Charles Follen McKim

• Name — Charles Follen McKim • Born — 24 August 1847 • Birthplace — Chester County, Pennsylvania, U.S. • Died — 14 September 1909 • Place of death — St. James, New York, U.S. • Education — École des Beaux-Arts Harvard University • Occupation — Architect • Notable Works — Columbia University, University Club of New York, New York Penn Station, Morgan Library, Boston Central Library • Movement — Beaux-Arts architecture

McKim was born in Chester County, Pennsylvania. His parents were James Miller McKim, a Presbyterian minister, and Sarah Speakman McKim. They were active abolitionists and he was named after Charles Follen, another abolitionist and a Unitarian minister. After attending Harvard University, he studied architecture at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris before joining the office of Henry Hobson Richardson in 1870. McKim formed his own firm in partnership with William Rutherford Mead, joined in 1877 by fellow Richardson protégé Stanford White. • Illustration — The Morgan Library McKim Building in New York City For ten years, the firm became primarily known for their open-plan informal summer houses. McKim became best known as an exponent of Beaux-Arts architecture in styles of the American Renaissance, exemplified by the Boston Public Library (1888–95), and several works in New York City. Among his New York City works were the Morningside Heights campus of Columbia University (1893, including Low Memorial Library), the University Club of New York clubhouse (1899), the Pierpont Morgan Library (1903–06), New York Penn Station (1904–10), and the Butler Institute of American Art in Youngstown, Ohio (1919). He also designed the Howard Mansion (1896) at Hyde Park, New York, and the Bowdoin College Museum of Art (1894) in Brunswick, Maine. McKim, with the aid of Richard Morris Hunt, was instrumental in the formation of the American School of Architecture in Rome in 1894, which has become the American Academy in Rome, and designed the main campus buildings with his firm McKim, Mead, and White. McKim first married Annie Bigelow in 1874, and after divorcing Bigelow, married Julia Amory Appleton in 1885. McKim died at age 62 in St. James, New York on September 14, 1909.

McKim was a member of the Congressional commission for the improvement of the Washington, D.C., park system, the New York Art Commission, the Accademia di San Luca (Rome, 1899), the American Academy in Rome and the Architectural League. He was an honorary member and former president of the American Institute of Architects, and honorary member of the Society of Mural Painters. He became a National Academician in 1907. He belonged to the university, Lambs, and Racquet and Tennis Clubs of New York, and to the St. Botolph and Somerset Clubs of Boston.

McKim received numerous awards during his lifetime, including the Medaille d'Or at the 1900 Paris Exposition and a gold medal from Edward VII of the United Kingdom. The royal gold medal from Edward VII was awarded for the restoration of the White House. In 1902 Congress appropriated $475,445 for this purpose to be spent at the discretion of President Theodore Roosevelt. He received honorary doctorates from the University of Pennsylvania and Columbia University, and the honorary degree of A.M. from Harvard in 1890, and from Bowdoin in 1894. He was elected a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects in 1877, and received the AIA Gold Medal, posthumously, in 1909.