Kozma Prutkov
Illustration — Kozma Prutkov satirised imperial bureaucrats Kozma Petrovich Prutkov is a fictional author invented by Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy (1817-1875) and his cousins, the brothers Alexei Zhemchuzhnikov (1821–1908), Vladimir Zhemchuzhnikov (1830–1884) and Alexander Zhemchuzhnikov (1826–1896), during the later part of the rule (1825–1855) of Emperor Nicholas I of Russia. The four distinguished satirical poets used this pseudonym as a collective pen-name to publish parody aphorisms, fables, and epigrams, as well as satiric, humorous and nonsense verses in the 1850s and 1860s, most notably in the literary magazine Sovremennik (The Contemporary). According to the (fictional) Biographical data on Kozma Prutkov, Prutkov, allegedly born on April 11, 1803, died on January 13, 1863.
Kozma Prutkov

Wikimedia Commons · Public domain
- Died
- 1863. · Saint Petersburg.
- Nationality
- Russian Empire.
- Occupation
- poet, hussar, writer and historian.
- Languages
- Russian.
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Documentary summary
Illustration — Kozma Prutkov satirised imperial bureaucrats Kozma Petrovich Prutkov is a fictional author invented by Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy (1817-1875) and his cousins, the brothers Alexei Zhemchuzhnikov (1821–1908), Vladimir Zhemchuzhnikov (1830–1884) and Alexander Zhemchuzhnikov (1826–1896), during the later part of the rule (1825–1855) of Emperor Nicholas I of Russia. The four distinguished satirical poets used this pseudonym as a collective pen-name to publish parody aphorisms, fables, and epigrams, as well as satiric, humorous and nonsense verses in the 1850s and 1860s, most notably in the literary magazine Sovremennik (The Contemporary). According to the (fictional) Biographical data on Kozma Prutkov, Prutkov, allegedly born on April 11, 1803, died on January 13, 1863.
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wikidata · Q1784989 · wikipedia · Kozma Prutkov
In this article
Quotations
Quotations
He worked for the government of the Russian Empire his entire adult life, and in 1820 entered military service as a hussar only for the uniform. He worked at the Assay Office (Пробирная Палата) from 1823 until his death, ending up as its director.
These are some of the best-known and most cited quotations from Prutkov: • "Throwing pebbles into the water, look at the ripples they form on the surface. Otherwise this activity will be an empty amusement." • "If you have a fountain, shut it down. Let even a fountain have a rest." • "If you see a "buffalo" sign on an elephant's cage, do not trust your eyes." • "If ever asked: What's more useful, the sun or the moon, respond: The moon. For the sun only shines during daytime, when it's bright anyway, whereas the moon shines at night." • This aphorism is usually associated with Mullah Nasruddin. • "If you want to be happy, be so." • Frequently misattributed to Count Leo Tolstoy. • "If you want to be handsome, enroll in the Hussars." • "How pathetic is any constitution at sight of well-kept ammunition!" • "Even an oyster has enemies" • Often quoted as "Even oysters have enemies" • E.g. Barbara Heldt Monter: Kozma Prutkov - the Art of Parody. Mouton 1973, p. 58 or Jack Nicholson at the 2010 AFI Life Achievement Award ceremony for Mike Nichols (without naming the author Kozma Prutkov) • (Original Russian: И устрица имеет врагов! - No. 86 in: Плоды раздумья - Мысли и афоризмы), ru.wikisource.) • "One cannot hatch the same egg twice." • "Many things are incomprehensible to us, not because our concepts are weak, but because these things are not in the circle of our concepts."
Life and career
Dated record
Life and career
The full dated record · 2 entries
1803
Kozma Prutkov born at Solvychegodsky Uyezd.
1863
Kozma Prutkov died at Saint Petersburg.
Places
Named by the record
Places
Only places the record itself states, plotted where the house gazetteer settles their coordinates. Nothing is inferred from a name or a nationality.
Solvychegodsky Uyezd.
Birth place
Saint Petersburg.
Death place
Primary material
Documents and archives
scholarly publication
- MOTIFS OF THE WISDOM LITERATURE IN THE APHORISMS BY KOZMA PRUTKOV, Русская литература / Russian literature, 2025
Scholarly · Crossref registry · 2025
Institutional database
- Wikidata, structured authority record Q1784989: Kozma Prutkov
Scholarly · Wikimedia Foundation
reference work
- “Kozma Prutkov”, English Wikipedia, consulted as further reading
Reputable secondary · Wikipedia
References
Citations
References
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scholarly publication
MOTIFS OF THE WISDOM LITERATURE IN THE APHORISMS BY KOZMA PRUTKOV, Русская литература / Russian literature, 2025Crossref registry
Institutional witnessInstitutional database
Wikidata, structured authority record Q1784989: Kozma PrutkovWikimedia Foundation
Institutional witnessreference work
Secondary witness
People, houses and institutions
Knowledge graph
People, houses and institutions
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Died at
1- Saint PetersburgPlace
Established from a fact already recorded on a verified source.
The Encyclopedia exists whether or not anything is for sale. Corrections are recorded rather than overwritten, and every version of this record is kept. Published 18 August 2026.
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