Irma Brandeis
Irma Brandeis (1905–1990) was an American scholar of Dante Alighieri. Her work The Ladder of Vision was acclaimed as a breakthrough in Dantean studies upon its publication in the 1960s. Brandeis graduated from Barnard College in 1926.
Irma Brandeis
- Name
- Irma Brandeis
- Born
- 1905
- Died
- 1990
- Education
- Barnard College
- Occupation
- Dante scholar
- Nationality
- United States
- Fields
- Italian literature
- Known for
- The Ladder of Vision
- Languages
- English · Italian
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wikidata · Q3802063 · wikipedia · Irma Brandeis
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Institutions cited
Bibliothèque nationale de France
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Biography
Biography
In her visits to Italy between 1933 and 1939 Brandeis became acquainted with the poet Eugenio Montale and was the inspiration for the metaphysical figure "Clizia" in his poetry, a coded senhal particularly prominent in his second book, Le Occasioni (The Occasions). The love story is narrated in Montale's posthumous book Lettere a Clizia (A. Mondadori, Milan 2006). Despite significant coverage in the literary press of the 1980s of her "Clizia" identity, Brandeis declined to clarify the nature of her relationship to Montale or discuss her possible significance in his work (particularly in poems she had helped translate). Brandeis was also a close friend of the poet James Merrill, who funded in her memory the Irma Brandeis Professorship of Romance Cultures and Literature at Bard College (where Brandeis taught from 1944 until her semi-retirement in 1979). Merrill wrote in his 1993 memoir A Different Person about his unsuccessful efforts to encourage reconciliation between Brandeis and Montale late in life. In a memorial tribute to Brandeis (not published until 2004), Merrill wrote of contacting Brandeis through a Ouija board after her death, and finding her happily reunited "in a manner of speaking" with Montale. United States Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis was the second cousin of Brandeis' father.
Irma Brandeis studied at Barnard College. The recorded working language is English and Italian. The field of work recorded is Italian literature. Charles Singleton is recorded as an influence. Employment is recorded with Bard College and Sarah Lawrence College. Works named in the authority record are The Ladder of Vision.
Key facts
Key facts
• Name — Irma Brandeis • Born — 1905 • Died — 1990 • Education — Barnard College • Occupation — Dante scholar • Employer — Bard College
Documentary record
Irma Brandeis, born on 3 February 1905 and died on 29 January 1990 in Annandale-on-Hudson, New York., is documented in the authority records of the Bibliothèque nationale de France. Both events are recorded by the Bibliothèque nationale de France.
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New York City.
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New York.
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The biographical narrative on this page is based on the Wikipedia article Irma Brandeis, revision 1336603151 (EN edition), by its contributors. VALÉORINE has edited that text and built its own documentary record around it. The reused material is available under CC BY-SA 4.0, and this page's reuse of it is offered under the same licence. Everything else on this page — the chronology, the holdings, the evidence, the plates and the connections — is VALÉORINE's own record. Sources and licences.
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The Encyclopedia exists whether or not anything is for sale. Corrections are recorded rather than overwritten, and every version of this record is kept. Published 21 August 2026.
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