Yaacov Agam

Yaacov Gibstein (later Agam) was born in Rishon LeZion, Mandatory Palestine to Yehoshua Gibstein and Kendel Yokheved Gibstein (née Powembrowski). His father was a rabbi and a kabbalist. Both parents originally hailed from Augustów, Russian Poland. As a child, Agam learned in heder. Agam trained at the Bezalel Academy of Art and Design in Jerusalem, where he was the student of Mordecai Ardon (1896–1992). In 1946, as an adolescent, he was arrested by British security forces as part of the Black Sabbath mass roundups, and spent several months in the Latrun detention camp. In 1949, he relocated to Zurich, Switzerland, where he studied under Johannes Itten (1888–1967) at the Kunstgewerbe Schule. Agam was influenced by the painter and sculptor Max Bill (1908–1994). In 1951, Agam moved to Paris, France, where he resided for the next few decades.

Agam's first solo exhibition was at the Galerie Craven, Paris, in 1953, and he exhibited three works at the 1954 Salon des Réalités Nouvelles and at the Le Mouvement exhibition at the Galerie Denise René, Paris, in 1955. His work typically consists of abstract, kinetic art, that incorporates movement, viewer participation and the frequent use of light and sound. Many of his pieces are installed in prominent public places. His best-known works include Double Metamorphosis III (1965), Visual Music Orchestration (1989), the fountain at the La Défense district in Paris (1975), the Fire and Water Fountain at Dizengoff Square in Tel Aviv (1986), and his design for the antechamber of President Georges Pompidou's private apartments at the Élysée Palace (1972–1974), which is now housed at the Centre Pompidou. Agam was also known for a type of print referred to as "Agamograph", which uses barrier-grid animation to present radically different images, depending on the angle from which it is viewed. The lenticular technique was executed in large scale in the 30 ft (9.1 m) square "Complex Vision" (1969), mounted on the facade of the Callahan Eye Foundation Hospital in Birmingham, Alabama. In 1972, Agam had a retrospective exhibition in Paris at the Musée National d'Art Moderne and at the Guggenheim Museum in New York City in 1980, among others. His works are held in numerous museum collections, including the Museum of Modern Art and the Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum. Agam was the subject of two 20th-century documentary films by American filmmaker Warren Forma: Possibilities of Agam (1967), and Agam and... (1980). Agam designed and created the winner's trophy for the 1999 Eurovision Song Contest that was held in Jerusalem. In 2009, at age 81, Agam created Peaceful Communication with the World, a monument for the World Games in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. It consists of nine 10 m (33 ft) high hexagonal pillars positioned in a rhomboid formation. The sides of the pillars are painted in different patterns and hues. One of Agam's more notable creations is the menorah placed at the corner of Fifth Avenue and 59th Street in New York City during the celebration of the Jewish holiday of Hanukkah, sponsored by the Lubavitch Youth Organization. The 32 ft (9.8 m) high, gold colored, 4,000 lb (1,800 kg) steel structure is recognized by the Guinness Book of World Records as the "world's largest Hanukkah menorah". In May 2014, Agam's piece Faith- Visual Pray was presented to Pope Francis by El Al Israel Airlines's president, David Maimon. The piece included significant symbols of both Jewish and Christian faiths. Agam's work commands the highest prices of any Israeli artist. In a Sotheby's New York auction in November 2009, when his 4 Themes Contrepoint was sold for $326,500, he said: "This does not amaze me … my prices will go up, in keeping with the history I made in the art world". In 2018, the Yaacov Agam Museum of Art (YAMA) opened in the artist's hometown of Rishon LeZion, Israel. Agam told the Jerusalem Post that it is "the only museum in the world that is dedicated to art in motion."

Agam was married to Clila, who died aged 49. Agam dedicated to her the 20 "Pillars of Clila" that stand outside the Yaacov Agam Museum of Art in Rishon LeZion. They had three children together, the eldest being Ron Agam (born 1958), who is also an artist and is based in New York City. Agam's second wife was the French harpist Chantal Thomas d'Hoste, who survived him. Agam's brother, Hanania, served as mayor of Rishon LeZion.