles, and that concentration is a fact about what the registers have catalogued rather than a judgement on the work itself.
13 editions carry dates between 1997 and 2016
The run opens with Premonition and closes with James Ensor
The entries follow Open Library
Privacy
1998
The passion
1999
Parkett # 60
2001
The forbidden empire
2007
Painting Now
2007
The reality of the lowest rank
2010
The state of things =
2010
Constable, Delacroix, Friedrich, Goya
2013
Andreas Muhe
2013
Photographs and portfolios, 1980–2016
Catalogued output
Photographs and portfolios, 1980–2016
These are objects catalogued as visual works, each held or recorded by the institution named against it. 59 photographs carry dates between 1980 and 2016. The 1990s are the densest part of the run, with 28 titles, and that concentration is a fact about what the registers have catalogued rather than a judgement on the work itself. They belong to a run of 60 titles in all, from 1980 to 2016. A selection is set out below and the complete run may be opened beneath it.
The run opens with Lift and closes with Within
Lift
1980
Untitled (Speech)
1981
Diary
1982
Untitled
1987
Figure Seen from Behind
1987
Die Zeit, 1988
1988
Scarecrow
1989
Body
1990
Conditorei
1990
Sheer Curtains
1991
Angel
1992
The complete catalogue · 56
The run opens with Lift and closes with Within
Lift
1980
Untitled (Speech)
1981
Diary
1982
Untitled
1987
Figure Seen from Behind
1987
Die Zeit, 1988
1988
Scarecrow
1989
Body
1990
Conditorei
1990
Sheer Curtains
1991
Angel
1992
Der diagnostische Blick IV
1992
Silent Music
1993
Blacklight
1994
A Flemish Intellectual
1995
Portrait
1995
Superstition
1995
Tracing
1995
Premonition
1995
Peter
1995
Lamp
1995
The Green Room
1995
The Conversation
1995
Bosom
1995
The heritage VI
1996
Heritage IV
1996
The Temple
1996
Bathroom
1996
Illegitimate III
1997
Illegitimate I
1997
Illegitimate VI
1997
Couple
1998
Britain
1999
Soldier
1999
Silence (1990)
2000
Leopard
2000
Lumumba
2000
Pink Glasses
2001
The Rumour
2002
Niks
2002
Gene
2004
Ex Libris
2005
Tiles
2005
Demolition
2005
The Secretary of State
2005
The Worshipper
2005
Nuclear Plant
2006
Slide
2006
The Man From Wiels II
2008
Xphone
2011
HM
2012
Peaches [from the portfolio ‘Peaches - Technicolor’]
2013
Technicolor [from the portfolio ‘Peaches - Technicolor’]
2013
Saint-Georges
2015
Within
2016
Photographs and portfolios without a settled date
Catalogued output
Photographs and portfolios without a settled date
1 further photograph are catalogued under Tuymans's name without a date the collections agree on, which is why they are set apart from the dated run rather than placed in it.
Der Diagnostische Blick XI
Teaching and artist talks
Tuymans has also engaged in pedagogical work, and was a guest tutor at the Dutch institute Rijksakademie van beeldende kunsten, where he mentored and influenced emerging painters such as the Polish artist Paulina Olowska, and the Serbian-born artist Ivan Grubanov. In 2008, Tuymans took on the Max Beckmann Foundation Professorship at the Städelschule, a role previously held by William Kentridge. During this time he participated in international symposia and conferences, and gave interviews and lectures on his work and painting in general at various international universities and museums. In 1995, he gave a lecture on his work at the University of Chicago and participated in a conversation led by curator and writer Hamza Walker. In 2000, he participated with Carel Blotkamp, Ferdinand van Dieten, Benoît Hermans, Frank Reijnders, Jeroen Stumpel in the symposium The Persistence of Painting at the Rijksakademie van beeldende kunsten in Amsterdam. At the close of Tuymans' exhibition Signal at the Hamburger Bahnhof in 2001, a symposium entitled Gesichtsbilder was held involving the artist, Eugen Blume (director of Hamburger Bahnhof), the art historian Anne-Marie Bonnet, and Norbert Kampe (the director of House of the Wannsee Conference, Memorial and Educational Site). At Tuymans' request, the symposium's closing session took place at the House of the Wannsee Conference in Berlin, a former industrialist's villa used by the SSas a guest house and conference centre from 1941 to 1945 and the place the deportation and murder of European Jews was planned in 1942. At the symposium Between Senses, Strukturen und Strategien del Malerei im 20. Jahrhundert organized for the exhibition Painting on the Move at the Beyeler Foundation in Basel, Tuymans participated in a panel discussion on the significance of painting in relation to new media, moderated by the art historian Beat Wyss, with the philosopher Hubert Damisch, the art historians Yve-Alain Bois, Bruno Haas, and Denys Zacharopoulos, and the artist and art historian Hans-Dieter Huber. In 2003, Tuymans held a public talk at the Kunstverein Hannover, and in 2004 he lectured at the Museo Tamayo, Mexico City (with Gerrit Vermeiren), at the Mauritshuis in The Hague where he gave a lecture entitled On Peter Paul Rubens, at the deSingel in Antwerp as part of the program Curating the Library, and at the Dresdner Bank in Berlin during the conference Europa eine Seele geben: Berliner Konferen für europaïsche Kulturpolitik. In 2006, he participated in an Artists Panel with Brice Marden, Francesco Clemente, and Christopher Wool at MoMA in New York and in 2008, he lectured at the Haus der Kunst in Munich (Luc Tuymans: Arbeit und Praxis) and gave the inaugural lecture at the Neues Museum Weserburg in Bremen at the symposium Arbeit der Bilder: Die Präzens der Bilde sim Dialog zwischen Psychoanalyse, Philosophie und Kunstwissenschaft. In 2009, he took part in the Interdisciplinary Conference at NCCR in Basel; the Coloquim Abschied und Gegenstand during the Platform Project at Wiels in Brussels, and the Lambert Family Lecture, in conversation with T.J. Clark at the Wexner Center in Columbus. In 2010, he participated in the symposium History, Violence, Disquiet held at the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago (MCA), and in 2011, he held a conversation with Rem Koolhaas at La Loge in Brussels entitled Construction Européenne. In 2012, he was invited to the Frieze Talks and in 2015 he conducted a talk with Colin Chinnery at the Talbot Rice Gallery. In 2016 he lectured at the Slade Contemporary Art Lecture Series 2015–16 at the Slade School of Fine Art in London, and the same year, he participated in the round table discussion What About Painting Today at LaM Lille Métropole Museum of Modern, Contemporary and Outsider Art, and participated in a public discussion with Kerry James Marshall in Montreal. In 2017, he lectured at the Migros Museum of Contemporary Art in Zurich and alongside Gilane Tawadros at the Royal College of Art in London. In 2018, he gave a public talk on Andrzej Wróblewski at the David Zwirner Gallery in London.
Primary material
Documents and archives
reference work
- “Luc Tuymans”, English Wikipedia, consulted as further reading
Reputable secondary · Wikipedia
authority file
- Gemeinsame Normdatei 16021158-X, Ausstellung Ende von Luc Tuymans (2007 : Bremerhaven).
Unverified · Deutsche Nationalbibliothek
authority record
- Wikidata, structured authority record Q200622: Luc Tuymans
Unverified · Wikidata
Literature
Further cited scholarship
3 scholarly and reference publications are cited here, each one identified by title and by the publication, publisher or institution that carried it, with its year where the register states one. The cited literature runs from 2017 to 2020, which is a measure of how long Tuymans has been a subject of scholarship rather than of how much has been written. The Encyclopedia cites this literature and does not summarise the arguments of works it has not read in full. Perceiving the Focal Point of a Painting with AI: Case Studies on Works of Luc Tuymans, Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence, 2020.
Luc Tuymans in Conversation with Gottfried Boehm, T.J. Clark& Hans M. De Wolf, Critique d’art, 2018
L’histoire coloniale de la Belgique exposée à Venise: Luc Tuymans et la série Mwana Kitoko (Beautiful White Man), Histoire de l'art, 2017
Authority records
Notes from the source article
Cited by Wikipedia
Notes from the source article
These works are cited by the source article, in its own numbering. They are recorded as its citations, not as sources VALÉORINE has verified.
- 1.Nina, Siegal. Luc Tuymans, Master of Moral Complexities, Tries Something New. The New York Times. 21 March 2019.
- 2.David Zwirner Gallery. Luc Tuymans: Forever, The Management of Magic. 14 February – 22 March 2008.
- 3.Roger, White. The contemporaries travels in the 21st-century art world. Bloomsbury. 1. 173. 2016. 9781620400951.
- 4.David Zwirner Gallery. Luc Tuymans: Corporate. 6 November – 21 December 2010.
- 5.David Zwirner Gallery. Luc Tuymans: Forever, The Management of Magic. 14 February – 22 March 2008. 29 January 2008.
- 6.Harris, Gareth. Why paintings succeed where words fail. The Art Newspaper. 9 September 2009.
- 7.Lindquist, Greg. Luc Tuymans. The Brooklyn Rail. May 2010.
- 8.White Cube. Exhibitions – The Rumour, 5 September — 13 October 2001. 1 March 2020.
- 9.Mullins, Charlotte. Painting People: Figure Painting Today. D.A.P./Distributed Art Publishers. 150. 2008. 9781933045832.
- 10.Ilegems, Danny. Tuymans volgens Tuymans, Twintig jaar in gesprek met Luc Tuymans. Lebowski Publishers. 1. 173. 2019. 9789048849574.
- 11.Houston Press. Voice Media Group. Luc Tuymans: Nice. Is Just That and Nothing More. 16 October 2013.
- 12.Wullschlager, Jackie. The Painterly Pessimist. Financial Times. 12 February 2011.
- 13.Wright, Karen. In The Studio: Luc Tuymans, painter. The Independent. Newspaper Publishing plc. 22 September 2012.
- 14.Siegal, Nina. Luc Tuymans, Master of Moral Complexities, Tries Something New. New York: The New York Times Company. 21 March 2019.
- 15.Van Puymbroeck, Rik. Luc Tuymans: 'De achterlijkheid in onze maatschappij groeit met de seconde, ondanks de technische vooruitgang'. De Tijd.
- 16.Spears, Dorothy. Putting the Wrongs of History in Paint. New York: The New York Times Company. 3 February 2010.
- 17.MoMA The Museum of Modern Art. Luc Tuymans.
- 18.Meyer-Hermann, Eva. Luc Tuymans: Catalogue Raisonné of the Paintings, 1972–1994, Volume 1, New York: David Zwirner Books; New Haven: Yale University Press, 2018, pp. 5, 420–445
- 19.Meyer-Hermann, Eva. Luc Tuymans: Catalogue Raisonné of the Paintings, 1972–1994 (Volume 1). New York: David Zwirner Books; New Haven: Yale University Press. 2018.
- 20.bonhams.com. Bonhams. My Bonhams.
- 21.Brams, Koen. Actuele volkskunst: Interview met Marc Schepers. Brussels: De Witte Raaf. 1–4. August 2012.
- 22.Tuymans, Luc. Luc Tuymans: Dusk/Penumbra. Museu . 1. 2006. 9789727391646.
- 23.Horrigan, Bill. Luc Tuymans. ed. Madeleine Grynsztejn and Helen Molesworth. San Francisco: San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. 59–65. 2009.
- 24.Cashdan, Marina. Interview with Luc Tuymans. The White Review 7. 22–42.
- 25.Schjeldahl, Peter. Hot, Cold, Heavy, Light, 100 Art Writings 1988–2018. Abrams Press. www.abramsbooks.com. 1. 2019.
- 26.De Groene Amsterdammer. K. Kleijn, Albert Speer op ski's. 23 March 2011.
- 27.J. S. Marcus, Luc Tuymans Captures the Moment (3 July 2009). The Wall Street Journal. 3 July 2009.
- 28.M HKA Museum of Contemporary Art Antwerp. Luc Tuymans, Die Zeit.
- 29.De Morgen. Bernard Dewulf, Luc Tuymans: the horror. 'Mooi is voor mij een scheldwoord', 8 juni 2002. 8 June 2002.
- 30.E-flux. Luc Tuymans.
- 31.De Volkskrant. Paul Depondt, Ongrijpbaar als kringen in een waterplas de smoezelige schilderijtjes van Luc Tuymans~bc857d26. 8 September 1995.
- 32.The Renaissance Society, renaissancesociety.org. Luc Tuymans: Superstition: Exhibitions: The Renaissance Society. Luc Tuymans: Superstition: Exhibitions. 1995.
- 33.Meyer-Hermann, Eva. Luc Tuymans: Catalogue Raisonné of the Paintings, 1995–2006, Volume 2, New York: David Zwirner Books; New Haven: Yale University Press, 2018, pp. 6, 424–451
- 34.Centre Georges Pompidou. Face à l'Histoire 1933–1996, engagement, témoignage, vision. 1996.
- 35.Brams, Koen. Ik huiver van een identiteitsdiscours als het over cultuur gaat' Gesprek met Luc Tuymans over Belgische kunst en Vlaams-nationalisme. De Witte Raaf. 169 mei-juni. 2014.
- 36.David Zwirner Gallery. Luc Tuymans: The Heritage. 20 September – 19 October 1996.
- 37.Tate Modern, London. Luc Tuymans, 23 June – 26 September 2004. 2004.
- 38.Seyfarth, Ludwig. Rückkehr zur Tradition – Luc Tuymans' Beitrag zur D11. Luc Tuymans gilt als einer der herausragendsten Maler der Gegenwart in Europa. Auf der d11 enttäuscht seine Kunst. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. 20 June 2002.
- 39.Meyer-Hermann, Eva. Luc Tuymans: Catalogue Raisonné of the Paintings, 2007–2018, Volume 3, New York: David Zwirner Books; New Haven: Yale University Press, 2018, pp. 6, 380–425
- 40.Barbareschi, Beatrice. David Zwirner: "Luc Tuymans: Forever, The Management of Magic". Contemporary Art New York. 21 February 2008.
- 41.afterall.org, 8 May 2014.
- 42.Qatar Museums Gallery ALRIWAQ. 14 December 2015.
- 43.Bergmans, Eline. Tuymans veroordeeld voor plagiaat. De Standaard. 20 January 2015.
- 44.This Year's Biggest Art News Stories (editorial). Artsy. 15 December 2015.
- 45.Luc Tuymans Found Guilty of Plagiarism for Painting Photo of Politician. 20 January 2015.
- 46.Adrian, Searle. Why Belgium's plagiarism verdict on Luc Tuymans is beyond parody. The Guardian. 21 January 2015.
- 47.Tuymans, Luc. Luc Tuymans: Premonition, Zeichnungen/Drawings [Published on the occasion of an exhibition organized by Kunsthalle Bern, Bern, April 23 – June 29, 1997, Berkeley Art Museum, Oktober 10 – December 31, 1997; Capc Musée d'art contemporain, Bordeaux, January 30 – April 11, 1998]. Benteli. 9 and 35. 1997. 9783716510698.
- 48.Meyer-Hermann, Eva. Luc Tuymans: Catalogue Raisonné of the Paintings, 1972–1994, Volume 1, New York: David Zwirner Books; New Haven: Yale University Press, 2018, pp. 5, 425, 426
- 49.Gerrit Vermeiren, ed., Luc Tuymans: I Don't Get It, 125–27. Exh. cat. MuHKA Museum van Hedendaagse Kunst Antwerpen, Antwerp. Ghent: Ludion, 2007
- 50.Sigrid Bousset, Katrien Bruyneel, and Mark Geurden, ed., Troubleyn/Laboratorium: Jan Fabre. Brussels: Mercatorfonds, 2016.
- 51.Meyer-Hermann, Eva. Luc Tuymans: Catalogue Raisonné of the Paintings, 1972–1994, Volume 2, New York: David Zwirner Books; New Haven: Yale University Press, 2018, pp. 5, 384–85
- 52.Lynne Cooke and Tommy Simoens, ed., Luc Tuymans: Intolerance, 30; ill. 31. Exh. cat. QM Gallery Al Riwaq, Qatar Museums, Doha. Antwerp: Ludion, 2015
- 53.Erik, Raspoet. De schedel van Luc Tuymans. New York Times Literary Supplement. 18 May 2010.
- 54.MAS Museum aan de Stroom, Antwerpen. Museum square with 'Dead Skull'.
- 55.Dismantling of Luc Tuymans' Mosaic. 2019.
- 56.Sellink, Manfred. Luc Tuymans Graphic Works 1989—2012. Ludion. 1. 7–9. 2012. 978-9461300515.
- 57.Parkin, Michela. Luc Tuymans born 1958. Tate. June 1997.
- 58.Caron, Thomas. Isabel, Diorama, Scramble, Twenty Seventeen. Luc Tuymans. Art for Sale. 2017.
- 59.Hirsch, Faye. Working Proof. On Paper, vol. 1, no. 2, Nov.-Dec. 1996. 34.
- 60.Pettitt, Sarah. A Vision of Curating. an Interview with Luc Tuymans. Art Zip. 22 June, issue 13. 73–74. 2015.
- 61.Staff writer. Waarom loeien de sirenes?. De Standaard. 5 October 2006.
- 62.BOZA, Centre for Fine Arts, Brussels. The Forbidden Empire. Visions of the Worlds by Chinese and Flemish Masters. 2007.
- 63.Eva, Mongi-Vollme. Reconsidered. Luc Tuymans: Selected Works from the Städel Collection. Städel Museum. 2008.
- 64.Staff writer. A Vision of Central Europe. Phaidon. 2011.
- 65.11 Kunstenaars tegen de muur in Antwerpen. HART. 2016.
- 66.Macpherson, Amy. Inside the show: James Ensor by Luc Tuymans. Royal Academy. 24 November 2016.
- 67.M HKA Museum van Hedendaagse Kunst, Antwerpen. Sanguine/Bloedrood. Luc Tuymans on Baroque, 1 juni – 16 september 2018.
- 68.Sanguine. Luc Tuymans on Baroque. 2018.
- 69.Van Doninck, Rose. Biografie. In Luc Tuymans: I don't get it, onder redactie van Montserrat Albores Gleason, Dieter Roelstraete en Gerrit Vermeiren. 197. Gent: Ludion, 2007. p. 197.
- 70.Aliaga, Juan Vicente. Juan Vicente Aliaga in conversation with Luc Tuymans. In Luc Tuymans, onder redactie van Ulrich Loock, Juan Vicente Aliaga, Nancy Spector en Hans Rudolf Reust. 6–31. Londen/New York: Phaidon, 2003. p. 13
- 71.Raes, Isaline. Luc Tuymans als kunstenaar – Curator a Never-Ending Story. Universiteit Gent.
- 72.Art Partout. Luc Tuyamns. Lamproom, 1992.
- 73.Aliaga, Juan Vincente. Luc Tuymans. Phaidon Press. 244, 256. 2007. 978-0-7148-4298-1.
- 74.Tate Modern. Luc Tuymans.
- 75.Serralves Museum. Luc Tuymans, Dusk.
- 76.MAMCO Musee d'Art Moderne et Contemporain, Geneva. Luc Tuymans, Portraits, 1975–2003.
- 77.Staff writer. Luc Tuymans Műcsarnok Kunsthalle, Budapest. Műcsarnok Kunsthalle. 14 December 2007.
- 78.Zacheta. Luc Tuymans MUCSARNOK KUNSTHALLE, BUDAPEST.
- 79.Staff writer. SFMOMA AND Wexner Center to Present First U.S. Retrospective of the Work of Luc Tuyamns, Unprecedented Overview of the Artist's Career and Influence. SFMOMA San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. 21 September 2009.
- 80.MCA Museum of Contemporary Art Chicago. Exhibitions: Luc Tuymans, Oct 2, 2010 – Jan 9, 2011. 2010.
- 81.BOZAR Centre for Fine Arts, Brussels. Luc Tuymans, Retrospective.
- 82.Palazzo Grassi. Luc Tuymans, La Pelle. 2019.
- 83.Amadour. LUC TUYMANS INTERVIEW: ON ‘THE FRUIT BASKET’ AND THE IMAGE TODAY. WHO IS SEEN.
- 84.Luc Tuymans… without appearing to be. 13 August 2019.
- 85.Christies. Post-War and Contemporary Art (Evening Sale), New York, 11 May 2005.
- 86.Art Price. Art Market Trends, Tendances du marché de l'art. 26. 2006.
- 87.Historic Night at Christie's as 12 Post-War Artists Set Records, Biggest Sale in History, Hyperallergic, 15 May 2013
- 88.Christie's
- 89.Art Market: The Week in Numbers (Luc Tuymans). 2015.
- 90.Artprice. Luc Tuymans… without appearing to be. 13 August 2019.
- 91.Gazet Van Antwerpen. Antwerpen: Mediahuis. Luc Tuymans zestigste in kunsttop 'Power 100'. 24 October 2016.
- 92.Wullschlager, Jackie. The Painterly Pessimist. Financial Times. 12 February 2011.
- 93.Artprice. The Contemporary Art Market Report in 2019. 38. 2019.
- 94.Artprice. Top 500 contemporary artists: #51 to #100. 2019.
- 95.Artprice. The Contemporary Art Market Report in 2019. 20. 2019.
- 96.61450. N14. 30 December 2015.
- 97.American Academy of Arts and Letters. Member: Luc Tuymans.
- 98.Omer, Tony. Ward Just selected for the American Academy of the Arts & Letters. New York Times Literary Supplement. 20 March 2013.
- 99.London: Royal College of Art. Honorary Doctors.
- 100.London: Royal College of Art [view from 18:18]. Convocation 2015.
- 101.Antwerpen: University of Antwerp. Honorary Doctors.
- 102.Ministerie van de Vlaamse Gemeenschap, Departement Cultuur, Jeugd en Media. Algemene culturele verdienste 2019, Luc Tuymans. 18 February 2020.
- 103.Staff writer. Boek '10 Jaar Cultuurprijs KU Leuven'. KU Leuven. 2002.
- 104.TWO x TWO for AIDS and Art, Dallas. Honoree: Luc Tuymans. 2013.
- 105.Ilegems, Danny. Kunstenares Carla Arocha kijkt met bang hart naar situatie in haar geboorteland. De Morgen. Antwerpen: DPG Media nv/. 22 February 2019.
- 106.21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art, Kanazawa. Luc Tuymans.
- 107.Albright Knox Museum. Luc Tuymans, Belgian, born 1958.
- 108.The Art Institute of Chicago. Luc Tuymans.
- 109.The Broad Museum. By Luc Tuymans in the Collection.
- 110.FRAC Auvergne. Tuymans.
- 111.Dallas Museum of Art. Luc Tuymans.
- 112.De Pont Museum. Luc Tuymans Mortsel België 1958, woont en werkt in Antwerpen.
- 113.Philadelphia Museum of Art. La personne Luc Tuymans – Centre Pompidou. FRAC Auvergne.
- 114.Friedrich Christian Flick Collection. Luc Tuymans.
- 115.Marcel Broodthaers and Luc Tuymans in the Serralves Collection, From 13 Oct. 2018 to 11 Nov. 2018.
- 116.The Israel Museum, Jerusalem. Nuclear Plant.
- 117.Mu.ZEE Kunstmuseum aan zee. Tuymans, Luc (°Mortsel, 1958).
- 118.Luc Tuymans – Kunstmuseum Wolfsburg. Luc Tuymans.
- 119.Los Angeles County Museum of Art. Luc Tuymans: LACMA Collections.
- 120.Musée d'Arts de Nantes. Musée d'arts : Accueil, Résultats Navigart.
- 121.M HKA Museum of Contemporary Art Antwerp. Luc Tuymans.
- 122.The Museum of Modern Art. Luc Tuymans: MoMA.
- 123.Philadelphia Museum of Art.
- 124.Pinakothek der Moderne. Luc Tuymans.
- 125.San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. Luc Tuymans · SFMOMA.
- 126.S.M.A.K. Stedelijk Museum voor Actuele Kunst. Werk 'Body' van Luc Tuymans uit S.M.A.K.-collectie nu te zien in Venetië. S.M.A.K.
- 127.Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum. Fruit Picnic. 25 July 2013.
Bibliography printed in the source article · 1
- Taschen. Art Now. 316–319. 2005. 9783822840931.
References
Citations
References
Each reference names the institution holding it, so a reader may go to the document itself.
reference work
Partially resolvedauthority file
Gemeinsame Normdatei 16021158-X, Ausstellung Ende von Luc Tuymans (2007 : Bremerhaven).Deutsche Nationalbibliothek
Partially resolvedauthority record
Partially resolved
A further 1 witness is held back from this article because the person or object named in it is not yet resolved to this record. They are kept, not discarded, and return once the identity is established.
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Knowledge graph
People, houses and institutions
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Genre
1- Conceptual artTerminology
Established from a fact already recorded on a verified source.
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