Owen Bradley

At the same time, Bradley led a dance band that enjoyed popularity in local society circles. In 1947, Bradley was hired by the head of Decca Records' country music division, Paul Cohen, to assist with recording sessions and later establish the label's operations in Nashville. In 1954, Bradley established Bradley Studios, later commonly known as the Quonset Hut Studio, which was the first music industry-related business in what is now known as Music Row, and helping establish Nashville as a recording industry center. In 1958, Bradley became vice president of Decca's Nashville division. This period marked the beginning of the Nashville sound, a movement that aimed to broaden country music's appeal by incorporating pop elements. Bradley's work extended to producing records for artists like Patsy Cline and Loretta Lynn, playing a key role in their career successes. Bradley sold Bradley Studios to Columbia Records in 1962, and two years later established Bradley's Barn, a new recording studio that continued to attract a range of recording artists. He was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 1974, reflecting his impact on the industry. Bradley's later years saw him working on selected projects, including k.d. lang's Shadowland album. Bradley's contributions have been recognized with various honors, including the dedication of a public park and a bronze likeness in Nashville. His legacy in the music industry is marked by his role in shaping the Nashville sound and influence on several generations of musicians.

• Name — Owen Bradley • Birth Name — William Owen Bradley • Born — 21 October 1915 • Birthplace — Westmoreland, Tennessee, U.S. • Died — 7 January 1998 • Place of death — Nashville, Tennessee, U.S. • Instrument — Piano • Genre — Country • Occupation — * Musician • record producer • recording studio founder • songwriter • radio director • radio and TV producer • arranger • Years Active — 1935–1980 • Label — Decca Records • Past Member Of — * Ernest Tubb • Chet Atkins • Bob Ferguson • Burl Ives • Red Foley • Kitty Wells • Patsy Cline • Brenda Lee • Loretta Lynn • Conway Twitty • Moon Mullican • Paul Cohen

Bradley was born in Westmoreland, Tennessee on October 21, 1915, and grew up in Nashville, Tennessee. His father was Vernon Bradley, and his mother was Letha Maie Owen. By the time he was fifteen he had learned to play several instruments and was playing piano in local nightclubs and roadhouses.

In 1935 at the age of 20, Bradley got a job at radio station WSM, home of the Grand Ole Opry, where he worked as a musician and arranger. In 1942, he became WSM's musical director, and was also the leader of a sought-after dance band that played society parties all over Nashville. That same year Bradley co-wrote Roy Acuff's hit "Night Train to Memphis". His involvement with his dance band continued until 1964, though in the intervening decades, his work as a producer would far overshadow his career as a performer and band leader. In 1947, Bradley was hired by the head of Decca Records' country music division, Paul Cohen. Bradley worked as a music arranger and songwriter during the Castle Studio recording sessions of some of the biggest talents of the day, including Ernest Tubb, Burl Ives, Red Foley and Kitty Wells. He produced both Foley's 1950 hit "Chattanoogie Shoe Shine Boy" and Wells' 1952 hit "It Wasn't God Who Made Honky Tonk Angels", along with hits by Bill Monroe and Webb Pierce. Noting Bradley's studio skills, Cohen later utilized Bradley to open Decca's Nashville offices. In the early 1950s, Owen and his brother Harold, seeking to capitalize on the rising popularity of television, experimented with assembling a production studio, eventually establishing a studio near 21st Avenue South in the Hillsborough Village area, where they produced industrial films for Genesco and others. When Cohen told Bradley that he was considering moving Decca's country headquarters to Dallas, where Jim Beck had a recording studio, Bradley offered to build a new Nashville studio. • Illustration — Owen Bradley's Quonset Hut Studio console In 1954, Bradley and his brother purchased a house at 804 16th Avenue South in Nashville for $7500 and remodeled it to create Music City Recording, the first recording studio in what would become Music Row. They bought an Army surplus Quonset hut and attached it to the back of the house to use as a sound stage for filming musical performances, and changed the studios' name to Bradleys' Film & Recording Studios in 1957, though it was commonly referred to as the "Quonset hut studio." The Bradleys produced several Country Style, USA film programs in the Quonset hut studio, but the demand for recording music in the Quonset hut (which was much larger than the house's basement studio) eventually overtook the Bradley's film production business, Bradley's studio was an instant success, recording hits by several Decca artists as well as hits for Capitol, Columbia, MGM, and other record labels. The studios' success spurred RCA Victor to build its RCA Studio B, and a handful of other record labels and music publishers soon followed, setting up shop on what would eventually become known as Music Row. In 1958, Bradley succeeded Cohen as head of Decca's Nashville division, and began pioneering what would become the "Nashville Sound".

Country music had long been looked on as unsophisticated and folksy, and was largely confined to listeners in the less affluent small towns of the American South and Appalachia. In the late 1950s, Bradley's home base of Nashville was positioning itself to be a center of the recording industry, and not just the traditional home of the Grand Ole Opry. Developed with the contributions of Owen Bradley's crew of hand-picked musicians, including Harold Bradley, Grady Martin, Bob Moore, Hank Garland and Buddy Harman, known collectively as Nashville's "A-Team". The success of Bradley and his contemporaries infused hokey melodies with more refined lyrics, and blended them with a refined pop music sensibility to create the "Nashville Sound", known later as "countrypolitan". Light, easy listening piano (as popularized by Floyd Cramer) replaced the clinky honky-tonk piano (ironically, one of the artists Bradley would record in the 1950s was honky tonk blues singer pianist, Moon Mullican - the Mullican sessions produced by Bradley were experimental in that they merged Moon's original blues style with the emerging Nashville Sound stylings). Lush string sections took the place of the mountain fiddle sound; steel guitars and smooth backing vocals rounded out the mix. Regarding the Nashville sound, Bradley stated, "Now we've cut out the fiddle and steel guitar and added choruses to country music. But it can't stop there. It always has to keep developing to keep fresh."

The singers Bradley produced made unprecedented headway into radio, and artists such as Kitty Wells, Patsy Cline, Brenda Lee, Loretta Lynn, Lenny Dee, and Conway Twitty became household names. Rock and Roll singers such as Buddy Holly and Gene Vincent also recorded with Bradley in his Nashville studio. Bradley often tried to reinvent older country hitmakers; as previously mentioned, he tried to update Moon Mullican's sound and produced one of Moon's best performances "Early Morning Blues" where the blues and the Nashville sound complement each other surprisingly well. Also, he produced Bill Monroe in both bluegrass and decidedly non-bluegrass settings (Monroe's covers of Jimmie Rodgers' "Caroline Sunshine Girl" and Moon Mullican's "Mighty Pretty Waltz", for example, feature a standard country band rather than bluegrass). Many older artists recognized they needed to change as they saw former pure honky tonk singer, Jim Reeves, blend his own style with the newer styles with great success. However, not everyone was as successful as Reeves or Patsy Cline in these transformations. In addition to his production, Bradley released a handful of instrumentals under his own name, including the minor 1958 hit "Big Guitar".

• Illustration — Owen Bradley's final studio Bradley sold The Quonset Hut Studio to Columbia Records and bought a farm outside of Nashville in Mount Juliet, Tennessee in 1961, converting a barn into a demo studio which he named Bradley's Barn. Within a few years, Bradley's Barn became a popular recording venue in country music circles. The Beau Brummels paid tribute to the studio, through titling their 1968 album Bradley's Barn. The studio burned to the ground in 1980, but Bradley rebuilt it within a few years in the same location.

Owen Bradley is recorded as record producer, songwriter, musician and bandleader.