Kim Kardashian
Kimberly Noel Kardashian (born October 21, 1980) is an American media personality, socialite, and businesswoman. She first gained media attention in 2007 following the unauthorized release of a sex tape with American singer Ray J. Afterwards, she and her family began to appear on the E! reality television series Keeping Up with the Kardashians. The show aired until 2021, and its success led to the formation of several spin-offs before its revival in the form of Hulu's The Kardashians (2022–present) as part of her and her family's multi-year deal with the streaming service.
Kim Kardashian

Eva Rinaldi · CC BY-SA 2.0
- Born
- 1980.
- Nationality
- United States.
- Occupation
- fashion designer, socialite, blogger, entrepreneur, actor, television producer and voice actor.
VALÉORINE Encyclopedia
VALÉORINE documentary reading
Documentary summary
Kimberly Noel Kardashian (born October 21, 1980) is an American media personality, socialite, and businesswoman. She first gained media attention in 2007 following the unauthorized release of a sex tape with American singer Ray J. Afterwards, she and her family began to appear on the E! reality television series Keeping Up with the Kardashians. The show aired until 2021, and its success led to the formation of several spin-offs before its revival in the form of Hulu's The Kardashians (2022–present) as part of her and her family's multi-year deal with the streaming service.
Admitted source layer · organised and presented by VALÉORINE
Note VALÉORINE
No house-authored Note is published until its assertions and sources pass the VALÉORINE evidence contract. The documentary article remains available in full while that enrichment is being consolidated.
Documentary enrichment in progress · no unsupported statement published
Reference Check
Propose documentary evidence for Kim Kardashian. A contribution is never written directly as fact: identity, source, rights and evidence gates still decide.
Sign in to contribute
Documentary evidence
Evidence Panel
not yet certified
- Identity
- resolved
- Independent source families
- 0
- Admitted assertions
- 0
- Open conflicts
- 0
Authority files
wikidata · Q186304 · wikipedia · Kim Kardashian
In this article
Early life and background
Early life and background
Kardashian founded KKW Beauty and KKW Fragrance in 2017, both of which operated until 2022; the former was valued at over US$1 billion in 2021. She founded the shaping underwear and foundation garment company Skims in 2019, which is valued at over US$4 billion as of 2023. Kardashian founded her skincare line, SKKN by Kim, in 2022. She has released a variety of products tied to her name, including the 2014 mobile game Kim Kardashian: Hollywood, the 2015 photo book Selfish, and the 2015 emoji app Kimoji. Her acting credits include the films Disaster Movie (2008), Temptation: Confessions of a Marriage Counselor (2013), two PAW Patrol films (2021 and 2023), the twelfth season of the anthology horror series American Horror Story (2023–2024), and the legal drama series All's Fair (2025–present). Time magazine included Kardashian on their list of 2015's 100 most influential people. She was named among Fortune magazine's Most Powerful Women in the world in 2023. Both critics and admirers have described Kardashian as exemplifying the notion of being famous for being famous. She first appeared on Forbes's annual billionaires list in 2021; as of June 2026, she is estimated to be worth US$1.9 billion. Kardashian has become more politically active by lobbying for prison reform and clemency, and, in 2025, completed a four-year law apprenticeship that allows her to sit for the California Bar Exam, which she did not pass.
Kimberly Noel Kardashian was born on October 21, 1980, in Los Angeles, California, to Robert and Kris Kardashian (née Houghton). She has an older sister, Kourtney, a younger sister, Khloé, and a younger brother, Rob. Their mother is of Scottish and Dutch ancestry, while their father is of Armenian descent. In 1991, their parents divorced and their mother married Caitlyn Jenner, the 1976 Summer Olympics decathlon winner then known as Bruce. As a result of her mother's remarriage, Kim Kardashian acquired stepbrothers Burt, Brandon, and Brody; stepsister Casey; and, later, two half-sisters, Kendall and Kylie Jenner. Kardashian attended Marymount High School, a Roman Catholic all-girls school in Los Angeles. In 1994, her father represented football player O. J. Simpson during his murder trial. Simpson was Kardashian's godfather. Kardashian's father died in 2003 of cancer. In her teenage years, Kardashian was a close friend of Nicole Richie and Paris Hilton, through whom she first garnered media attention. After she totaled her car at age 16, her father agreed to buy her a new one on the condition that she agree to be responsible for paying all expenses related to any future damages. She subsequently began working at Body, a local clothing store in Encino, an affluent Los Angeles neighborhood, where she worked for four years, assisting in the opening of the Calabasas location. In 2000, after entering into her first marriage, she resigned.
Beginnings (2003–2006)
Beginnings (2003–2006)
By 2003, Kardashian was working as a personal stylist to the R&B singer and actress Brandy, the sister of Ray J. Later, the siblings' mother (and manager) Sonja Norwood, alleged that in 2004 she had authorized Kardashian to make "one and only one" purchase on her American Express credit card and that nevertheless Kardashian and her sisters Khloé and Kourtney had incurred over $120,000 in unauthorized charges to that card. Norwood also alleged that the bulk of the charges were attributable to purchases made at Kardashian's family-owned boutique in 2006 and 2007, after Kardashian was no longer employed by Norwood's daughter. Norwood further alleged that, at the request of her children, she did not file criminal charges, instead presenting her allegations personally to Kardashian, and that Kardashian apologized and promised to repay the debt. In 2008, when no payments had been made, Norwood filed a lawsuit. Kardashian has denied all these allegations. In 2009, the parties reportedly reached a confidential settlement and the lawsuit was dismissed. In 2006, Kardashian began working as a stylist for Paris Hilton, a childhood friend of hers. She appeared in several episodes of the reality series The Simple Life and was frequently photographed accompanying Hilton to events and parties. Sheeraz Hasan, a PR strategist working with Hilton, had previously met Kardashian and her mother Kris Jenner in 2005, and stated in a 2020 20/20 television special that Kardashian was "ready to do whatever it takes" to create a successful brand. Rick Mendozza, a freelance photographer on assignment for the tabloid TMZ, remarked in the same interview that, when Kardashian accompanied Hilton to nightclub Hyde, which was a Hollywood hotspot at the time, he continued to get assignments from tabloids to get photographs of Kardashian for the next three years. In 2021, Kardashian said that Hilton "literally gave me a career. And I totally acknowledge that."
Breakthrough (2007–2010)
Breakthrough (2007–2010)
In February 2007, a sex tape made by Kardashian and singer Ray J in 2003 was leaked on the internet and gained national attention. Kardashian filed a lawsuit against Vivid Entertainment for distributing the film as Kim Kardashian, Superstar. She dropped the suit 3 months later and settled for a reported US$5 million, giving Vivid permission to market and sell copies of the tape. Sales from the film reportedly generated nearly US$1.5 million in revenue in the first six weeks. Several media outlets later criticized her and her family for using the sex tape's release as a publicity stunt to promote their forthcoming reality show. In October 2007, Kardashian and her mother Kris Jenner, her step-parent Caitlyn Jenner (then Bruce Jenner), her siblings Kourtney, Khloé, and Rob Kardashian, and half-sisters Kendall and Kylie Jenner, began to appear in the reality television series Keeping Up with the Kardashians. The series proved successful for E!, and led to the creation of a number of spin-offs, including Kourtney and Kim Take New York and Kourtney and Kim Take Miami. The flagship series concluded in June 2021 after 294 episodes. Kardashian posed in a nude pictorial for the December 2007 issue of Playboy, and appeared on the cover of the November 2010 issue of Romanian Playboy, promoting a pictorial titled "Poezia Unui Fund Bombat" (The Poetry of a Bulging Ass). She made her feature film debut, opposite Carmen Electra, in the disaster film spoof Disaster Movie (2008), in which she appeared as a character named Lisa. In 2008, she was a participant on season seven of Dancing with the Stars, where she was partnered with Mark Ballas. She was the third contestant to be eliminated. In September 2009, Fusion Beauty and Seven Bar Foundation launched "Kiss Away Poverty", with Kardashian as the face of the campaign. For each LipFusion lipgloss sold, US$1 went to the Foundation to fund women entrepreneurs in the United States. In October, she launched her first fragrance, self-titled "Kim Kardashian". That year, she also released a workout DVD series, became a guest host–judge of WrestleMania XXIV on America's Next Top Model, and guest-starred in How I Met Your Mother, Beyond the Break, and CBS's CSI: NY. By 2010, Kardashian had ventured into several new endorsement deals, including endorsing various food products for Carl's Jr. On July 1, 2010, the New York City branch of Madame Tussauds revealed a wax figure of Kardashian. Kim, Kourtney, and Khloé wrote an autobiography titled Kardashian Konfidential, which was released in stores on November 23, 2010, and appeared on New York Times's Best Seller List. In December 2010, she filmed a music video for a song titled "Jam (Turn It Up)". The video was directed by Hype Williams; Kanye West makes a cameo in the video. Kardashian premiered the song during a New Year's Eve party at TAO Las Vegas on December 31, 2010. The song was produced by The-Dream and Tricky Stewart. When asked if an album was in the works, Kardashian replied, "There's no album in the works or anything—just one song we did for Kourtney and Kim Take New York, and a video Hype Williams directed, half of the proceeds we're giving away to a cancer foundation, because The-Dream's and one of my parents passed away from cancer. It's just all having fun—with a good cause". Jim Farber, writing for the Daily News, called the song a "dead-brained piece of generic dance music, without a single distinguishing feature", and suggested that the single made Kardashian the "worst singer in the reality TV universe". In 2010, Kardashian also served as producer for The Spin Crowd, a reality television show about a New York City public relations firm run by Jonathan Cheban and Simon Huck, appeared on season ten of The Apprentice, and guest starred with Khloé and Kourtney as themselves on the season three premiere episode of the series 90210.
Continued exposure (2011–2016)
Continued exposure (2011–2016)
In 2011, Kardashian released her third fragrance, "Gold", as well as a novel, Dollhouse, along with sisters Kourtney and Khloé. In 2012, E! renewed Keeping Up with the Kardashians for two additional seasons, in a deal reported to be worth $50 million. That year, Kardashian released her fourth fragrance, "True Reflection", which she worked with the company Dress for Success to promote, and her fifth fragrance, "Glam", which was made available through Debenhams. In Temptation: Confessions of a Marriage Counselor (2013), a romantic drama produced, written, and directed by Tyler Perry, Kardashian obtained the role of the co-worker of an ambitious therapist. While the film was a moderate box office success, with a worldwide gross of US$53.1 million, critical response was negative and Kardashian won the Razzie Award for Worst Supporting Actress. Kardashian released Kim Kardashian: Hollywood, a mobile game for iPhone and Android, in June 2014. The objective of the game is to become a Hollywood star or starlet. The game supports a free-to-play model, meaning the game is free to download, but charges for in-game items. It was a hit, earning US$1.6 million in its first five days of release. In July, developer Glu Mobile announced that the game was the fifth highest earning game in Apple's App Store. She voiced an alien in the September 21, 2014, episode of the adult animated series American Dad!. Kardashian appeared on the cover and in a pictorial in Paper's winter 2014 issue, photographed by Jean-Paul Goude. On the cover, her nude buttocks are featured above the caption: "Break the Internet", which generated considerable comment in both social and traditional media. A Time magazine writer commented that, unlike previous celebrities' nudes that represented the women's rebellion against repressed society and "trying to tear down" barriers, Kardashian's exhibition was "just provocation and bluster, repeated images that seem to offer us some sort of truth or insight but are really just self serving. We want there to be something more, some reason or context, some great explanation that tells us what it is like to live in this very day and age, but there is not. Kim Kardashian's ass is nothing but an empty promise." However, the stunt "set a new benchmark" in social media response, and Paper's website received 15.9 million views in one day, compared with 25,000 views on an average day. Kardashian released a portfolio book called Selfish, a 325-page collection of self-taken photos of herself, in May 2015. It received positive reviews from critics, with Kat Brown of The Telegraph describing it as "unexpectedly revealing" and "oddly moving". That year, she was also the cover model for the August issue of Vogue Spain, and released an emoji pack for iOS devices called Kimoji. The app was a best-seller, becoming one of the top 5 most bought apps in its first week of release. By November 2016, as per CBC Marketplace and interviews with celebrity endorsement experts, Kardashian was reportedly paid at least US$300,000 for each post that she made on Instagram, Facebook and Twitter, endorsing beauty products like waist trainers, teeth whiteners as well as Coca-Cola and well-known charities. Business Insider later estimated her fee to be around US$720,000 per Instagram post. Even though engagement data indicates that her posts are worth slightly less, her regular features in the news allow her to demand a premium above any calculated Instagram sponsored post price.
KKW Beauty, KKW Fragrances, and Skims (2017–2019)
KKW Beauty, KKW Fragrances, and Skims (2017–2019)
With sisters Kourtney and Khloé, she launched the fashion boutique chain Dash with an initial store in Calabasas, California. The chain operated between 2006 and 2018. In 2017, Kardashian launched both her beauty and fragrance lines, KKW Beauty and KKW Fragrance. Kardashian and Laverne Cox co-executive produced the Lifetime reality competition series, Glam Masters, which premiered in February 2018. The eight-episode series revolved around aspiring beauty bloggers who competed for the title of "Glam Master"; prizes for the winner included collaborating with Kardashian on a makeup line for KKW Beauty and the opportunity to join her "glam squad". Kardashian and the series' winner, Argenis Pinal teamed up on an eyeshadow sticks line for KKW Beauty, named "Créme Color Sticks". She made a cameo appearance in the heist film Ocean's 8, which was released on June 8, 2018. Kardashian's next project was the hidden camera-prank reality series, You Kiddin' Me. Co-executive produced by Kardashian and Lionsgate Television, the web series premiered on Facebook Watch in September 2018. She appeared alongside her sisters and mother Kris Jenner in the premiere episode of the series. In November, Kardashian and Kris appeared in the NBC special, A Legendary Christmas with John and Chrissy. In May 2019, Kardashian appeared in the music video for DJ duo Dimitri Vegas & Like Mike and Paris Hilton's single, "B.F.A. (Best Friend's Ass)". After announcing a new range of shapewear called Kimono in June, Kardashian was heavily criticized over the name of the brand, which critics argued disrespected Japanese culture and ignored the significance behind the traditional outfit. Following the launch of the range, the hashtag #KimOhNo began trending on Twitter and the mayor of Kyoto wrote to Kardashian to ask her to reconsider the trademark on Kimono. In response to public pressure, she announced that she would change the name. However, Japanese trade minister Hiroshige Seko stated that he would still be dispatching patent officials for a meeting at the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, and that Japan would keep an eye on the situation. In August 2019, she rebranded the shapewear company to the name "Skims". Co-founded by Kardashian, Swedish entrepreneur Jens Grede, and British businesswoman Emma Grede, Skims launched the following month as a DTC operation via its webstore and shortly after, was made available via multiple retail websites. The brand has been recognized and praised for its inclusive sizing and apparel shades; its celebrity branding—including musicians, actors, and athletes—has received significant media attention and achieved prominence in popular culture. Since its launch, Skims has expanded to a variety of loungewear, swimwear, activewear, women's apparel, menswear, and unisex clothing. In February 2020, the brand entered its first retail partnership with luxury store chain Nordstrom. Starting in 2021, it has opened various pop-up stores in the United States, Europe and Asia. Beginning in 2024, Skims has opened several retail stores across the US and the UK, with 22 outlets in the former. Under a deal, it provided Team USA-branded athleisure to the US Olympics team's female athletes at the 2020 Summer Olympics and Paralympics. This partnership continued with multiple iterations of the Winter Olympics, the Summer Olympics, and the Paralympics throughout the 2020s decade. 2022 Winter Olympics, the 2024 Summer Olympics and Paralympics, and the 2026 Winter Olympics and four capsule collections released in collaboration with the US Winter and Summer Olympics delegations. Skims has released collaborations with various brands and fashion houses including Fendi, Dolce & Gabbana, Roberto Cavalli, Swarovski, and The North Face. In 2023, it entered a multiyear partnership as the official underwear partner of the NBA, WNBA, and USA Basketball. In 2025, the company and Nike introduced an activewear brand named NikeSkims—a joint operation. For her work on Skims, Kardashian received the Brand Innovator award at the 2021 WSJ. Innovator Awards and the Innovation Award at the 2023 CFDA Awards. The company appeared in Time's list of 100 Most Influential Companies of 2022, and as of November 2025, is valued at US$5 billion. As of 2024, Skims has generated "around $1 billion" in net sales.
The Kardashians and acting ventures (2020–present)
The Kardashians and acting ventures (2020–present)
On April 5, 2020, the documentary Kim Kardashian West: The Justice Project premiered on Oxygen, starring and executive produced by Kardashian. It follows her journey advocating for criminal justice reform and highlights mass incarceration in the US. In September, she made a cameo appearance in the YouTube Originals documentary, This is Paris. In December 2020, it was announced that Kim, the Kardashian–Jenner sisters, and their mother Kris Jenner had signed a multi-year exclusive global content deal with Disney-owned Hulu. A reality television series titled The Kardashians premiered in April 2022, co-produced by the sisters and Kris with British production company Fulwell 73. Described as a "premium version" of Keeping Up with the Kardashians, the program had the most-watched series premiere for Hulu in its first three days in the US, and was the most-watched Star Originals series on Disney+ and Star+ across global markets. As of November 2023, it is the most watched unscripted series in Hulu history. Kardashian appeared in the Van Jones–led documentary, The First Step, which focuses on criminal justice reform; it premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival in June 2021. In July and August, she appeared in the premiere episodes of Martha Stewart's reality series, Martha Gets Down and Dirty; and Paris Hilton's cooking show Cooking with Paris, on Discovery+ and Netflix. Kardashian voiced Delores, a poodle, in the Canadian animated film PAW Patrol: The Movie, released on August 20, 2021. Courtney Howard of Variety stated that Kardashian and the supporting cast handled the film's "sillier moments". She reprised her voice role in the film's sequel, PAW Patrol: The Mighty Movie, released on September 29, 2023. In October 2021, Kardashian hosted Saturday Night Live and in her monologue, she made fun of her estranged-husband Kanye West, her mother's ex-husband Caitlyn Jenner, her sisters, O. J. Simpson, and many others. In January 2022, in a class-action lawsuit filed against the cryptocurrency company EthereumMax that alleged the company is a pump and dump scheme, Kardashian was named as a defendant, along with former professional boxer Floyd Mayweather Jr., former NBA player Paul Pierce, and other celebrities, for promoting the EthereumMax token on their various social media accounts. In October 2022, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission announced that Kardashian had agreed to pay a $1.26 million fine, to not promote cryptocurrency assets for three years, and to cooperate with an ongoing investigation without admitting or denying wrongdoing for failing to report receiving a $250,000 payment to promote the EthereumMax token. In December 2022, Central California U.S. District Court Judge Michael W. Fitzgerald dismissed the lawsuit on the basis that the claims were insufficiently supported given heightened pleading standards for fraud. In April 2022, Kardashian founded Skky Partners, a private equity firm, with a former partner of the Carlyle Group. Her mother, Kris Jenner, is also a partner at the firm. In December 2024, Kardashian stepped down as a managing partner and took on the role of senior operating advisor, whilst Jenner exited the firm. In July 2022, she made her Paris Fashion Week modeling debut on the catwalk for fashion house Balenciaga. The following month, Kardashian and Beats Electronics launched a collaborative range of true wireless earbuds in an earth tone palette inspired by her "signature minimalist style". In September, Dolce & Gabbana debuted its spring-summer 2023 collection, which Kardashian creative directed—taking after the fashion house's archive "with a retrospective of [the years 1987–2007]"—by leaning into an alter ego of "a sensual Italian mob wife". Under an exclusive deal with Spotify, she hosted and co-produced the eight-episode podcast The System: The Case of Kevin Keith with network Parcast. Premiering in October 2022, it outlines the discrepancies of Keith's case, in which he was convicted of triple homicide in 1994 in Ohio. Kardashian co-led the twelfth season of American Horror Story, subtitled Delicate, alongside Emma Roberts. Her first scripted television role, she played Siobhan Corbyn, the protagonist's best friend and publicist. The season is based on Danielle Valentine's novel Delicate Condition; it was divided into two parts, which premiered in September 2023 and April 2024 on FX. Production for the season temporarily halted due to the 2023 Hollywood strikes. Kardashian's performance received positive reviews from critics. Anthony D'Alessandro of Deadline Hollywood called her "perfect" for the role of Siobhan Corbyn; whilst Coleman Spilde of The Daily Beast found Kardashian to be "the best part" of the season. In August 2024, Kardashian signed a first-look TV deal with 20th Television to develop and produce scripted programming content. The first project under this deal is the series Group Chat, based on La La Anthony's 2014 book The Love Playbook: Rules for Love, Sex and Happiness. Intended for Hulu, Kardashian will executive produce the series alongside Kenya Barris and Anthony, the latter who will star in the project. She again collaborated with Beats Electronics to release the "Beats x Kim" collection, a trio of Beats Studio Pro headphones in nude tones. On December 23, 2024, Kardashian released a cover version of "Santa Baby", produced by her brother-in-law Travis Barker, the husband of her sister Kourtney. Her first new music release since her 2011 debut single "Jam (Turn It Up)", its accompanying music video featured a cameo appearance by Macaulay Culkin. Kardashian co-executive produced and led the legal drama series, All's Fair, created by Ryan Murphy; it premiered on November 4, 2025, on Hulu in the US and Disney+ elsewhere. She starred as Allura Grant, a divorce attorney and owner of an all-female law firm, alongside Naomi Watts, Niecy Nash-Betts, Teyana Taylor, Sarah Paulson, and Glenn Close. The series received overwhelmingly negative reviews from critics. Angie Han of The Hollywood Reporter wrote that the series was "brain dead" and described Kardashian's performance as "stiff and affectless without a single authentic note" while Ed Power of The Telegraph called the program "a crime against television". All's Fair had the most-watched scripted Hulu series premiere of the past three years prior to its debut. It was renewed for a second season. In December 2025, Kardashian and battle royale game Fortnite launched her in-game bundle of cosmetics and outfits ("skins") as part of its Icon Series. Kardashian will co-produce and star in the eponymous role—among a female ensemble cast—in the Netflix comedy film The Fifth Wheel, directed by Eva Longoria and written by Paula Pell and Janine Brito. She has committed to co-produce and star in an untitled Amazon MGM Studios thriller movie written by Natalie Krinsky "with [her] in mind". Kardashian will also co-produce Amazon MGM's untitled live-action Bratz film; she is in talks to play the film's antagonist, as of June 2025.
Persona
Persona
Much of Kardashian's public persona has been linked to her image as a glamorous socialite, fashion icon, and entrepreneur. She has often been described as embodying the archetype of the "celebutante", a celebrity known primarily for lifestyle, appearances, and media ubiquity rather than artistic output. Her image has been shaped around carefully curated aesthetics: bodycon dresses, contour makeup, high-fashion collaborations, and viral photoshoots, such as her 2014 nude Paper magazine cover, which popularized the phrase "break the internet". Writers have noted that Kardashian has used her reality show persona—at times perceived as vain or superficial—to build a multifaceted brand spanning cosmetics, shapewear, mobile apps, and fragrances.
Catchphrases
Catchphrases
Though not as tied to slogans as other reality stars, Kardashian has popularized phrases such as "break the internet" and "Bible" (used colloquially to emphasize sincerity), which have been associated with her public persona.
Media presence
Media presence
Kardashian has consistently been a fixture of global media since the 2007 debut of Keeping Up with the Kardashians. Tabloids, entertainment outlets, and online platforms have documented her relationships, fashion, and personal life, making her one of the most photographed women of the 21st century. By the mid-2010s, she was one of the most followed personalities on Instagram, with over 350 million followers as of 2025. Her online visibility has fueled the rise of influencer culture, with commentators crediting her for transforming how celebrities monetize fame. Throughout her career, Kardashian has appeared on the covers of numerous international magazines, including Vogue, Harper's Bazaar, Elle, GQ, Cosmopolitan, Adweek, C Magazine, and Paper in the United States; Glamour, and ES Magazine in the United Kingdom; Vogue in France, Italy, Turkey, and India; Vanity Fair in Spain; L'Officiel in Germany; Remix in New Zealand; and The New York Times Style Magazine in Singapore.
Relationships
Relationships
In 2000, at 19 years old, Kardashian eloped with music producer Damon Thomas. Thomas filed for divorce in 2003. Kardashian later blamed their separation on physical and emotional abuse on his part and said she was high on ecstasy during their wedding ceremony. Before her divorce was finalized, Kardashian began dating singer Ray J. Kardashian then dated Reggie Bush. Their relationship began after Matt Leinart introduced them at the 2007 ESPY Awards. They split on July 27, 2009 and got back together on September 28, 2009. Kardashian also briefly dated NFL player Miles Austin in 2010. In May 2011, Kardashian became engaged to NBA player Kris Humphries, then of the New Jersey Nets, whom she had been dating since October 2010. They were married in a wedding ceremony on August 20 in Montecito, California. Earlier that month, she had released her "wedding fragrance" called "Kim Kardashian Love" which coincided with her own wedding. A two-part TV special showing the preparations and the wedding itself aired on E! in early October 2011, amidst what The Washington Post called a "media blitz" related to the wedding. After 72 days of marriage, she filed for divorce from Humphries on October 31, citing irreconcilable differences. Several news outlets surmised that Kardashian's marriage to Humphries was merely a publicity stunt to promote the Kardashian family's brand and their subsequent television ventures. A man professing to be her former publicist, Jonathan Jaxson, also claimed that her short-lived marriage was indeed staged and a ploy to generate money. Kardashian filed a suit against Jaxson, saying his claims were untrue, and later settled the case that included an apology from Jaxson. A widely circulated petition asking to remove all Kardashian-related programming from the air followed the split. The divorce was subject to widespread media attention. Kardashian began dating rapper and longtime friend Kanye West in April 2012, while still legally married to Humphries. Her divorce was finalized on June 3, 2013, Kardashian and West became engaged on October 21, Kardashian's 33rd birthday, and married on May 24, 2014, at Forte di Belvedere in Florence, Italy. Her wedding dress was designed by Riccardo Tisci of Givenchy with some guests' dresses designed by designer Michael Costello. The couple's high status and respective careers have resulted in their relationship becoming subject to heavy media coverage; The New York Times referred to their marriage as "a historic blizzard of celebrity". West said Kardashian was his muse. In January 2021, CNN reported that the couple were discussing divorce and on February 19, 2021, Kardashian officially filed for divorce. In April 2021, they both agreed before court that they would end their marriage due to "irreconcilable differences" and agreed to joint custody of their four children. They also agreed that neither of them need spousal support. In February 2022, Kardashian filed a complaint to the Los Angeles Superior Court, asking for a quicker proceedings in the divorce from West, saying that West was trying to delay it and saying that "Mr. West, by his actions, has made it clear that he does not accept that the parties' marital relationship is over." Kardashian was declared legally single on March 2, 2022. She subsequently dropped "West" as her legal last name and ended their marriage. A post-divorce settlement was reached on November 29, 2022. Kardashian was in a relationship with actor and comedian Pete Davidson from November 2021 to August 2022. From September 2023 to March 2024, Kardashian was reportedly in a relationship with NFL wide receiver Odell Beckham Jr. Since 2026, she has been in a relationship with British Formula One World Champion Lewis Hamilton.
Religion
Religion
Kim Kardashian is a Christian and has described herself as "really religious". She was educated in Christian schools of both the Presbyterian and Roman Catholic traditions. In April 2015, Kardashian and West traveled to the Armenian Quarter of the Old City in Jerusalem to have their daughter baptized in the Armenian Apostolic Church, one of the oldest denominations of Oriental Orthodox Christianity. The ceremony took place at the Cathedral of St. James. Khloé Kardashian was appointed as the godmother. In October 2019, Kardashian and her three younger children were baptized at the baptistery in the Etchmiadzin Cathedral complex, Armenia's mother church. Kardashian was given the Armenian name Heghine (Հեղինէ) at her baptism.
Health and pregnancies
Health and pregnancies
Kardashian has four children with Kanye West: two daughters (born 2013 and 2018) and two sons (born 2015 and 2019). Kardashian has publicly discussed difficulties during her first two pregnancies. She experienced pre-eclampsia during her first, which forced her to deliver at 34 weeks. With both pregnancies, she developed placenta accreta after delivery, eventually undergoing surgery to remove the placenta and scar tissue. After her second pregnancy, doctors advised her not to become pregnant again; her third and fourth children were born via surrogacy. Kardashian has also spoken about her psoriasis. In May 2021, it was reported that Kardashian had tested positive for COVID-19 in November 2020. She confirmed this report but denied reports that she caught the disease after hosting a party at a private island. In October 2025, Kardashian revealed that she received a brain aneurysm diagnosis and suggested the condition was due to the ongoing stress in dealing with splitting from West.
Wealth
Wealth
In May 2014, Kardashian was estimated to be worth US$45 million. In 2015, Forbes reported she had "made more this year than ever as her earnings nearly doubled to $53 million from 2014's $28 million", and reported that she "has monetized fame better than any other". Much of her income in the early-to-mid 2010s included wholesale earnings of the Sears line, the Kardashian Kollection, which brought in $600 million in 2013 and the Kardashian Beauty cosmetics line, Kardashian-branded tanning products, the boutique-line Dash, as well as sponsored social media posts which are collectively worth $300,000–500,000 per post. As of July 2018, Kardashian was worth US$350 million. She does not receive alimony payments from either of her first two marriages. Kardashian became a billionaire in April 2021 thanks to her shapewear company Skims, KKW Beauty, reality television, endorsements, and investments. Forbes has estimated her net worth at $1.7 billion as of December 2024, making her one of the world's wealthiest celebrities. Kardashian has been included in the Forbes Celebrity 100 multiple times, which ranks the highest-earning celebrities annually. She first appeared on the list in 2012 as the seventh-highest-paid celebrity that year, with earnings of $18 million. In 2016, Kardashian was the 42nd-highest-paid celebrity with $51 million; 40 percent of her earnings that year were from her mobile game Kim Kardashian: Hollywood. In 2017, 2018, and 2019, she was ranked number 47, 30, and 26 with $45.5 million, $67 million, and $72 million; the last of which is her highest reported annual earnings. She was ranked the 48th-highest-paid celebrity of 2020, with $49.5 million in earnings, majorly from her cosmetics line KKW Beauty, which generated $100 million in sales the previous year. Kardashian is among the ten highest-paid individuals on Instagram. As of 2023, she earns over $1.68 million per sponsored Instagram post. She was the twelfth-highest-paid celebrity on Instagram in 2024, with earnings of over $4.37 million across sponsored posts.
Legal controversy
Legal controversy
In 2011, Kardashian filed a $20 million lawsuit against clothing retailer Old Navy after it aired an advertisement starring Melissa Molinaro. Kardashian alleged that Old Navy had misappropriated her likeness by featuring Molinaro, who looks like Kardashian, in the advertisement. Kardashian and Gap, Old Navy's parent company, settled for an undisclosed amount by August 2012.
Paris robbery
Paris robbery
On October 2, 2016, while attending Paris Fashion Week, Kardashian was robbed at gunpoint in the apartment where she was staying. Five individuals, dressed as police officers, bound and gagged her, then stole $10 million worth of jewelry. The thieves got in her residence by threatening the concierge. Once they accessed Kardashian's room, they held a gun to her head and ordered her to give them her ring, then bound her wrists and legs with zip ties and wrapped duct tape around her eyes and mouth. Kardashian, who was placed in the bathtub, was physically unharmed and reportedly begged for her life. She managed to wriggle her hands free from the zip ties on her wrists and scream for help. The thieves, after finding her jewelry box, promptly escaped. On October 6, 2016, it was revealed that filming for the next season of Keeping Up with the Kardashians had been placed "on hold indefinitely" after the robbery. Following the robbery, Media Take Out published a series of stories alleging that the crime was staged; however, the website later removed these articles. On October 10, 2016, a video was released showing Kardashian immediately after the robbery, as police began conducting their investigation. In the video, she is seen using the cell phone that she had reported stolen, and did not have any of the markings she claimed from being bound by her captors, prompting more questions as to whether or not the events were staged. In response, Kardashian filed lawsuits against several media outlets the following day, and secured a gag order to get the video removed from any articles due to it being part of an active police investigation. On October 25, 2016, Kardashian dropped the lawsuit. Production resumed on Keeping Up with the Kardashians on October 26. On January 9, 2017, French police detained 17 persons of interest for questioning in the robbery case. Later in 2017, 16 people were arrested for their alleged involvement. It was revealed in 2020 that French prosecutors would seek trial for 12 of the suspects. The suspects who allegedly entered her room were of, or near, senior age and were named the 'Grandpa Robbers' by the press. In April 2025, the case finally came to trial, with Kardashian giving evidence in person. Eight of the defendants were convicted and two were acquitted.
Activism
Activism
During an interview with Caity Weaver of GQ for the July 2016 issue, Kardashian described herself as a Democrat, and declared her support for Hillary Clinton in the 2016 U.S. presidential election. In January 2017, she tweeted a table of statistics that went viral, highlighting statistics that show that gun violence in the United States kills 11,737 people annually while terrorism in the United States kills 14 people annually. In December 2017, the tweet was mentioned by the Royal Statistical Society in the announcement of its "International Statistic of the Year" for 2017. On a trip to Uganda in October 2018, she and her husband met with President Yoweri Museveni. They had a press conference, and Kanye talked about tourism in Uganda. They were criticized for meeting Museveni due to his then-recent crackdown on the opposition and the Ugandan LGBT community. In April 2019, Vogue reported that Kardashian was studying to pass the bar exam; instead of attending law school, she is reading law. In 2021, Kardashian said she had failed her first-year law exam (the baby bar) for a second time, performing "slightly worse" than her first attempt earlier in the year. In December 2021, she passed the "baby bar" law exam on her fourth attempt. She completed her law reader program in 2025, but in November 2025, announced she failed her first attempt at the bar exam. In 2020, Kardashian condemned the actions of Azerbaijan in the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, and expressed her support for Armenia and the Republic of Artsakh. On November 20, 2021, it was reported that Kardashian and the English soccer club Leeds United F.C., with the help of Rabbi Moshe Margertten of the Tzedek Association, had financially helped female Afghan soccer players to make their way safely to England. The women and girls had escaped Afghanistan following the Taliban takeover, but were stranded in Pakistan.
Armenian genocide recognition
Armenian genocide recognition
Kardashian has expressed pride in her Armenian and Scottish ancestry. She is not a citizen of either Armenia or the United Kingdom, and does not speak Armenian. She has advocated for the recognition of the Armenian genocide on numerous occasions and encouraged President Barack Obama and the United States government to consider its acknowledgement. In April 2016, Kardashian wrote an article on her website condemning The Wall Street Journal for running an advertisement by FactCheckArmenia.com denying the Armenian genocide. In April 2021, Kardashian wrote a letter to President Joe Biden thanking him for officially recognizing the Armenian genocide and becoming the first United States president ever to do so. In April 2015, Kardashian traveled to Armenia with her husband, her sister Khloé, and her eldest daughter and visited the Armenian Genocide Memorial Tsitsernakaberd in Yerevan. On October 10, 2020, Kardashian announced she donated $1 million to Armenia Fund, a humanitarian organization that supports Armenia's development.
Prison reform and clemency advocacy
Prison reform and clemency advocacy
Kardashian has worked in the area of prison reform, advocating for the commutation of the sentence of Chris Young and also of Alice Marie Johnson, a woman who received a life sentence for a first-time drug offense as the leader of a major cocaine ring in Tennessee which was granted by President Donald Trump in June 2018. Along with Van Jones and Jared Kushner, she was instrumental in persuading President Trump to support the First Step Act, which enacted major reforms in the US prison system. Van Jones later stated that without Kardashian, the act would have never passed because it would not have received the president's support. It was later passed by a great majority in the US Senate. In 2019, Kardashian largely funded the 90 Days to Freedom campaign, an initiative to release nonviolent drug offenders from life sentences by attorneys Brittany K. Barnett and MiAngel Cody. The effort resulted in 17 persons being released under provisions of the First Step Act. Kardashian was widely credited for the success of the campaign in media headlines. Commentary on her involvement ranged from praise, to assertions that it was a public relations stunt, to accusations that she was taking the credit for work she did not do. In a Facebook post from May 7 of that year, Barnett commented on the divisive and underfunded nature of the "criminal justice reform space", adding, "Kim linked arms with us to support us when foundations turned us down. We and our clients and their families have a lot of love for her and are deeply grateful for her." In April 2022, Kardashian advocated for the clemency of Melissa Lucio, the only woman of Hispanic descent on Texas' death row, in a series of tweets. She tweeted, "I recently just read about the case of Melissa Lucio and wanted to share her story with you. She has been on death row for over 14 years for her daughter's death that was a tragic accident." Lucio is on death row for the abuse and death of her daughter, who was two years old. Kardashian deleted the series of tweets the same day. When Lucio was granted a stay of execution on April 25, Kardashian celebrated on her social media channels. In July 2022, Kardashian expressed support and petitioned for the release of rapper Gunna, who was imprisoned without bond, charged with one count of violating the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act. However, in October of the same year, Gunna was again denied release from jail ahead of his January trial. In December, Gunna pled guilty to a single charge of racketeering and was sentenced to five years in prison, with one year commuted to time served and the rest of the sentence suspended subject to probation conditions. He was soon released from jail, and instead was ordered to serve 500 hours of community service. In December 2023, Kardashian publicly expressed her belief in the innocence of Alabama prisoner Toforest Johnson, who has been on death row for more than 25 years despite calls for his conviction to be overturned from the original trial prosecutor in his case and the current District Attorney, Danny Carr. Kardashian posted about Johnson's case on her Instagram account, asking "Who is Toforest Johnson? And why does the state of Alabama have an innocent man on death row?" She added a link to Earwitness, a serial podcast about Johnson's case, to an advocacy website that contains more information about Johnson's case. Kardashian spoke out about Johnson's case again in spring 2024, when she posted a video of Johnson's daughter Akeriya Terry on her Instagram account. Johnson remains on Alabama's death row and no execution date has yet been set. In September 2024, Kardashian visited convicted murderers Lyle and Erik Menendez along with over 30 other inmates at the Richard J. Donovan Correctional Facility. The meeting focused on prison reform, which included a discussion of the Green Space Project, a prison beautification initiative led by Lyle Menendez. Accompanying Kardashian during the visit were her sister Khloé Kardashian, mother Kris Jenner, film producer Scott Budnick, actor Cooper Koch—who portrayed Erik in the Netflix limited series Monsters: The Lyle and Erik Menendez Story—and Koch's partner, filmmaker Stuart McClave. In October of that year, Kardashian penned an essay for NBC News in which she advocated for the brothers' release, arguing that they were "not monsters" and had been failed by a justice system that did not adequately account for their alleged abuse or their subsequent rehabilitation. The release of the essay coincided with a renewed legal review of the case by the Los Angeles County District Attorney's office. In May 2025, a judge resentenced the brothers to 50 years to life, making them eligible for parole under California law because they were under 26 years old at the time of the murders. On August 21, 2025, Erik was denied parole by the California Board of Parole Hearings, which cited ongoing rule violations and concerns regarding public safety. Lyle was also denied parole the following day, with the board referencing repeated infractions involving the possession of a cell phone. Both brothers are scheduled to be eligible for a second parole hearing in 2028, though they may become eligible as early as 18 months after the initial hearing provided they maintain a clean disciplinary record.

Kardashian in Sydney, Australia for E!
Eva Rinaldi · Kim Kardashian

Kim Kardashian.
Eva Rinaldi · Flickr
Reception
Since rising to prominence in the late 2000s, Kardashian has remained a highly polarizing public figure. While critics have often dismissed her as being "famous for being famous", others have credited her with reshaping the nature of modern celebrity and the influence of reality television and social media on fame. In 2010, Barbara Walters included her in her annual special of the "10 Most Fascinating People". A 2011 Nielsen poll ranked her among the most searched-for personalities on the Internet. In 2015, Time included her on its list of the 100 most influential people in the world, while Forbes has featured her multiple times in its Celebrity 100 list, citing her earnings from television, endorsements, and businesses. She ranked 17th, 13th, and 10th in FHM's 100 Sexiest Women poll in 2008, 2015, and 2016, respectively. Despite this recognition, she has also faced criticism. A 2012 British survey named her among the "most annoying celebrities", while cultural commentators have accused her of promoting materialism and unrealistic beauty standards.
Primary material
Documents and archives
reference work
- “Kim Kardashian”, English Wikipedia, consulted as further reading
Reputable secondary · Wikipedia
authority record
- Wikidata, structured authority record Q186304: Kim Kardashian
Unverified · Wikidata
Notes from the source article
Cited by Wikipedia
Notes from the source article
These works are cited by the source article, in its own numbering. They are recorded as its citations, not as sources VALÉORINE has verified.
- 1.Caramanica, Jon. "The Agony and the Ecstasy of Kanye West" . The New York Times. April 10, 2015.
- 2.Tinubu, Aramide. Kim Kardashian's Business Glow-Up Has Been Hella Remarkable. StyleCaster. October 21, 2019.
- 3.Berg, Madeline. With KKW Beauty and popular shapewear firm Skims, Kardashian West's net worth increases to $1 billion, earning her a spot on Forbes' World's Billionaires List. Forbes. April 6, 2021.
- 4.Johnson, Kirbie. Kim Kardashian Is Relaunching Her Beauty Empire. Allure. June 1, 2022.
- 5.These Are The 100 Most Influential People In The World. Time.
- 6.Most Powerful Women. Fortune.
- 7.Seemayer, Zach. Kim Kardashian on the Success of Her Mobile App and Her Social Media Empire. ET Online. March 2015.
- 8.Social Blade. Top 100 Instagram Business Accounts / Creator Accounts.
- 9.Scoreboard Media Group. Does Kim Kardashian deserve to be famous?. Debate. November 9, 2013.
- 10.Trepany, Charles. Rihanna makes Forbes' billionaires list debut; Kim Kardashian, Ye, Jay-Z, more make 2022 cut. USA Today.
- 11.Kim Kardashian. Forbes. June 11, 2026.
- 12.Helena Andrews-Dyer. Kim Kardashian is still fighting for criminal justice reform. The Washington Post.
- 13.Cartwright, Megan. Kim Kardashian’s Failed Bar Exam Reveals ‘Dangerous’ Trend, Experts Warn. Newsweek. 2025-11-15.
- 14.Kimberly Noel Kardashian, Born October 21, 1980, in California. California Birth Index.
- 15.Sagimbeni, Nick. Kourtney, Kim, Khloe, Robert, Kylie and Kendall Kardashian. Los Angeles Times. January 9, 2013.
- 16.Kim Kardashian. Monuments And Momentous Times In Monte Carlo. Kim Kardashian: Official website. KimKardashian.com. June 11, 2008.
- 17.Vogue Nederland. Hollywoodsterren waarvan je niet wist dat ze Nederlandse roots hebben. www.vogue.nl. October 31, 2022.
- 18.Barford, Vanessa. Kim Kardashian: How do Armenians feel about her fame?. BBC. January 8, 2013.
- 19.Buzz Bissinger. Introducing Caitlyn Jenner. Vanity Fair. June 1, 2015.
- 20.Jenner-Kardashian. The Day. A2. April 23, 1991.
- 21.Mayish, Jeff. Ex-nanny to the Kardashians reveals Kris Jenner's temper and an O. J. Simpson trial kidnap scare. Daily News. Mortimer Zuckerman. May 1, 2013.
- 22.Austin, Christina. Check Out The Elite Schools Where Celebrities Send Their Kids. Business Insider. September 27, 2012.
- 23.Ryan, Harriet. His life now: With friends like these . . . Los Angeles Times. September 28, 2008.
- 24.Robert Kardashian, a Lawyer For O. J. Simpson, Dies at 59. The New York Times. October 3, 2003.
- 25.Morgan, Eleanor. Why is Kim Kardashian famous? You asked Google – here's the answer. The Guardian. April 20, 2016.
- 26.The Biography Channel. A+E Networks. Kim Kardashian Biography.
- 27.Nesvig, Kara. Kim Kardashian on Her First Job, Reality TV Fame, and the Paris Robbery. Teen Vogue. July 8, 2018.
- 28.Kim Kardashian, Mogul, Tells Us Her Money Story. WealthSimple Magazine. March 2022.
- 29.Kim Kardashian's Shady Behavior As Brandy's Stylist Explained. ScreenRant. April 18, 2021.
- 30.Lin, Joanna. Brandy's Mom Lawsuit with Kim Kardashian Dismissed. People Magazine.
- 31.Brandy's Mom Explains Lawsuit Against Kardashians. People Magazine.
- 32.Halperin, Ian. Karadashian Dynasty. Simon & Schuster UK. April 19, 2016. 9781471155222.
- 33.Chung, Gabrielle. How Kim Kardashian Played a Part in Paris Hilton's "Ultra Classy" Wedding Day. E! News Online. November 13, 2021.
- 34.Yang, Allie. Starlets of early 2000s were meticulously created, collaborators reveal. ABC News.
- 35.Calvario, Liz. See Kim Kardashian Return to Her Stylist Roots at Pal Paris Hilton's Wedding. Entertainment Weekly.
- 36.NBCUniversal. Kim Kardashian on Sex Tape: 'A Tape Does Exist'. Extra. February 7, 2007.
- 37.NBCUniversal. Ray J Sends 'Love & Congratulations' To Kim Kardashian & Kanye West. Access Hollywood. July 8, 2013.
- 38.Kim Kardashian Sues Over Sex Tape. Peoplemag.
- 39.United Press International. Kardashian to profit from sex tape. May 1, 2007.
- 40.Venable, Heidi. Ray J Released Details On How Much Money Kim Kardashian Initially Made From Their Sex Tape. Cinemablend. September 13, 2022.
- 41.The Kardashian Decade: How a Sex Tape Led to a Billion-Dollar Brand. Hollywood Reporter.
- 42.10 Years Ago, Kim Kardashian Turned a Sex Tape Into a Business Empire. Complex.
- 43.Kim Kardashian Made Sex Tape For Fame, Sources Say. Yahoo News. June 22, 2012.
- 44.Nordyke, Kimberly. 'Kardashians' earns its keep. The Hollywood Reporter. Prometheus Global Media. November 13, 2007.
- 45.Karen. Scott Disick is the Father of Mason Disick!. Las Vegas Guardian Express. August 16, 2013.
- 46.del Barco, Mandalit. The Kardashians Kiss Reality TV Goodbye — And Move On To Disney And Hulu. npr.org. June 10, 2021.
- 47.Kim Kardashian info. Biography.com.
- 48.Kim Kardashian Playboy – Kim Kardashian Nude – Pics and Videos of the Sex Tape Celebrity. Playboy. January 27, 2009.
- 49.Poezia Unui Fund Bombat. Playboy. 113. 11. Cover. November 2010.
- 50.Matt Webb Mitovich. Disaster Movie Star Kim Kardashian Names Her Favorite Butt. TVGN. CBS Corporation. August 29, 2008.
- 51.NBCUniversal. Disaster Movie from Kim Kardashian: Pop Culture Queen. E! Online.
- 52.Parker, Stefanie. 10 Stars You Totally Forgot Competed on 'Dancing With the Stars' (VIDEO). TV Insider.
- 53.Lang, Derrik J. Kim Kardashian kicked off 'Dancing With the Stars'. USA Today. October 1, 2008.
- 54.Seven Bar Foundation. Fusion Beauty.
- 55.fragrantica.com. Kim Kardashian Fragrances.
- 56.Crawford, Trish. Kardashian Fame and Fragrance. Toronto Star. April 28, 2010.
- 57.Biography. Kim Kardashian Biography.
- 58.Saini, Mia. Kim Kardashian Powering to the Top. Forbes. July 1, 2010.
- 59.Allure Magazine. Sweatin' with Kim Kardashian. April 14, 2009.
- 60.Gina DiNunno. Lauren Conrad and Kim Kardashian to Guest Judge Top Model. TV Guide. August 4, 2009.
- 61.Parsley, Aaron. Kim Kardashian Gets Slimed on Beyond the Break. People. June 5, 2009.
- 62.dziennik.pl. Kim Kardashian gościnnie w serialu. January 4, 2010.
- 63.Kate Stanhope. Kim Kardashian and Vanessa Minnillo to Appear on CSI:NY. TV Guide.
- 64.All the Rage: Kardashian Endorsements Seem to Have Va-Va-Vroom. Los Angeles Times. February 26, 2010.
- 65.Goudreau, Jenna. Reality TV Stars Turned Entrepreneurs. Forbes. April 13, 2010.
- 66.Klopsis, Nick. Seeing double! Kim Kardashian Unveils Wax Statue Lookalike at Madam Tussauds in Times Square. New York Daily News. July 2, 2010.
- 67.Glamour Magazine. Keeping Up With Kim, Kourtney and Khloé: The Kardashian Sisters Are Writing a Book!. June 18, 2010.
- 68.Vibe. Dope Or Nope? Kim Kardashian Debuts New Single 'Turn It Up'. January 3, 2011.
- 69.Rap-Up.com. Kim Kardashian Debuts The-Dream-Penned Single in Vegas.
- 70.Latest Music News, Band, Artist, Musician & Music Video News. Billboard. February 7, 2011.
- 71.Farber, Jim. Kim Kardashian song 'Jam (Turn It Up)' makes her the worst singer in the reality TV universe. Daily News. March 2, 2011.
- 72.MovieWeb.com. MovieWeb: "The Apprentice (2004–present): In-Store Display Challenge: Kim Kardashian Visits Octane". November 12, 2010.
- 73.Gather.com. The Apprentice, Kim Kardashian's Perfume Brings Out Best and Worst. November 12, 2010.
- 74.TVGuide.com. Kardashian Sisters Land 90210 Cameo. June 29, 2010.
- 75.Brissey, Breia. Kardashian's publish new novel 'Dollhouse'. Entertainment Weekly. November 15, 2011.
- 76.Andreeva, Nellie. 'Keeping Up with the Kardashians' Renewed – E! Extends Series For Three More Seasons. Deadline Hollywood. April 24, 2012.
- 77.Casserly, Meghan. 'Keeping Up with the Kardashians 2015: E! Pays $40 Million For Three More Years. Forbes. April 24, 2012.
- 78.People. Kim Kardashian Perfume: True Reflection. August 29, 2011.
- 79.Style MTV. Kim Kardashian Releases Glam Fragrance.
- 80.Tyler Perry's Temptation: Confessions of a Marriage Counselor (2013) – Box Office Mojo.
- 81.Kim Kardashian wins Razzie award for 'Worst Supporting Actress' in Tyler Perry film [VIDEO] - UPI.com. UPI.
- 82.Rothman, Michael. Take a Sneak Peek at Kim Kardashian's New Video Game. ABC News. Disney Media Networks. June 18, 2014.
- 83.Wortham, Jenna. Kim Kardashian, an Unlikely Mobile Video Game Hit. The New York Times. July 30, 2014.
- 84.Kim Kardashian 'American Dad': Reality Star to Play Alien on Comedy. Variety.
- 85.Snierson, Dan. Kim Kardashian to play alien on 'American Dad'. Entertainment Weekly. September 24, 2013.
- 86.Muller, Marissa G. Meet The Man Behind Kim Kardashian's 'Break The Internet' Cover: Jean-Paul Goude. MTV News. November 12, 2014.
- 87.Rothman, Michael. Kim Kardashian Leaves Little to Imagination in Raciest Magazine Cover Yet. ABC News. Disney Media Networks. November 12, 2014.
- 88.Fortini, Amanda. NO FILTER: An Afternoon With Kim Kardashian. Paper. November 2014.
- 89.Moylan, Brian. Kim Kardashian's Butt Is an Empty Promise. Time. November 12, 2014.
- 90.Van Grove, Jennifer. "Kim Kardashian Didn't Break the Internet, but She Did Set a New Benchmark" , The Street, November 17, 2014.
- 91.Grossman, Samantha. Top 10 Things That Broke the Internet. Time. December 2, 2014.
- 92.Shields, Mike. Kim Kardashian Doesn't Break Paper Magazine's Servers–At Least Not Yet. The Wall Street Journal. November 13, 2014.
- 93.Begley, Sarah. Kim Kardashian's Selfish Is Anything But. Time. May 7, 2015.
- 94.Biedenharn, Isabella. Review Roundup: Critics love Kim Kardashian's Selfish. Entertainment Weekly. May 20, 2015.
- 95.Brown, Kat. Kim Kardashian's selfie book Selfish: unexpectedly revealing. The Telegraph. June 22, 2015.
- 96.Kallor, Amber. Kim Kardashian West's "Vogue España" Cover Shoot Inspires Us to Strip Down. Vogue. July 23, 2015.
- 97.Link, Monica. Kim Kardashian iOS Emoji App, 'Kimoji' Ranks Higher Than Grand Theft Auto. Idigital Times.
- 98.CBC News. How celebrities like Kim Kardashian are selling you ads and products. November 11, 2016.
- 99.Ibriiz. Instagram Influencer Price Kim Kardashian. YouTube.
- 100.Paquette, Danielle. Kim Kardashian, Kanye West canoodle at Melrose Dash grand opening. Los Angeles Times. July 16, 2012.
- 101.Abelman, Devon. Kim Kardashian Is Launching a Beauty Line Called KKW Beauty. Allure. June 17, 2017.
- 102.Rennert, Jenna. Kim Kardashian West Reveals Her New Fragrance—And It's Not What You'd Expect!. Vogue. November 13, 2017.
- 103.Marine, Brooke. Everything We Know About Kim Kardashian's New Beauty Competition Series. W. December 5, 2017.
- 104.Chan, Stephanie. Laverne Cox to Host Lifetime's 'Glam Masters' (Exclusive). The Hollywood Reporter. December 5, 2017.
- 105.Nededog, Jethro. Kim Kardashian's makeup artists are so famous that people are fighting to join her glam squad. Insider. February 28, 2018.
- 106.Donahue, Rosemary. Kim Kardashian Launches KKW Beauty x Argenis Pinal Créme Color Sticks at Beautycon. Allure. April 23, 2018.
- 107.Petit, Stephanie. Kim Kardashian and Kendall Jenner will make cameos in Ocean's Eight. Entertainment Weekly. January 17, 2017.
- 108.Evans, Greg. Kim Kardashian West Prank Series 'You Kiddin' Me?!' Sets Premiere Date. Deadline Hollywood. September 7, 2018.
- 109.Spangler, Todd. Facebook Orders Kim Kardashian West's Celebrity Kid Prank Series, Produced by Lionsgate. Variety. March 2, 2018.
- 110.Emmanuele, Julia. Chrissy Teigen & John Legend's Christmas Special Guest List Will Give You Serious FOMO. Bustle. November 17, 2018.
- 111.Aniftos, Rania. Paris Hilton Parties With Kim Kardashian in 'Best Friend's Ass' Video. Billboard. May 24, 2019.
- 112.Ho, Vivian. #KimOhNo: Kim Kardashian West renames Kimono brand amid outcry. The Guardian. July 1, 2019. 0261-3077.
- 113.Woodyatt, Amy. Japan to send trademark officials to US over Kim Kardashian West 'kimono' row. CNN Style. July 1, 2019.
- 114.Ilchi, Layla. Kim Kardashian Reveals New Name for Shapewear Brand After Backlash. WWD. August 26, 2019.
- 115.Thomas, Lauren. In wake of Kimono uproar, Kim Kardashian names shapewear company Skims. CNBC. August 26, 2019.
- 116.Bhasin, Kim. Kim Kardashian's Skims Doubles Valuation to $3.2 Billion. Glamour * cite news. Bloomberg News. January 27, 2022.
- 117.De Leon, Pauline. Kim Kardashian's SKIMS Shapewear Has Sold Out on the First Day, Earning $2 Million USD. Hypebae. September 12, 2019.
- 118.Weinstock, Tish. Kim Kardashian West chats to Vogue about inclusivity, diversity and the future of SKIMS. Vogue India. March 9, 2021.
- 119.Maguire, Lucy. Kim Kardashian West: On shapewear. Vogue Business. October 26, 2020.
- 120.Malach, Hannah. What Makes a Successful Celebrity Brand?. Women's Wear Daily. Harvard Business Publishing. May 4, 2024.
- 121.Thompson, Courtney. Skims' first collection for men is now available to shop. CNN Underscored. CNN. October 26, 2023.
- 122.Skims Is Launching Its First-Ever Unisex Collection. Nylon. December 15, 2020.
- 123.Lee, Amy. Kim Kardashian's SKIMS Is Now Available at Nordstrom -- Shop the Best-Selling Styles. ET Online. February 5, 2020.
- 124.Parker, Erin. Kim Kardashian on the Skims Nordstrom Launch and Not Staying in Your Lane. Glamour. February 5, 2020.
- 125.Snelling, Brin. Skims Opens Men's Pop-Up At Nordstrom And Outlines Retail Expansion. Forbes. September 6, 2024.
- 126.Hu, Zoe. First look: Skims Mens lands in End. Women's Wear Daily. May 23, 2024.
- 127.Wolff, Rachel. Physical retail powers Skims' ambitious growth strategy. Emarketer. June 25, 2025.
- 128.Hills, Megan C. Kim Kardashian's label will supply Team USA with undergarments and loungewear. CNN Style. June 29, 2021.
- 129.Frey, Kaitlyn. Kim Kardashian's SKIMS Continues Team USA Partnership for Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. People. January 13, 2022.
- 130.Kelly, Dylan. SKIMS Reunites With Team USA for Paris 2024 Olympics and Paralympics Capsule. GQ * Cite web. Hypebeast. June 24, 2024.
- 131.Tingley, Anna. Skims and Team USA's New Olympics Collection Is Officially Here. Variety. January 6, 2026.
- 132.Tingley, Anna. Kim Kardashian's Skims and Team USA Drop New Collection Ahead of the Beijing Olympics. Variety. January 25, 2022.
- 133.Hyman, Jasmine. The SKIMS and Team USA Collaboration Is Here Ahead of the Paris Games. Cosmopolitan. June 26, 2024.
- 134.Snelling, Grace. The new Skims Team USA collection is the 'Juicy Couture' of Olympic partnerships. Fast Company. January 6, 2026.
- 135.Singhsachathet, Nafisa. The Most Iconic Skims Collaborations, From Roberto Cavalli to Fendi. Prestige Hong Kong. Istituto Marangoni * Cite magazine. July 2, 2025.
- 136.Murray, Daisy. Kim Kardashian Announces Surprise Second Drop Of Fendi X SKIMS Collaboration. The Wall Street Journal. December 7, 2021.
- 137.Rice, Kyle Lamar. Kim Kardashian Strikes SKIMS NBA Deal on the Heels of Launching SKIMS Men. The Washington Post. October 30, 2023.
- 138.Salpini, Cara. NikeSkims, the next big play for women activewear shoppers, launches Friday. Retail Dive. Industry Dive. September 22, 2025.
- 139.Florsheim, Lane. The Wall Street Journal. Innovators Awards 2021: Celebrating Kim Kardashian West, Ryan Reynolds, Lil Nas X and More. WSJ. Magazine. November 1, 2021. 0099-9660.
- 140.Twersky, Carolyn. The Kardashian Family Took Over the CFDA Awards. W. November 8, 2022.
- 141.Sauer, Megan. Kim Kardashian's $3.2 billion Skims brand started in her bathtub: I'd dye my own shapewear 'with tea bags and coffee'. CNBC. July 1, 2023.
- 142.de la Merced, Michael J. Kim Kardashian's Skims Is Now Worth $4 Billion. The New York Times. July 19, 2023. 0362-4331.
- 143.Chang, Andrew. Why Kim Kardashian's Skims is making a splash with investors and the shapewear market. Los Angeles Times. May 7, 2024.
- 144.D'Addario, Daniel. 'Kim Kardashian West: The Justice Project': TV Review. Variety. April 3, 2020.
- 145.Kimble, Melissa. Kim Kardashian's 'Justice Project' doc on Oxygen should silence (most) of her critics. NBC News. April 7, 2020.
- 146.Jackson, Angelique. Paris Hilton Aims to Redefine Her Brand by Sharing Childhood Trauma in 'This Is Paris' Documentary. Variety. September 14, 2020.
- 147.Chung, Gabrielle. Kardashian-Jenner Family Signs Exclusive Deal to 'Create Global Content' for Hulu. People. December 10, 2020.
- 148.Chapman, Wilson. Kardashians Hulu Reality Series Sets Premiere Date. Variety. February 7, 2022.
- 149.Wagmeister, Elizabeth. Kardashian-Jenner Hulu Series Underway as Family Taps Fulwell 73 to Produce. Variety. October 28, 2021.
- 150.Bergeson, Samantha. Khloé Kardashian Says Streaming Shift to Hulu Was Obvious, Cable 'Not on Brand' for the Family. IndieWire. March 9, 2022.
- 151.Wagmeister, Elizabeth. 'The Kardashians' Becomes Hulu's Most-Watched Premiere in America (Exclusive). Variety. April 20, 2022.
- 152.Fitzgerald, Toni. 'The Kardashians' Sets A Streaming Record As Disney+-Hulu Nears Launch. Forbes. November 9, 2023.
- 153.Juneau, Jen. Van Jones Says He Thinks Kim Kardashian Will Be an 'Unbelievable' Lawyer: 'She Hasn't Let Up'. People. May 24, 2021.
- 154.Chubb, Hannah. Martha Stewart Gets 'Down and Dirty' in New Show with A-List Celeb Friends. Peopld. June 3, 2021.
- 155.Del Rosario, Alexandra. Paris Hilton Dishes Up Chaos With Kim Kardashian, Demi Lovato & Saweetie In Trailer For Netflix's 'Cooking With Paris'. Deadline Hollywood. July 27, 2021.
- 156.Ray, Alyssa. See Kim Kardashian Get Blue Goo on Her Face in Hilarious Cooking with Paris Preview. E! Online. August 3, 2021.
- 157.Bubp, Ashley. 'PAW Patrol: The Movie' Trailer Promises Adorable, Family-Friendly Fun. Collider. June 4, 2021.
- 158.Howard, Courtney. 'PAW Patrol: The Movie' Review: A Positively Peppy, Puppy-Powered Picture. Variety. August 8, 2021.
- 159.Hipes, Patrick. 'PAW Patrol: The Mighty Movie' Trailer: Superpowers And Kardashians In Adventure City. Deadline Hollywood. June 12, 2023.
- 160.Kim Kardashian Pokes Fun at Kanye West, O.J. Simpson and Others in Hilarious SNL Monologue. E! Online. October 10, 2021.
- 161.Lawler, Richard. Influencers beware: promoting the wrong crypto could mean facing a class-action lawsuit. The Wall Street Journal. Vox Media. February 18, 2022.
- 162.Michaels, Dave. Kim Kardashian Paying $1.26 Million to Settle SEC Investigation Into Role in Crypto Deal. The Wall Street Journal. News Corp. October 3, 2022.
- 163.Picciotto, Rebecca. Federal judge dismisses crypto scam lawsuit against Kim Kardashian, Floyd Mayweather Jr. CNBC. December 7, 2022.
- 164.Kiderlin, Sophie. Kim Kardashian launches private equity firm, becoming the latest celeb to enter the investment industry. CNBC. September 8, 2022.
- 165.Primack, Dan. Kim Kardashian no longer managing private equity firm. Axios. December 26, 2024.
- 166.Malkin, Mark. Kim Kardashian and Nicole Kidman Walk in the Balenciaga Fashion Show and More Photos From Paris Haute Couture Week. Vogue. July 6, 2022.
- 167.Widjojo, Conchita. Kim Kardashian Teams with Beats for Custom Beats Fit Pro Earbuds Collaboration in Skims-like Colors. WWD. August 9, 2022.
- 168.O'Neill, Grace. Kim Kardashian and Dolce & Gabbana join forces. Grazia. September 24, 2022.
- 169.Binkley, Christina. Kim Kardashian curates Dolce & Gabbana's Spring 2023 collection. Vogue Business. September 24, 2022.
- 170.Spangler, Todd. Kim Kardashian Releases Her First Spotify-Exclusive Podcast. Variety. October 3, 2022.
- 171.Spangler, Todd. Kim Kardashian West Inks Exclusive Spotify Deal for Criminal-Justice Reform Podcast. Variety. June 18, 2020.
- 172.McArdle, Tommy. Kim Kardashian Launches 'The System' True Crime Podcast with Spotify. People. October 3, 2022.
- 173.Kim Kardashian Debates an Oscar vs. a Baby in 'American Horror Story: Delicate' Trailer. TheWrap. September 6, 2023.
- 174.Ehrlich, Brenna. American Horror Story Needs Kim Kardashian. Rolling Stone. September 29, 2023.
- 175.O'Connell, Mikey. All the Details on Kim Kardashian Starring in 'American Horror Story' Season 12 (Exclusive). The Hollywood Reporter. April 10, 2023.
- 176.Dunn, Jack. Kim Kardashian and Emma Roberts Kiss in First Trailer for 'American Horror Story: Delicate' Part 2 (TV News Roundup). Variety. March 19, 2024.
- 177.Jacobs, Mira. WGA Strikers Halt American Horror Story Season 12 Shooting. CBR. May 4, 2023.
- 178.Mangalindan, JP. Kim Kardashian's 'American Horror Story: Delicate' Debut Served Up the 'Campy Fun' the Series Needs. People. September 21, 2023.
- 179.D'Alessandro, Anthony. 'American Horror Story: Delicate' TV Review: Kim Kardashian Posh 'Rosemary's Baby' Season 12 Opener Keeps Up. Deadline Hollywood. September 21, 2023.
- 180.Spilde, Coleman. You'll Never Believe Kim Kardashian's Vulgar First Line on 'American Horror Story'. The Daily Beast. September 21, 2023.
- 181.Porter, Rick. Kim Kardashian Inks First-Look Deal With 20th TV, Sets Hulu Show With La La Anthony. The Hollywood Reporter. August 14, 2024.
- 182.Hailu, Selome. Kim Kardashian to Adapt La La Anthony's Book 'The Love Playbook' With Kenya Barris in New 20th TV First Look Deal. Deadline Hollywood. August 14, 2024.
- 183.Chan, Tim. Kim Kardashian Is Making Headphones Now (They're Nude-Tone, Natch). Rolling Stone. August 15, 2024.
- 184.Gayle, Latoya. Kim Kardashian Sings 'Santa Baby' in Surreal Party Video Featuring a Very Unlikely Santa. People. December 23, 2024.
- 185.Kaufman, Gil. Kim Kardashian Crawls Through Christmas Chaos in Video For Travis Barker-Produced 'Santa Baby' Cover. Billboard. December 23, 2024.
- 186.Finder, Moriel Mizrahi. When to Watch New Episodes of All's Fair. Elle. November 4, 2025.
- 187.Otterson, Joe. 'All's Fair' Teaser: Kim Kardashian Plays Ruthless Divorce Lawyer in Ryan Murphy Hulu Series With Naomi Watts, Niecy Nash-Betts. Variety. May 13, 2025.
- 188.Mangan, Lucy. All's Fair review – Kim Kardashian's divorce drama is fascinatingly, existentially terrible. The Guardian. November 4, 2025.
- 189.Han, Angie. 'All's Fair' Review: Kim Kardashian Is an Appropriately Wooden Lead for Ryan Murphy's Empty, Unforgivably Dull Hulu Drama. The Hollywood Reporter. November 4, 2025.
- 190.Power, Ed. Kim Kardashian's new legal drama is a crime against television. The Telegraph. November 4, 2025. 0307-1235.
- 191.Andreeva, Nellie. 'All's Fair' Logs Biggest Hulu Originals Scripted Debut In 3 Years As Star Kim Kardashian Claps Back At Negative Reviews. Deadline Hollywood. November 7, 2025.
- 192.Shanfeld, Ethan. 'All's Fair' Renewed for Season 2 at Hulu. Variety. November 24, 2025.
- 193.Kroll, Justin. Kim Kardashian-Paula Pell Netflix Comedy 'The Fifth Wheel' Taps Eva Longoria To Direct; Gloria Sanchez To Produce. Deadline Hollywood. May 19, 2025.
- 194.Kajewski, Ryan. Kim Kardashian Thriller Movie Lands at Amazon MGM. The Hollywood Reporter. March 4, 2024.
- 195.Kroll, Justin. Kim Kardashian Eyed To Star In 'Bratz' Movie At Amazon MGM Studios; MGA Entertainment And Picturestart Producing. Deadline Hollywood. June 25, 2025.
- 196.Klein, Jessica. How the Kardashians Changed Celebrity Culture Forever. Vice. October 2017.
- 197.Barbara Walters' Most Fascinating People 2010. ABC News. December 9, 2010.
- 198.Kim Kardashian tops Internet search lists. CNN. December 2, 2011.
- 199.Kim Kardashian West. Time. April 16, 2015.
- 200.Kim Kardashian West Is Worth $1.7 Billion. Forbes. 2023.
- 201.FHM Magazine's 100 Sexiest Women in the World 2008.
- 202.FHM Magazine's 100 Sexiest Women in the World 2015.
- 203.The 100 Sexiest Women in the World, 2016. FHM. December 29, 2016.
- 204.Kim Kardashian voted most annoying celebrity. The Daily Telegraph. January 31, 2012.
- 205.Munro, Cait. Kim Kardashian and the Rise of the Influencer Economy. Refinery29. September 2016.
- 206.Murphy, Jodie. Kim Kardashian: The Art of Being Famous. The Guardian. May 11, 2015.
- 207.Kim Kardashian's Paper Magazine Cover Breaks the Internet. Vogue. November 12, 2014.
- 208.James, Robin. The Kardashian Effect: How Kim Turned Fame into a Business Model. The New York Times. July 9, 2019.
- 209.Kim Kardashian's Most Memorable Catchphrases. Cosmopolitan. March 25, 2015.
- 210.Levin, Sam. The Cult of Kardashian. The Guardian. October 1, 2017.
- 211.Kim Kardashian Instagram Profile. Instagram.
- 212.Fitzgerald, Todd. How Kim Kardashian Changed the Game for Social Media Influencers. Forbes. June 12, 2020.
- 213.Kim Kardashian West Covers Vogue's March 2022 Issue. Vogue. February 9, 2022.
- 214.Kim Kardashian Channels Cleopatra for Harper's Bazaar. The Fashion Spot. March 4, 2011.
- 215.Kim Kardashian – GQ November 2023 Collector's Edition. Your Celebrity Magazines.
- 216.Kim Kardashian Covers Adweek. Vanity Fair. November 11, 2014.
- 217.Kim Kardashian Does the Wet Hair Look for C Magazine. Fashion Gone Rogue. September 9, 2015.
- 218.Kim Kardashian's Paper Magazine Nude Cover. Vanity Fair. November 11, 2014.
- 219.Khloé, Kourtney and Kim Kardashian Cover Glamour Magazine. Glamour. January 5, 2011.
- 220.Kim Kardashian Makes Vogue France Debut. People. October 3, 2025.
- 221.Kim Kardashian Covers The New York Times Style Magazine Singapore. The New York Times Style Magazine. October 2017.
- 222.Kim Kardashian Biography. People.
- 223.Waldholz, Chantal. Rob Kardashian Fears Marriage Because of Divorce — 5 Reasons That's Not Exactly Surprising!. Life & Style. February 7, 2014.
- 224.Kim Kardashian Says She Was High on Ecstasy During First Wedding — and When She Made a Sex Tape. People. November 25, 2018.
- 225.The Saint and The Sinner. GQ.com. March 1, 2009.
- 226.Garcia, Jennifer. Kim Kardashian and Reggie Bush Are Back Together!. People. September 28, 2009.
- 227.Kim Kardashian and Miles Austin Call It Quits.
- 228.Vena, Jocelyn. Kim Kardashian And Kris Humphries: A Timeline. MTV News. Viacom Media Networks. October 31, 2011.
- 229.Garcia, Jennifer. Kim Kardashian and Kris Humphries Are Married!. People. Time Inc. August 20, 2011.
- 230.Morris, Meagan. Kim Kardashian's new perfume. SheKnows. August 3, 2011.
- 231.Hughes, Sarah Anne. Kim Kardashian wedding special to air this Sunday: Will you watch?. The Washington Post. October 7, 2011.
- 232.Garcia, Jennifer. Kim Kardashian Files for Divorce from Kris Humphries. People. October 31, 2011.
- 233.Was Kardashian marriage a sham?. Chicago Tribune. November 1, 2011.
- 234.Finn, Natalie. Kim Kardashian "Very Happy" With Apology From Blogger Who Called Her Marriage "Staged". E! Online. NBCUniversal. February 22, 2012.
- 235.Marikar, Sheila. Thousands Sign 'No More Kardashian'. ABC News. Disney Media Networks. November 16, 2011.
- 236.Tikkanen, Amy. Kim Kardashian, American television personality and entrepreneur. Britannica.
- 237.Kim Kardashian, Kanye West marry in Italy. Today. May 26, 2014.
- 238.Fleeman, Mike. Kim Kardashian and Kris Humphries Finalize Divorce. People. June 4, 2013.
- 239.Howard, Michael. Kim Kardashian and Kanye West Engaged. ABC News. Disney Media Networks. October 22, 2013.
- 240.Corriston, Michelle. It's Official: Kim Kardashian and Kanye West Are Married. People. May 24, 2014.
- 241.Kratofil, Colleen. Kim Kardashian West Takes Fans Inside Her Wedding Dress Fittings (and the Photos Are too Good to Miss). People. May 19, 2016.
- 242.Kim Kardashian Wedding Fashion: Designer Michael Costello Dishes on His Custom Looks for Kimye's Guests!. May 16, 2014.
- 243.Slonin, Jeffrey. Teyana Who? Kanye West Says Kim Kardashian West Is His Yeezy Muse. People. December 13, 2022.
- 244.Melas, Chloe. Kim Kardashian and Kanye West discussing divorce. CNN.
- 245.Dasarth, Diana. Kim Kardashian files for divorce from Kanye West. NBC News. February 19, 2021.
- 246.Kim Kardashian and Kanye West agree joint custody after divorce. BBC News. BBC. April 13, 2021.
- 247.Kim Kardashian asks court to move forward on divorce with Kanye. Gulf News. AP. February 25, 2022.
- 248.Dillon, Nancy. Kim Kardashian Is a Single Woman Again. Rolling Stone. March 2, 2022.
- 249.Rice, Nicholas. Kim Kardashian Drops 'West' from Social Media Handles After Being Declared Legally Single. People. March 4, 2022.
- 250.Kim Kardashian and Kanye West reach divorce settlement. The Guardian. November 29, 2022.
- 251.Jess Cohen. Kim Kardashian and Pete Davidson Are "Getting Very Serious": Inside Their "Exciting" Romance. EONLINE. January 5, 2022.
- 252.Durney, Ellen. Pete Davidson Just Confirmed That Kim Kardashian Is His Girlfriend In A Live Interview After Being Exposed For Having A Candle With Her Face On It In His Bedroom. BuzzFeed News. February 8, 2022.
- 253.Vulpo, Mike. Kim Kardashian and Pete Davidson Break Up After 9 Months of Dating. E! Online. August 5, 2022.
- 254.Kim Kardashian and Odell Beckham Jr. Were So Coupled Up at This Oscars After-Party. Harper's BAZAAR. March 12, 2024.
- 255.Stivale, Shelby. Kim Kardashian and Odell Beckham Jr. Spotted Together for 1st Time. Us Weekly. February 11, 2024.
- 256.Gray, Delilah. Odell Beckham Jr. Allegedly Broke Up With Kim Kardashian After Her Reported, Family-Oriented Plans About Them. SheKnows. March 27, 2024.
- 257.Kim Kardashian y Lewis Hamilton hacen oficial su romance en la Super Bowl: las fotos que se han hecho virales. ¡Hola!. 9 February 2026.
- 258.Kim Kardashian and Lewis Hamilton Make Their Relationship Instagram-Official with High-Speed Ferrari Drive. People.com.
- 259.Robinson, KiMi. Kim Kardashian, Lewis Hamilton debut their relationship on Instagram. USA TODAY.
- 260.Whittaker, Alexandra. The Religious Ritual Kim Kardashian Practices Every Morning. InStyle. May 17, 2018.
- 261.Kim Kardashian in Jerusalem for Daughter's Baptism. wfmynews2.com.
- 262.North West Gets Baptized in Jerusalem – Moms & Babies – Celebrity Babies and Kids - Moms & Babies - People.com. People.
- 263.Kardashian Baptizes Children In Private Ceremony At 'Vatican' Of Armenian Church. RFE/RL. October 7, 2019.
- 264.Kim and Kourtney Kardashian baptize their children in Armenia's Etchmiadzin. Armenpress. October 7, 2019.
- 265.Kim Kardashian also baptized in Etchmiadzin, named Heghine (PHOTO). news.am. October 9, 2019.
- 266.Juneau, Jen. 'He's Here!' Kim Kardashian and Kanye West Welcome Son: 'He's Perfect'. People. May 10, 2019.
- 267.Kim Kardashian shares first photo of newborn son and reveals his name. Entertainment Weekly. May 17, 2019.
- 268.Ritschel, Chelsea. Kim Kardashian says she had to undergo five operations after pregnancy. The Independent. December 13, 2019.
- 269.King, Brittany. Kim Kardashian West Reveals She Can't Carry Any More Kids and Looks to Surrogacy: 'I Give Up'. People. April 2, 2017.
- 270.Fisher, Luchina. Kim Kardashian West explains why she chose a surrogate for her third child. ABC News. March 13, 2018.
- 271.Andriakos, Jacqueline. What You Need to Know About Kim Kardashian West's High-Risk Pregnancy. People. March 27, 2017.
- 272.Barr, Sabrina. Kim Kardashian discusses 'painful and scary' psoriatic arthritis diagnosis in new essay. The Independent. September 20, 2019.
- 273.Woodward, Ellie. Kim Kardashian Tested Positive For COVID Days After Returning From Her Controversial Island Birthday Trip. BuzzFeed News. May 27, 2021.
- 274.Lindsay, Duncan. Kim Kardashian denies that she caught Covid-19 during that controversial island party. Metro.co.uk. May 29, 2021.
- 275.Moorman, Taijuan. Kim Kardashian reveals brain aneurysm diagnosis, details Kanye West split stress. USA TODAY.
- 276.Wealth-X UHNW Valuation Update: Kim Kardashian and Kanye West's Combined Net Worth Estimated At US$155 Million After "Kimye" Florentine Wedding. Yahoo! Finance. PR Newswire. May 28, 2014.
- 277.#33 Kim Kardashian. Forbes.
- 278.Legal Documents Reveal Kim Kardashian Makes $300K to $500K Per Instagram Post. Complex.
- 279.Krischer, Hayley. Kim Kardashian: Estimated $40 million. Daily Worth. August 9, 2014.
- 280.Robehmed, Natalie. Why Kim Kardashian West Is Worth $350 Million. Forbes. July 11, 2018.
- 281.Kim Kardashian, Kris Humphries' Divorce: By the Numbers. Hollywood Reporter.
- 282.Berg, Madeline. Kim Kardashian West Is Officially A Billionaire. Forbes. April 6, 2021.
- 283.Kim Kardashian. Forbes.
- 284.Forbes' Celebrity 100: Jennifer Lopez Tops The 2012 List. The Huffington Post. May 16, 2012.
- 285.Robehmed, Natalie. Kim Kardashian West, Mobile Mogul: The Forbes Cover Story. Forbes. July 11, 2016.
- 286.Greenburg, Zack O'Malley. Full List: The World's Highest-Paid Celebrities 2017. Forbes. June 12, 2017.
- 287.Greenburg, Zack O'Malley. Celebrity 100: The World's Highest-Paid Entertainers 2018. Forbes. July 16, 2018.
- 288.O'Kane, Caitlin. Taylor Swift, Kylie Jenner, Kanye West make Forbes' list of 100 highest-paid entertainers. CBS News. July 12, 2019.
- 289.Mamo, Heran. Kanye West, Ariana Grande & More Musicians Crowned Forbes' 100 Highest-Paid Celebrities of 2020. Billboard. September 2, 2020.
- 290.Jimenez, Darcy. What The Most-Followed People On Instagram Earn Per Sponsored Post, Ranked. Digg. July 21, 2023.
- 291.Jimenez, Darcy. The Highest-Paid Instagram Celebrity In Each US State, Mapped. Digg. May 29, 2024.
- 292.Kim Kardashian Settles Lawsuit Over Look-Alike in Old Navy Ad (Exclusive). The Hollywood Reporter. August 29, 2012.
- 293.Kim Kardashian Bound and Gagged at gunpoint. Teen Vogue. October 3, 2016.
- 294.My Next Guest Needs No Introduction with David Letterman Kim Kardashian West on Paris Robbery. YouTube. October 20, 2020.
- 295.Kim Kardashian was bound, gagged and begging for life during Paris jewelry robbery. New York Daily News.
- 296.Puente, Maria. Kim Kardashian's Paris trauma: What we know. USA Today. October 3, 2016.
- 297.Charlton, Angela. Armed jewelry thieves target Kardashian West in Paris. The Big Story. October 3, 2016.
- 298.Grinberg, Emanuella. Kim Kardashian West in New York after robbery. CNN. October 3, 2016.
- 299.How Kim Kardashian Escaped After Being Bound and Gagged by Her Attackers. Cosmopolitan. October 4, 2016.
- 300.'Keeping Up With the Kardashians' placed 'on hold indefinitely'. New York Daily News. October 6, 2016.
- 301.French police suspected Kardashian West of letting the robbers in. CNN. October 12, 2016.
- 302.Radar. Kim Kardashian Exposed: Major Holes In Robbery Story, Police Video. October 11, 2016.
- 303.[UPDATED] Kim Kardashian Is Suing Multiple Sites for Claiming She Made Up Her Paris Robbery. Cosmopolitan.
- 304.Kim Kardashian West Sues Over 'Staged' Robbery Claims. ABC News.
- 305.Reuters. Kim Kardashian did not fake her robbery and she'll sue to prove it.
- 306.Kim Kardashian Drops MediaTakeOut Lawsuit. Fortune.
- 307.Kim Kardashian Halts MediaTakeOut Lawsuit. Vanity Fair.
- 308.Wagmeister, Elizabeth. 'Keeping Up With the Kardashians' Resumes Production With Kim Following Paris Robbery. Variety. October 26, 2016.
- 309.Cornevin, Oceane. Kim Kardashian West robbery suspects picked up by French police. CNN. January 9, 2017.
- 310.French police arrest 16 in Kardashian Paris robbery case. France 24. September 1, 2017.
- 311.Paris prosecutors seek trial for Kim Kardashian jewellery theft suspects. France 24. April 6, 2020.
- 312.Langsdon, Ian. France's Nickname for Kardashian Suspects: Grandpa Robbers. The New York Times. January 13, 2017.
- 313.Kim Kardashian's Paris robbery trial: Everything you need to know. news.sky.com.
- 314.Beardsley, Eleanor. 'Grandpa robbers' guilty: 8 convicted in Kim Kardashian Paris heist trial. NPR. May 23, 2025.
- 315.Weaver, Caity. Kim Kardashian West on Kanye and Taylor Swift, What's in O.J.'s Bag, and Understanding Caitlyn. GQ. July 2016.
- 316.Kim Kardashian Endorses Hillary Clinton: 'I'm With Her'. Entertainment Tonight. September 24, 2016.
- 317.Fray, Keith. Best statistics of 2017 are 69 and 0.1. Financial Times. December 18, 2017.
- 318.And the winner of the international statistic of the year is. World Economic Forum. January 2, 2018.
- 319.Why Kanye's Uganda trip was controversial. October 16, 2018.
- 320.Perrigo, Billy. Why Kanye West and Kim Kardashian Are Being Criticized for Meeting With Uganda's President. Time. October 16, 2018.
- 321.Jason Burke. Bobi Wine attacks Kanye West over Museveni meeting. The Guardian. October 16, 2018. 0261-3077.
- 322.Van Meter, Jonathan. The Awakening of Kim Kardashian West. Vogue. April 10, 2019.
- 323.Kim Kardashian reveals second law exam fail in TV show finale. BBC News. June 11, 2021.
- 324.Ng, Kate. Kim Kardashian fails law exam for a second time. The Independent. June 11, 2021.
- 325.Christen Jones, Zoe. Kim Kardashian West passes "baby bar" law exam. CBS News. December 13, 2021.
- 326.Kim Kardashian's Bar Results Revealed After Law School Program. E! Online. 2025-11-08.
- 327.Ghazanchyan, Siranush. Kim Kardashian calls to condemn Azerbaijani aggression against Artsakh, cut off US military aid. Public Radio of Armenia. September 27, 2020.
- 328.Blair, Caroline. Kardashians voice their opinions on an international crisis. Heavy. October 2, 2020.
- 329.@KimKardashian on X (Twitter). Twitter.
- 330.Brown, Daniel. Kim Kardashian and Leeds United help Afghan women's football team who escaped Taliban. SportsJoe. November 20, 2021.
- 331.Kim Kardashian and Leeds aid Afghan female footballers' flight to Britain. Kuwait Times. November 20, 2021.
- 332.A Look Back at the Kardashian Family's Humble Armenian Roots. People. April 10, 2015.
- 333.Kardashian sisters talk fashion and their Scottish links. Daily Record. November 9, 2012.
- 334.Kim Kardashian – The Armenian Interview. April 3, 2010.
- 335.'Time to Recognize the Armenian Genocide,' Says Kim Kardashian. Asbarez. April 21, 2011.
- 336.Kim Kardashian West: Armenian Genocide Victims 'Should Never Be Forgotten'. Time. April 24, 2015.
- 337.Kim Kardashian calls for recognition of Armenian Genocide. Public Radio of Armenia. April 25, 2016.
- 338.Kim Kardashian Is Taking Down the 'Wall Street Journal' Ad Denying Armenian Genocide. Mic. April 27, 2016.
- 339.Kim Kardashian West, whose father was Armenian-American, thanked Biden for formally recognizing the Armenian genocide. Insider Inc. April 24, 2021.
- 340.Sanchez, Ray. Khloé Kardashian thanks Biden for officially recognizing Armenian genocide. CNN. April 24, 2021.
- 341.Kim and Khloé Kardashian's Emotional Visit to the Armenia Genocide Memorial. People. April 10, 2015.
- 342.Shafer, Ellise. Kim Kardashian West Donates $1 Million to Armenia Fund Amid Ongoing Conflict With Azerbaijan. Variety. October 11, 2020.
- 343.Mccarty, Tyler. Kim Kardashian-West donates $1M to Armenia Fund amid ongoing conflict, urges followers to donate too. Fox News. October 11, 2020.
- 344.Amy Mackelden. Who is Alice Marie Johnson?. Harper's Bazaar. June 6, 2018.
- 345.Adriana Diaz. Alice Johnson embracing newfound freedom after two decades behind bars. CBS News. June 7, 2018.
- 346.Memphis drug dealer gets life in prison , Associated Press (February 23, 1997).
- 347.Oliphant, James. Trump commutes sentence after appeal by Kim Kardashian. Reuters. June 6, 2018.
- 348.McDonell-Parry, Amelia. Kim Kardashian, Activist, Visits White House to Call for Prisoner Freedom. Rolling Stone. September 6, 2018.
- 349.Diamond, Jeremy. How Jared Kushner, Kim Kardashian West and Congress drove the criminal justice overhaul. CNN. December 19, 2018.
- 350.Bennett, Brian. The Inside Story of How Prison Reform Got Done. Time. December 21, 2018.
- 351.Andrews-Dyer, Helena. Kim Kardashian is still fighting for criminal justice reform. The Washington Post. January 31, 2019.
- 352.Johnson, George. Opinion Kim Kardashian's 'prison reform' work reveals downsides of celebrity activism. NBC News. May 12, 2019.
- 353.Lewis, Sophie. Kim Kardashian West has helped free 17 people from prison in the last 90 days. CBS News. May 8, 2019.
- 354.Barnett, Brittany. Brittany K. Barnett is asking for donations. Facebook.
- 355.WILLIAM COWEN, TRACE. Lawyer Brittany K. Barnett Gives Backstory of Kim Kardashian's Work With 90 Days of Freedom. Complex. May 10, 2019.
- 356.Martinez, Kiko. Kim Kardashian Advocates for Texas Death Row Inmate Melissa Lucio. Remezcla. April 6, 2022.
- 357.Marcus, Josh. Why Kim Kardashian and others are rallying to stop the 'tragic' execution of Melissa Lucio in Texas. The Independent. April 6, 2022.
- 358.Wynne, Kelly. Kim Kardashian Celebrates Melissa Lucio Being Granted Stay of Execution: 'Best News Ever'. People. April 26, 2022.
- 359.Seemayer, Zach. Kim Kardashian Supports 'Free Gunna' Movement as Rapper Petitions Jail Release. Entertainment Tonight. July 20, 2022.
- 360.Wicker, Jewel. Gunna Denied Release From Jail Once Again, Despite Protests From Lawyers. Billboard. October 13, 2022.
- 361.Papp, Jozsef. Gunna and alleged gang co-founder negotiate guilty pleas in YSL RICO case. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. 1539-7459.
- 362.Gallagher, Alex. Gunna shares first photo since release from jail, calls for Young Thug to be freed. NME. January 12, 2023.
- 363.Darrington, Patrick. Kim Kardashian: Toforest Johnson is an innocent man. Alabama Political Reporter. January 1, 2024.
- 364.Hrynkiw, Ivana. Kim Kardashian: Alabama inmate Toforest Johnson on Death Row 'for a crime he did not commit'. AL.com. December 28, 2023.
- 365.Kim Kardashian Highlights on Toforest Johnson Instagram. Instagram. March 2024.
- 366.Chapoco, Ralph. Alabama death row inmate Toforest Johnson seeks new hearing on conviction • Alabama Reflector. Alabama Reflector. November 18, 2024.
- 367.Woerner, Michaela Zee,Meredith. Kim Kardashian Visits Menendez Brothers Along With ‘Monsters’ Actor Cooper Koch. Variety. 2024-09-22.
- 368.Moore, Julia. Kim Kardashian and Monsters Star Cooper Koch Visit Erik and Lyle Menendez in San Diego Prison. People. 2024-09-23.
- 369.Personal essay: Kim Kardashian says it’s time for the Menendez brothers to be freed. NBC News. 2024-10-03.
- 370.Menendez brothers case under review for possible resentencing amid new evidence, LA County DA says - CBS Los Angeles. CBS News. 2024-10-08.
- 371.Anguiano, Dani. California judge resentences Menendez brothers to be eligible for parole. The Guardian. 2025-05-14. 0261-3077.
- 372.Maddaus, Gene. Erik Menendez Denied Parole as Board Cites ‘Blind Spots’ in Rehabilitation. Variety. 2025-08-22.
- 373.Staff • •, NBCLA. Recap: Lyle Menendez denied parole. NBC Los Angeles. 2025-08-22.
- 374.Teen Choice Awards Nominations 2008. Los Angeles Times.
- 375.Buzz Sugar. Announcing the Winners of the 2009 Teen Choice Awards!.
- 376.Viacom Media Networks. 2010 Teen Choice Awards Winners List 'Twilight Saga,' Justin Bieber and Miley Cyrus are the night's big winners. MTV News. August 9, 2010.
- 377.Selena Gomez, Justin Bieber win Teen Choice Awards. Gulf News. Associated Press. August 8, 2011.
- 378.Girl, Cosmo. 2011 Teen Choice Awards Nominees. Seventeen. July 1, 2011.
- 379.Viacom Media Networks. Teen Choice Awards 2012: Complete Winners List Justin Bieber, Taylor Swift and 'Hunger Games' clean up Sunday night. MTV News.
- 380.Teen Choice Awards 2013: Full list of winners. Daily News.
- 381.Crist, Allison. Teen Choice Awards: Winners List. Hollywood Reporter. July 31, 2016.
- 382.Viacom Media Networks. People's Choice Awards 2012 Winners List Katy Perry, 'Harry Potter' and Emma Stone nab multiple awards. MTV News.
- 383.People's Choice Awards 2017: See the Full List of Winners. Billboard.
- 384.Razzie. Box Office Hits, Remakes and Sequels Dominate This Year's RAZZIE® Nominations.
- 385.Sitzer, Carly. Kim Kardashian Nominated For 'Worst Actress' Razzie Award. Check Out 5 Other Questionable Honors She's Received. In Touch Weekly. January 3, 2014.
- 386.Glamour. Kim Kardashian accepts her GLAMOUR Award. Glamour UK. June 20, 2011.
- 387.CFDA. cfda.com. May 9, 2018.
Bibliography printed in the source article · 3
- Kardashian, Kim. Kardashian Konfidential. St. Martin's Press. 2010. 9780312628079.
- Kardashian, Kim. Dollhouse. William Morrow and Company. 2011. 9780062063847.
- Kardashian, Kim. Selfish. Universe Publishing. 2015. 9780789329202.
References
Citations
References
Each reference names the institution holding it, so a reader may go to the document itself.
reference work
Partially resolvedauthority record
Unverified
The Encyclopedia exists whether or not anything is for sale. Corrections are recorded rather than overwritten, and every version of this record is kept. Published 14 August 2026.
Elsewhere in Fashion
2,260 published records in this field, each with its sources named.
- Kiko KostadinovDesigner
- Kiko MizuharaDesigner
- Kim GordonDesigner
- Kim Hong-joongDesigner
- Kim SmileyDesigner
- Kim WestDesigner
- Kimberley GarnerDesigner
- Kimberly CastilloDesigner
Best supported in this field
For owners
Own a work by Kim Kardashian?
A specialist will read what you send and tell you what the house can establish, what it cannot, and whether the object is suited to sale. There is no charge and no obligation. The object stays with you throughout; nothing is shipped to us unless it is arranged in writing beforehand.