Roberto Fernández Retamar
Roberto Fernández Retamar (9 June 1930 – 20 July 2019, Havana) was a Cuban poet, essayist, literary critic and President of the Casa de las Américas. In his role as President of the organization, Fernández also served on the Council of State of Cuba. An early close confidant of Che Guevara and Fidel Castro, he was a central figure in Cuba from the 1959 Revolution until his death in 2019.
Also recorded as Roberto Fernandez Retamar
Roberto Fernández Retamar
- Born
- 1930. · Havana.
- Died
- 2019. · Havana.
- Nationality
- Cuba.
- Occupation
- poet, essayist, literary critic, cultural activist, politician, university teacher, literary scholar and writer.
- Honours
- Ordre des Arts et des Lettres and National Prize for Literature.
- Languages
- Spanish.
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Documentary summary
Roberto Fernández Retamar (9 June 1930 – 20 July 2019, Havana) was a Cuban poet, essayist, literary critic and President of the Casa de las Américas. In his role as President of the organization, Fernández also served on the Council of State of Cuba. An early close confidant of Che Guevara and Fidel Castro, he was a central figure in Cuba from the 1959 Revolution until his death in 2019.
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wikidata · Q1067549 · wikipedia · Roberto Fernández Retamar
In this article
On Caliban
On Caliban
Fernández also wrote over a dozen major collections of verse and founded the Casa de las Americas cultural magazine. Professor Joao Cesar Castro de Rocha, at the University of Manchester has described Retamar as "one of the most distinguished Latin American intellectuals of the twentieth century." In 1989, he was awarded the National Prize for Literature, Cuba's national literary award and most important award of its type.
Responding to the arielismo of José Enrique Rodó, who used the Shakespearean character Caliban as a metaphor for Latin American civilisation, Retamar in 1971 influentially set up instead Caliban as a symbol of the Cuban people, stating that: "Our symbol is not Ariel, as Rodó thought, but Caliban….I know no other metaphor more expressive of our cultural situation, of our reality".
Works
Works
• Poetry • Elegía como un himno, Havana, 1950 • Patrias. 1949-1951, Havana, 1952 • Alabanzas, conversaciones. 1951-1955, Mexico, 1955 • Vuelta de la antigua esperanza, Havana, 1959 • En su lugar, la poesía, Havana, 1959 • Con las mismas manos. 1949-1962, Havana, 1962 • Historia antigua, Havana, 1964 • Poesía reunida. 1948-1965, Havana, 1966 • Buena suerte viviendo, Mexico, 1967 • Que veremos arder, havana, 1970. Published in Spain with the title Algo semejante a los monstruos antediluvianos • A quien pueda interesar (Poesía 1958-1970), Mexico • Cuaderno paralelo, Havana, 1973 • Circunstancia de poesía, Buenos Aires, 1974 • Revolución nuestra, amor nuestro, Havana, 1976 • Palabra de mi pueblo. Poesía 1949-1979, Havana, 1980 • Circunstancia y Juana, México, 1980 (consta de Circunstancia de poesía y Juana y otros poemas personales) • Juana y otros poemas personales, Managua, 1981 • Poeta en La Habana, Barcelona, 1982 • Hacia la nueva, Havana, 1989 • Hemos construido una alegría olvidada. Poesías escogidas (1949-1988), Madrid, 1989 • Mi hija mayor va a Buenos Aires, Havana, 1993 • Algo semejante a los monstruos antediluvianos. Poesías escogidas 1949-1988, Havana, 1994 • Las cosas del corazón, Havana, 1994 • Una salva de porvenir, Matanzas, Cuba, 1995 • Aquí, Caracas, 1995 • Esta especie de poema. Antología poética, Puerto Rico, 1999 • Versos, Havana, 1999. • Felices los normales. Poesías escogidas 1994-1999, Mexico, 2002. • De una pluma de faisán. Poetas en mis poemas, Córdoba (Spain), 2004. • Antología personal, Mexico, 2004. • Nuestro fuego, Lima, 2006. • Cinco poemas griegos, Havana, 2006. • Lo que va dictando el fuego, Caracas, 2008. • Conversa. Antoloxía 1951-1996, Vigo, 2009. • Nosotros los sobrevivientes. Antología poética, Santiago de Chile, 2010. • Vuelta de la antigua esperanza, Havana, 2010. • Una salva de porvenir. Nueva antología personal, Buenos Aires, 2012. • Circonstances de la poésie, París, 2014. • Historia antigua, Havana, 2015. • Essay • La poesía contemporánea en Cuba. 1927-1953, Havana, 1954 • Idea de la estilística, Havana, 1983 • Papelería, Universidad Central de Las Villas, 1962 • Ensayo de otro mundo, Havana, 1967 • Introducción a Cuba. Historia, Havana, 1968 • Calibán, Mexico, 1971 • El son de vuelo popular, Havana, 1972 • Lectura de Martí, Mexico, 1972 • Para una teoría de la literatura hispanoamericana, Havana, 1975 • Acerca de España. Contra la Leyenda Negra, Medellín, 1977 • Introducción a José Martí, Havana, 1978 • Algunos problemas teóricos de la literatura hispanoamericana, Cuenca, 1981 • Para el perfil definitivo del hombre (prólogo de Abel Prieto), Havana, 1981 • Entrevisto, Havana, 1982 • José Martí: semblanza biográfica y cronología mínima (con Ibrahím Hidalgo Paz), Havana, 1982 • Naturalidad y modernidad en la literatura martiana, Montevideo, 1986 • Algunos usos de civilización y barbarie, Buenos Aires, 1989 • Ante el Quinto Centenario, 1992 • José Martí. La encarnación de un pueblo, Buenos Aires, 1993 • Cuando un poeta muere, Matanzas, Cuba, 1994 • Nuestra América: cien años, y otros acercamientos a Martí, Havana, 1995 • Cuba defendida, Havana, 1996 • Recuerdo a, Havana, 1998 • La poesía, reino autónomo, Havana, 2000
Identity
Identity
Roberto Fernández Retamar is recorded with the occupation university teacher. Recorded with the occupation cultural activist. Recorded with the occupation literary critic. Recorded as having received Ordre des Arts et des Lettres and National Prize for Literature. The authorities additionally record the heading Roberto Fernandez Retamar.
Life and career
Dated record
Life and career
The full dated record · 2 entries
1930
Roberto Fernández Retamar was born on 9 June 1930.
2019
Roberto Fernández Retamar died on 10 July 2019.
Primary material
Documents and archives
authority record
- Wikidata, structured authority record Q1067549: Roberto Fernández Retamar
General reference · Wikidata
reference work
- “Roberto Fernández Retamar”, English Wikipedia, consulted as further reading
Reputable secondary · Wikipedia
Citations
References
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Secondary witnessreference work
Secondary witness
The Encyclopedia exists whether or not anything is for sale. Corrections are recorded rather than overwritten, and every version of this record is kept. Published 17 August 2026.
Elsewhere in Books
39,529 published records in this field, each with its sources named.
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