AK-630

The weapon's primary purpose is defense against aircraft and helicopters. The AK-630 is intended to be used against ships and other small craft, coastal targets, and floating mines. Once operational, the system was rapidly adopted and installed in every new Soviet warship (from mine-hunters to aircraft carriers) with up to eight units on larger vessels; hundreds have been produced in total.

• Name — AK-630 • Origin — Soviet Union, Russia • Type — Close-in weapon system Rotary cannon • Is Ranged — YES • Is Explosive — YES • Is Artillery — YES • Is Vehicle — YES • Service — 1976–present • Used By — See Operators • Designer — Developer: TsKIB SOO (Mikhail Knebelman; Vasily Bakalev (AK-630M1-2)) Cannon: KBP Instrument Design Bureau (Vasily Gryazev, Arkady Shipunov) Fire control system: Zavod Topaz (V. P. Yegorov): Vympel MR-123, Vympel-A MR-123/176 Ametist Design Bureau: Vympel-AM MR-123-02/MR-123-03, Vympel-AME MR-123-02/176 • Design Date — 1963–1973 (AK-630) 1983–1989 (1993) (AK-630M1-2) • Manufacturer — *Tulamashzavod Gun and Shell Factory • Advanced Weapons and Equipment India • Production Date — 1972–present • Number — More than 1000 • Variants — AK-630M, AK-630M1; AK-306 (non-CIWS); AK-630M1-2, AK-630M-2 Duet • Weight — Gun Mount: 1000 kg (AK-630) 1800 kg (AK-630M) 2500 kg (AK-630M-2) External nodes: 800 kg (AK-630) 2000 rounds in belt: 1918 kg Fire Control System:? (Vympel MR-123)? (Vympel-A MR-123/176) 5.2 tonne (Vympel-AM MR-123-02/MR-123-03 and Vympel-AME MR-123-02/176) 1 tonne (Laska 5P-10E) • Part Length — 1629 mm (total) 1460 mm (rifled) • Width — 1240 mm (mount ring) • Height — 1070 mm (above deck) 2050 mm (below deck) • Crew — 1 • Cartridge — HEI-Frag, Frag-T • Cartridge Weight — 0.39 kg • Caliber — 30×165mm AO-18 • Barrels — 6 (AK-630M) 6 (× 2) (AK-630M1-2) • Action — Gas-operated rotary cannon • Rate — 4,000–5,000 rounds/min (AK-630M) 10,000 rounds/min (AK-630M1-2) • Velocity — 880 – • Range — 4000 m (aerial) 5000 m (maritime) 5000 m (all, AK-630M-2) • Max Range — Projectiles self-destruct past 5000 m • Feed — Belt:

It is reported that Gun and Shell Factory makes the AK-630 in India. During the Russo-Ukrainian War, the AK-630 was installed on trucks.

• Illustration — MR-123 fire-control radar on the The complete weapon system is called A-213-Vympel-A, which comprises the AK-630M Gun Mount, MR-123-02 Fire-Control Radar System, and SP-521 Electrical-Optical Tracker. A single MR-123 radar system (NATO Reporting Name: Bass Tilt) can simultaneously control two guns, either two 30 mm gun mounts, or two 57 mm gun mounts, or one 30 mm gun and one 57 mm gun. The radar system can engage aerial and surface targets at 4 and respectively. The electro-optical system can detect a MiG-21–sized aerial target 7 km away, while torpedo boat–sized surface targets can be detected at a range of up to 70 km. Features include surveillance and tracking modes, high jamming immunity, laser range finder and TV optical sight. It is in operation on almost all Russian navy ships from fast attack boats to the. The gun mount is fully automated, and can also be remotely controlled by an operator from either the control console or via a remotely mounted gunsight. It has a higher firing rate than both the Goalkeeper and Phalanx (Block 1 and older) CIWS models. They are often mounted in pairs, with as many as four pairs mounted on the larger ships, providing an effective point defence (last) layer. However, like all gun-based CIWS, they suffer from short engagement times and the need for multiple volleys to effectively eradicate a threat.

The AK-630 CIWS has several versions and sometimes the Kashtan CIWS's sub-systems and its derivatives are also included.

The design of the AK-630 CIWS was initiated in 1963, with the first operational prototype completed in 1964. Trials of the complete system, including radar and controls went on until 1976 when the system was accepted for service.

During the deployment of the system, numerous problems that did not appear in trials were exposed in its application, and some modification of the original AK-630 was made to correct these problems, and in 1979, the new system was named as AK-630M and was accepted into service.

A derivative of AK-630M was developed for light craft and this system was named as AK-306. Externally, the air-cooled AK-306 can be distinguished from the AK-630 by the absence of the water cooling system (a cylindrical jacket that surrounds the barrel cluster of the AK-630). Internally, the AK-306 (A-219) used electricity to power the automatics, instead of using the exhaust. This version also lacked radar control, being only optically guided, hence making it less of an anti-missile weapon and more of a surface-to-surface weapon, and the designation of the overall system is consequently changed from A-213-Vympel-A to A-219. The design started in 1974 and the system was accepted into service in 1980. When production was completed in 1986, 125 systems were in service.

In 1983, a decision was made to update the design and modify the AK-630 system to include a second gun mounted above the first, which provides 10,000 rpm in total. The AK-630M1-2 "Roy" was roughly the same size and weight allowing installation in existing AK-630 mounts. Though the system proved to be successful, the AK-630M1-2 Roy was not accepted for production due to the maturity of a combined missile and gun system, then designated the 3M87 Kortik, but later called Kashtan. The single example of AK-630M1-2 Roy remains installed on the Project 206.6 class missile boat # P-44.

In July 2007 at IMDS-2007, a modernized version of the AK-630M1-2 called AK-630M2 with two AO-18KD rotary cannons was showcased by OAO AK Tulamashzavod under the new name "Duet". Visually "Duet" differs from "Roy" in having a new mount with a stealthy low RCS design compared with the more traditional rounded AK-630 mounts. In 2012 it was announced that the new Ivan Gren-class landing ship would be armed with the modified AK-630M2 system. It is also used by the Buyan-M-class missile corvette.

H/PJ-13 is the Chinese upgraded version of AK-630M. The most obvious visual difference between AK-630 and its Chinese cousin H/PJ-13 is that the latter has a stealth turret. Instead of MP-123-02 fire-control radar originally used on AK-630M, a modified version of Type 347 radar is used. The original electro-optical system of AK-630M is also replaced by domestic Chinese system ZGJ-1B, and the fire control system is replaced by domestic Chinese ZFJ-1A fire control system. To improve its anti-missile capability, Chinese have also developed APDS round for H/PJ-13 to supplement/replace the original high explosive round of the AK-630M.

The Kamand is an Iranian CIWS based on AK-630 to counter anti-ship missiles and low flying aircraft. The Kamand gun system is able to hit airborne targets at a range of two kilometres firing projectiles at a rate of 4,000 to 7,000 rounds per minute. The said system is installed on some Iranian naval ships like Alborz and Sahand frigates.

Comparison of some modern CIWS • Russia AK-630 — Russia AK-630M1-2 — United States Phalanx CIWS — Netherlands Goalkeeper CIWS — Italy DARDO • Weight — 9114 kg — 11819 kg — 6,200 kg (13,700 lb, incl. in-built radars) — 9902 kg — 5500 kg • Armament — 30 mm 6-barrel GSh-6-30 rotary cannon — 2 × 30 mm 6-barrel GSh-6-30 rotary cannon — 20 mm 6-barrel M61 Vulcan rotary cannon — 30 mm 7-barrel GAU-8 rotary cannon — 40 mm 2-barrel Bofors 40 mm • Rate of Fire — 5,000 rounds per minute — 10,000 rounds per minute — 4,500 rounds per minute — 4,200 rounds per minute — 600/900 rounds per minute (optionally: proximity-fuse rounds) • (effective/ flat-trajectory) Range — 4000 m — 4000 m — 2600 m — 3500 m — 4000 m • Ammunition storage — 2,000 rounds — 4,000 rounds — 1,550 rounds — 1,190 rounds — 736 rounds • Muzzle velocity — 900 m per second — 900 m per second — 1100 m per second — 1109 m per second — 1000 m per second • Elevation — −12 to +88 degrees — −25 to +90 degrees — −25 to +85 degrees — −25 to +85 degrees — −13 to +85 degrees • Traverse — ±180 degrees — ±180 degrees — ±150 degrees — 360 degrees — 360 degrees

• Illustration — Operators:

• Algeria on Steregushchy-class corvette • Bulgaria • Cameroon • People's Republic of China • Croatia • Cuba • Egypt • India • Indonesia • Iran • Greece • Kazakhstan • Kenya • Myanmar • North Korea • Pakistan • Poland • Romania • Russia • Ukraine • Vietnam • Yemen

• East Germany • Germany • Soviet Union • Slovenia