Jean Gaston Darboux

Jean Gaston Darboux studied at École Normale Supérieure, Lycée Alphonse Daudet and Lycée Joffre. Training under Jean-Charles Dupain is recorded. Paul Barbarin is recorded as having studied under Jean Gaston Darboux. The recorded working language is French. The field of work recorded is geometry and mathematical analysis. Employment is recorded with University of Paris, Lycée Saint-Louis and Collège de France. Positions recorded include president of the Mathematical Society of France. Works named in the authority record are Darboux's theorem, Darboux frame, Darboux cyclide, Darboux cubic, Darboux derivative and Darboux differential equation. Distinctions recorded are Poncelet Prize, Grand Officer of the Legion of Honour, Grand prix des sciences mathématiques and Foreign Member of the Royal Society.

• Name — Jean-Gaston Darboux • Born — 14 August 1842 • Birthplace — Nîmes, France • Died — 23 February 1917 • Place of death — Paris, France • Education — École Normale Supérieure • Thesis Title — Sur les surfaces orthogonales • Thesis Url — https: patrimoine.sorbonne-universite.fr/idurl/1/1755 • Thesis Year — 1866 • Doctoral Advisor — Michel Chasles[1] • Doctoral Students — Émile Borel Élie Cartan Édouard Goursat Émile Picard Thomas Stieltjes Gheorghe Țițeica Stanisław Zaremba • Notable Students — Gaston Milhaud • Awards — Sylvester Medal (1916) ForMemRS (1902) Poncelet Prize (1875)

According to his birth certificate,[3] he was born in Nîmes in France on 14 August 1842, at 1 am. However, probably due to the midnight birth, Darboux himself usually reported his own birthday as 13 August, e.g. in his filled form for Légion d'Honneur.[4] His parents were François Darboux, businessman of mercery, and Alix Gourdoux. The father died when Gaston was 7. His mother undertook the mercery business with great courage, and insisted that her children receive good education. Gaston had a younger brother, Louis, who taught mathematics at the Lycée Nîmes for almost his entire life.[5] He studied at the Nîmes Lycée and the Montpellier Lycée before being accepted as the top qualifier at the École Normale Supérieure in 1861,[6] and received his PhD there in 1866. His thesis, written under the direction of Michel Chasles, was titled Sur les surfaces orthogonales. During his studies at the ENS, he also took lectures in Sorbonne University and Collège de France. • Illustration — Darboux as a student of the École Normale Supérieure, c. 1865 In 1870, he co-founded the journal Bulletin des sciences mathématiques et astronomiques,[7] called "Darboux's Journal" by his contemporary mathematicians. The publishing house was the Henry Gauthier-Villars et Cie Éditeurs, located in Paris.[8] In 1872, Darboux married the Beauvaisian milliner Amélie 'Célina' Carbonnier (1848–1911), daughter of Charles Louis Carbonnier, tailor, and Marie Victorine Anastase Hènocq. He and Célina had two children, Jean-Gaston (1870–1921), who was born at the time of the Siege of Paris and later became a marine zoologist at the Faculty of Science in Marseille, and Anaïs Berthe Lucie (1873–1970).[9] He participated in the foundation of the École normale supérieure de jeunes filles in 1880, an institute that aimed at training female educators and ran parallel to the École Normale Supérieure. Its first director was Julie Favre.[10] In 1884, Darboux was elected to the Académie des Sciences. Darboux made several important contributions to geometry and mathematical analysis (see, for example, linear PDEs). He was a biographer of Henri Poincaré and he edited the Selected Works of Joseph Fourier. Among his students were Émile Borel, Élie Cartan, Édouard Goursat, Émile Picard, Gheorghe Țițeica and Stanisław Zaremba. In 1892 he was awarded honorary membership of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society,[11] and in 1900, he was appointed the academy's permanent secretary of its Mathematics section. In 1902, he was elected to the Royal Society and the American Philosophical Society;[12] in 1916, he received the Sylvester Medal from the Society. In 1908, he was a plenary speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Rome.[13] He continued to contribute to the French Bulletin des sciences mathématiques, even after 1916.

Jean Gaston Darboux was recorded at birth as Jean-Gaston Darboux. The authorities additionally record the heading Darboux. His recorded language was French. His recorded confession was Protestantism. He married Célina Carbonnier. 2 children are recorded: Jean-Gaston Darboux and Lucie Darboux.

Jean Gaston Darboux worked in geometry and mathematical analysis. He was employed by University of Paris, Lycée Saint-Louis, Collège de France, Lycée Louis-le-Grand and École Normale Supérieure. Recorded position is president of the Mathematical Society of France. He belonged to Royal Society, Société Philomathique de Paris, German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina, French Academy of Sciences and Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities in Lower Saxony.