Richard Wurmbrand

After serving a total of fourteen years, he was ransomed for $10,000. His colleagues in Romania urged him to leave the country and work for religious freedom from a location less personally dangerous. After spending time in Norway and England, he and his wife Sabina, who had also been imprisoned, emigrated to the United States. They dedicated the rest of their lives to publicizing and helping Christians who are persecuted for their beliefs. Wurmbrand founded Voice of the Martyrs, a Christian human rights NGO, to aid the persecuted Church. He wrote more than 18 books, the most widely known being Tortured for Christ and Answer to Moscow's (Atheist) Bible. Variations of his works have been translated into more than 38 languages.

• Honorific Prefix — The Reverend • Name — Richard Wurmbrand • Born — 24 March 1909 • Birthplace — Bucharest, Romania • Died — 17 February 2001 • Place of death — Torrance, California, United States • Occupation — Priest, professor • Church — Church of England (1938-1940) Church of Norway (1940-1944) Lutheran Church of Romania (1944-1948) • Writings — Tortured for Christ and others

Wurmbrand, the youngest of four boys, was born in 1909 in Bucharest in a Jewish family. He lived with his family in Istanbul for a short while, his father died when he was 9, and the Wurmbrands returned to Romania when he was 15. As an adolescent, he travelled to Moscow to study Marxism for a few months. Pursued by Siguranța Statului (the royalist secret police), he was arrested and held in Doftana Prison. When returning to his mother country, Wurmbrand was already an important Comintern agent, leader, and coordinator directly paid from Moscow. Like other Romanian Communists, he was arrested several times, then sentenced and released again. He married Sabina Oster on 26 October 1936. Their son Michael was born in 1941. Wurmbrand and his wife (known as Bintzea to her friends) converted to Christianity in 1938 due to the witness of Christian Wolfkes, a Romanian Christian carpenter and his wife; they joined the Anglican Church's Ministry among Jewish people (CMJ UK). Wurmbrand was ordained twice - first as an Anglican, then, after World War II, as a Lutheran priest. In 1944, when the Soviet Union occupied Romania as the first step to establishing a communist regime, Wurmbrand began a ministry to his Romanian countrymen and to Red Army soldiers; the Socialist Republic of Romania had a doctrine of state atheism. When the government attempted to control churches, he immediately began an "underground" ministry to his people. Wurmbrand was a professor in the only Lutheran seminary in his country. Though a devout Lutheran priest, Wurmbrand was highly ecumenical in that he worked with Christians of many denominations. Wurmbrand is remembered for his courage in standing up in a gathering of church leaders and denouncing government control of the churches. He was arrested on 29 February 1948, while on his way to a Divine Service.

• Illustration — Wurmbrand in prison Wurmbrand, who passed through the penal facilities of Pitești, Craiova, Gherla, the Danube–Black Sea Canal, Văcărești, Malmaison, Cluj and ultimately Jilava, where he spent three years in solitary confinement. This confinement was in a cell twelve feet (3.65 meters) underground, with no lights or windows. There was no sound because even the guards wore felt on the soles of their shoes. He later recounted that he maintained his sanity by sleeping during the day, staying awake at night, and exercising his mind and soul by composing and then delivering a sermon each night. Due to his extraordinary memory, he was able to recall more than 350 of those, a selection of which he included in his book With God in Solitary Confinement, which was first published in 1969. During part of this time, he later wrote about communicating with other inmates by tapping out Morse code on the wall. In this way he continued to "be sunlight" to fellow inmates rather than dwell on the lack of physical light. Wurmbrand was released from his first imprisonment in 1956, after eight and a half years. Although he was warned not to preach, he resumed his work in the underground church. He was arrested again in 1959 and sentenced to 25 years. During his imprisonment, he was beaten and tortured. He stated that his physical torture included mutilation, burning and being locked in a large frozen icebox. His body bore the scars of physical torture for the rest of his life. For example, he later recounted having the soles of his feet beaten until the flesh was torn off, then the next day beaten again to the bone, claiming there were not words to describe that pain. During his first imprisonment, Wurmbrand's supporters were unable to gain information about him; later they found out that a false name had been used in the prison records so that no one could trace his whereabouts. Members of the Secret police visited Sabina posing as released fellow prisoners. They claimed to have attended her husband's funeral. During his second imprisonment, his wife Sabina was given official news of his death, which she did not believe. Sabina herself had been arrested in 1950 and spent three years in penal labour on the Danube–Black Sea Canal 2025. Sabina's autobiographical account of this time is titled The Pastor's Wife. Their only son, Mihai, by then a young adult, was expelled from college-level studies at three institutions because his father was a political prisoner; an attempt to obtain permission to emigrate to Norway to avoid compulsory service in the Romanian army was unsuccessful. Eventually, Wurmbrand was a recipient of an amnesty in 1964. Concerned with the possibility that Wurmbrand would be forced to undergo further imprisonment, the Norwegian Mission to the Jews and the Hebrew Christian Alliance negotiated with Communist authorities for his release from Romania for $10,000 (though the going rate for political prisoners was $1,900). He was convinced by underground church leaders to leave and become a voice for the persecuted church. He devoted the rest of his life to this effort, despite warnings and death threats. He was a friend of Costache Ioanid, the Romanian Christian poet.

• Tortured for Christ - Docudrama. • Richard and Sabina Wurmbrand - documentary DVD. • Torchlighters: The Richard Wurmbrand Story - animated DVD for children 8–12. • Tortured for Christ - The Nazi Years - Docudrama. • Sabina:Tortured For Christ: The Nazi Years - Docudrama

The authorities additionally record the heading Nicolai Ionescu. His recorded languages were Romanian, German, English and Russian. His recorded confession was Lutheranism.

Richard Wurmbrand worked in Lutheranism, Protestant church, theology and literary activity. He belonged to Voice of the Martyrs and Church's Ministry Among Jewish People. He worked at Romania.

Richard Wurmbrand is recorded as preacher, writer, dissident, pastor and theologian.

• Wurmbrand, Richard (1967). Tortured for Christ. Living Sacrifice book co.