Philippe Soupault
Illustration — Portrait of Philippe Soupault by Robert Delaunay (1922) Philippe Soupault (2 August 1897 – 12 March 1990) was a French poet, novelist, critic, and political activist, born in Chaville. He was active in Dadaism and later was instrumental in founding the Surrealist movement with André Breton. Soupault initiated the periodical Littérature together with writers Breton and Louis Aragon in Paris in 1919, which, for many, marks the beginnings of Surrealism.
Also recorded as Philippe Souplault · Philippe Verneuil · Phillipe Soupault · Phillipe Soupalt
Philippe Soupault

Robert Delaunay · Own work, 7 July 2012 · Public domain
- Full name
- Marie Ernest Philippe Soupault.
- Born
- 1897 · Chaville.
- Died
- 1990 · 16th arrondissement of Paris.
- Nationality
- France
- Occupation
- journalist · poet · writer · playwright · librettist · political activist · novelist · essayist
- Fields
- poetry · prose · literary criticism · journalism
- Movements
- surrealism · Dada
- Known for
- Les Champs Magnétiques
- Honours
- Grand prix de littérature de la SGDL · Grand Prix de Poésie · Saint-Simon Award · Grand prix national des Lettres
- Languages
- French · German
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Illustration — Portrait of Philippe Soupault by Robert Delaunay (1922) Philippe Soupault (2 August 1897 – 12 March 1990) was a French poet, novelist, critic, and political activist, born in Chaville. He was active in Dadaism and later was instrumental in founding the Surrealist movement with André Breton. Soupault initiated the periodical Littérature together with writers Breton and Louis Aragon in Paris in 1919, which, for many, marks the beginnings of Surrealism.
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gnd · 16025606-9 · wikidata · Q336467 · wikipedia · Philippe Soupault
In this article
Biography
Biography
The first book of automatic writing, Les Champs magnétiques (1920), was co-authored by Soupault and Breton.
The recorded working language is French and German. The field of work recorded is poetry, prose and literary criticism. Subjects and genres recorded for the work are poetry and essay. Guillaume Apollinaire is recorded as an influence. Employment is recorded with Swarthmore College. Works named in the authority record are Les Champs Magnétiques. Work by Philippe Soupault is recorded in the collections of J. Paul Getty Museum. Distinctions recorded are Grand prix de littérature de la SGDL, Grand Prix de Poésie, Saint-Simon Award and Grand prix national des Lettres.
In 1922 he was asked to reinvent the literary magazine Les Écrits nouveaux, for which he also created an editorial board. In 1927 Soupault, with the help of his then wife Marie-Louise, translated William Blake's Songs of Innocence and of Experience into French. The next year, Soupault authored a monograph on Blake, arguing the poet was a "genius" whose work anticipated the Surrealist movement in literature. In 1933 at a reception at the Soviet Embassy in Paris, he met Ré Richter, and they decided to do some travel reportage together. Ré Richter's photographs, taken with her 6x6 Rolleiflex, were to be published alongside Philippe Soupault's literary texts. In the following years, the two of them continued in the same vein, travelling to Germany, Switzerland, England, Scandinavia and Tunisia. They married in 1937 and separated after the end of the war; he moved back to Europe, and she remained in New York for some time. Soupault directed Radio Tunis from 1937 until 1940, when he was arrested by the pro-Vichy regime. After imprisonment by the Nazis in Tunis during World War II, he and his wife fled to Algiers. From there, they traveled to the United States. He took a teaching position at Swarthmore College, but returned subsequently to France in October 1945. His works include large volumes of poetry such as Aquarium (1917) and Rose des vents (Compass Card) (1919), and the novel Les Dernières Nuits de Paris (1928; translated as Last Nights of Paris, 1929). In 1957, he wrote the libretto for Germaine Tailleferre's opera La Petite Sirène, based on Hans Christian Andersen's tale "The Little Mermaid". The work was broadcast by French Radio National in 1959. Soupault died in Paris in 1990.
Poetry
Poetry
• Aquarium (1917) • Rose des vents (1919) • Les Champs magnétiques with André Breton (1919) • Westwego (1922) • Georgia (1926) • Il y a un océan (1936) • Ode to the Bombed London / Odes à Londres bombardée (1944). Bilingual edition, trans. Norman Cameron • Odes 1943-1946 (1946) • L’Arme secrète (1946) • Message de l'île déserte (1942-1944) (1947) • Chansons (1949) • Sans phrases (1953) • Arc-en-ciel (1979) • Poèmes retrouvés 1918-1981 (1982) • Poèmes et Poésies (1987)
Novels and novellas
Novels and novellas
• Le Bon Apôtre (1923) • Les Frères Durandeau (1924) • Voyage d'Horace Pirouelle (1925). The Voyage of Horace Pirouelle, trans. Justin Vicari (Wakefield Press, 2023) • Le Nègre (1927) • Les Dernières Nuits de Paris (1928). Last Nights of Paris, trans. William Carlos Williams (Macaulay Company, 1929) • Le Grand Homme (1929) • Les Moribonds (1934)
Essays
Essays
• William Blake (1928). William Blake, trans. J. Lewis May (John Lane, 1928) • Profils perdus (1963). Lost Profiles: Memoirs of Cubism, Dada, and Surrealism, trans. Alan Bernheimer (City Lights, 2016)
Autobiographical writings
Autobiographical writings
• L’Invitation au suicide (1921) • Le Temps des assassins (1945). Age of Assassins: The Story of Prisoner No. 1234, trans. Hannah Josephson (Knopf, 1946) • Mémoires de l'oubli (1914-1923) (1981) • Mémoires de l'oubli (1923-1926) (1986) • Mémoires de l'oubli (1927-1933) (1997)
Compilations in English
Compilations in English
• I'm Lying: Selected Translations of Philippe Soupault, trans. Paulette Schmidt (Lost Roads, 1985) • Philippe Soupault: Poetry, Prose, and Interviews, trans. Gregg Ellis (Serving House Books, 2025)
Identity and origins
Identity and origins
He also worked under the name Philippe Verneuil. The authorities additionally record the headings Philippe Souplault, Philippe Verneuil, Phillipe Soupault and Phillipe Soupalt. His recorded languages were French and German. He was the child of Maurice Soupault. He married Ré Soupault, Marie-Louise Soupault and Suzanne Pillard.

From left to right, Back row: Louis Aragon, Theodore Fraenkel, Paul Eluard, Emmanuel Faÿ (brother of Bernard Faÿ). Second row: Paul Dermée, Philippe Soupault, Georges Ribemont-Dessaignes. Front row: Tristan Tzara (with monocle), Celine Arnauld, Francis Picabia, André Breton.
Anonymous Unknown author · [1]
Life and career
Dated record
Life and career
The full dated record · 2 entries
1897
Philippe Soupault born at Chaville.
1990
Philippe Soupault died at 16th arrondissement of Paris.
Places
Named by the record
Places
Only places the record itself states, plotted where the house gazetteer settles their coordinates. Nothing is inferred from a name or a nationality.
Chaville.
Birth place
16th arrondissement of Paris.
Death place
Legacy
In 1990, the year Soupault died, Serbian rock band Bjesovi recorded their version of his poem Georgia in Serbian. Soupault's short story "Death of Nick Carter" was translated by Robin Walz in 2007, and published in issue 24 of the McSweeney's Quarterly. In 2016, City Lights Bookstore published a book of his essays entitled Lost Profiles: Memoirs of Cubism, Dada, and Surrealism as translated by Alan Bernheimer.
Primary material
Documents and archives
scholarly publication
- Philippe Soupault essayiste, Présence de Philippe Soupault, 1999
Scholarly · Crossref registry · 1999
reference work
- “Philippe Soupault”, English Wikipedia, consulted as further reading
Reputable secondary · Wikipedia
authority record
- Wikidata, structured authority record Q336467: Philippe Soupault
Unverified · Wikidata
References
Citations
References
Each reference names the institution holding it, so a reader may go to the document itself.
scholarly publication
Philippe Soupault essayiste, Présence de Philippe Soupault, 1999Crossref registry
Verifiedreference work
Partially resolvedauthority record
Unverified
A further 1 witness is held back from this article because the person or object named in it is not yet resolved to this record. They are kept, not discarded, and return once the identity is established.
Further particulars
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Further particulars
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Philippe Soupault worked in poetry, prose, literary criticism, journalism and translation. His work is associated with surrealism and Dada. He was employed by Swarthmore College. Soupault received Grand prix de littérature de la SGDL, Grand Prix de Poésie, Saint-Simon Award and Grand prix national des Lettres.
Career and activity
Recognition and collections
Work by Philippe Soupault is
J. Paul Getty Museum
The Encyclopedia exists whether or not anything is for sale. Corrections are recorded rather than overwritten, and every version of this record is kept. Published 14 August 2026.
Elsewhere in Books
38,661 published records in this field, each with its sources named.
- Philippe QuinaultAuthor
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- PhilippidesAuthor
- Philippine EngelhardAuthor
- Philippus van LimborchAuthor
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