Christopher Ries

Ries worked across glass artist and sculptor. This article rests on 1 published texts and 37 scholarly references drawn from named institutional registers. Every statement below returns to a source shown in the evidence panel; where the record is silent or divided, the article says so instead of resolving it.

• Name — Christopher Ries • Born — 1952 • Birthplace — Columbus, Ohio • Field — Glass art • Training — Ohio State University, BFA University of Wisconsin, Madison, MFA Misericordia University, Doctor of Humane Letters • Website — http: www.christopherries.com/

• Illustration — Christopher Ries with father Raymond at his childhood home Christopher Ries was born to florists Raymond and Mildred Ries and was raised in a log cabin on a farm near Columbus, Ohio. As a young adult he expressed an interest in art and ceramics. Throughout high school he produced pottery in a makeshift studio in his parents’ root cellar. In 1971 he matriculated to Ohio State University to pursue a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in ceramics. He soon became more interested in the glass used to glaze pottery than the pottery itself. In order to explore glass as a medium for artistic expression, he built what became The Ohio State University's first glass studio and served as its first instructor. Ries spent the next several years blowing glass and investigating glass types, chemical compositions, and properties. During his senior year at The Ohio State University, Ries attended a guest lecture given by Harvey Littleton. Littleton was struck by Ries's accomplishments as both a glass artist and teacher, and asked Ries to become his research assistant at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Ries accepted the offer and enrolled at the institute the following autumn. Ries spent the next two years under the mentorship of Littleton. Ries's interest in glass's optical properties grew, and began carving cold glass instead of blowing hot glass. Tools to sculpt large blocks of glass weren't available at the time, so Ries independently developed much of the equipment he needed during his spare time. He graduated the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1978 with a master's degree in fine arts and returned to Columbus. He lives with four of his children, Banks, Chase, Catherine and Caroline.

After graduating the University of Wisconsin–Madison, Ries spent several years searching for the ideal glass to be used in sculpture. Ries's search ended when he discovered the lead crystal manufactured by Schott Optical (now Schott North America). For the next two years he regularly travelled to Duryea, Pennsylvania, to purchase pieces of cullet from Schott. He would then sculpt, carve, and polish these pieces in his studio in Columbus. As Ries's technique developed, Dr. Franz Herkt, president of Schott Optical, invited Ries to work with the company as an independent contractor with the title Artist in Residence. Ries accepted the distinction and in 1986 signed an agreement which allowed him to work within the Duryea facility. He created a body of work which Schott and Ries co-produced and co-owned. Ries also established a private studio in Tunkhannock, Pennsylvania, which he has used to explore concepts in glass and occasionally other media including wood and paint. Most of the masterworks Ries produced at the Schott facility were modeled after forms created at his private studio. Ries's relationship with Schott continued until a fire destroyed his on-site studio on 3 March 2015. Production of large Ries studio work has ceased and is not expected to resume. His private studio in Tunkhannock, Pennsylvania is still operational.

• Illustration — Ries with raw block of optical crystal at Schott Optical Ries's sculptures are noted for their changing internal optical compositions and technical proficiency. Ries's primary medium is clear lead crystal, a glass with an unusually high refractive index, extreme light transmission in the visual range, and outstanding homogeneity. These qualities enable Ries to create the optical effects found within his work. Ries begins with large blocks of optical glass and reduces them to the desired form by cutting, carving, grinding, and polishing them. His larger sculptures are taken from source material that can weigh over 4,000 pounds, and the process of reducing and polishing can take as much as a year. Ries's Opus was at the time of its creation the world's largest monolithic glass sculpture. It weighs nearly 1,500 lb and was sculpted from a 3,000 lb block of glass. One of Ries's most famous works, the 1,100 lb Sunflower IV, took four months to anneal and required a further 1,800 estimated hours to carve. Contemporary critics have noted Ries's unique ability to exploit glass's optical properties for artistic expression. James Yood, professor of contemporary art theory and criticism at Northwestern University, called Ries's work "an art of such suggestiveness and finesse, of ceaseless transition and surprise that it constitutes one of the most intriguing exercises in the poetics of optics anywhere in contemporary art." Ries himself characterizes his work as a "vessel for light," noting that "all that we know about the universe, the composition of the stars, and the distances within the universe is studied through light...It is the one medium that gathers, focuses, amplifies, transmits, filters, diffuses and reflects it. It is the quintessential medium for light. I see it all on a symbolic level."

• Illustration — Sunflower • Illustration — Ries with Embrace at Schott

• Arizona • University of Arizona, Tucson • Florida • Tampa Museum of Art, Tampa • University of Central Florida, Orlando • Indiana • Indianapolis Museum of Art, Indianapolis • Louisiana • New Orleans Museum of Art, New Orleans • Minnesota • Mayo Clinic, Rochester • New Mexico • Wilford Gallery, Santa Fe • Lannan Foundation, Santa Fe • New Jersey • Museum of American Glass, Millville • New York • Corning Museum of Glass, Corning • Ohio • Riverside Medical Hospital, Columbus • Port Columbus International Airport, Columbus • Columbus Museum of Art, Columbus • American Ceramic Society, Westerville • Toledo Museum of Art, Toledo • Pennsylvania • National Liberty Museum, Philadelphia • Everhart Museum, Scranton • Governor's residence, Harrisburg

Christopher Ries is recorded with the occupation glass artist. Recorded as a citizen of United States. Established in Library of Congress under no2002012267. Established in RKDartists under 321433. Established in FAST under 474624.