Homer Watson

Although Watson had almost no formal training, by the mid-1920s he was well known and admired by Canadian collectors and critics, his rural landscape paintings making him one of the central figures in Canadian art from the 1880s until the First World War.

The recorded working language is English. The field of work recorded is landscape painting. Subjects and genres recorded for the work are landscape. Work by Homer Watson is recorded in the collections of National Gallery of Canada, Montreal Museum of Fine Arts and Canadian War Museum. Distinctions recorded are Person of National Historic Significance.

• Name — Homer Watson • Birth Name — Homer Ransford Watson • Born — 14 January 1855 • Birthplace — Doon, Canada West • Died — 27 May 1936 • Place of death — Doon, Ontario • Field — Painter • Spouse — Roxanna Bechtel (m. 1881) • Movement — Barbizon School, founding member Canadian Art Club (1907-1915) and first president (1907-1911) • Works — The Flood Gate (1900)

• Illustration — Homer Watson's birthplace, pictured in 1866. Watson's grandfather, James Watson, built the house c. 1844. Homer Ransford Watson was born on 14 January 1855, in Doon, Ontario, the second of Ransford and Susan Mohr Watson's five children. A small village founded in the 1830s at the junction of Schneider's Creek and the Grand River, Doon's earliest documented population was 150 in the 1871 census. Watson descended from German Mennonite settlers who arrived in Ontario in the early 19th century. His father, a mill and factory owner, died in 1861 when Watson was six years old. Following Ransford's death, the family's only source of income was Susan's work as a seamstress. Ransford left behind a library of books that Watson studied from and influenced his early drawings. A gift of a set of paints from an aunt made him decide to become an artist. He sought the advice of Thomas Mower Martin in Toronto, and moved there in 1874. He copied works at the Toronto Normal School and was mainly self-taught, but met other artists in Toronto (e.g., Lucius O'Brien) while working part-time at the Notman-Fraser photography studio. In 1876, Watson traveled to New York State, and may have seen the work of painter George Inness. Although he never met Inness, he was influenced by the Hudson River School and painted along the Hudson and Susquehanna Rivers in the Adirondack Mountains. In 1880, the Marquis of Lorne opened the first exhibition of the Canadian Academy; Watson's work was displayed and he was elected an Associate member. That same year, he sold a major work, The Pioneer Mill, to the Marquis for Queen Victoria. Watson married Roxanna (Roxa for short) Bechtel in 1881, and the couple moved into the Drake House at Doon. They bought the house in 1883, and he kept the house as his permanent residence until his death. Watson painted the rural Grand River countryside for most of his artistic life. He was noted for his commitment to Canadian landscapes: he said at a lecture on "The Methods of Some Great Landscape Painters" at the University of Toronto in 1900: "there is at the bottom of each artistic conscience a love for the land of their birth... no immortal work has been done which has not as one of its promptings for its creation a feeling its creator had of having roots in his native land and being a product of its soil". The artists with whom Watson was most often associated were the English landscape painter John Constable (1776–1837) and such French Barbizon artists as Théodore Rousseau (1812–1867), Charles-François Daubigny (1817–1878), Narcisse Díaz de la Peña (1807–1876), Constant Troyon (1810–1865), Jules Dupré (1811–1889), and tangentially Jean-François Millet (1814–1875) because Watson didn`t share Millet's focus on the nobility of human figures. The thematic, formal, and psychological similarities between Watson, John Constable, and the Barbizon artists were strong. They were emotionally and psychologically devoted to landscapes with whose topography and inhabitants they were intimately familiar. In 1882, while touring Canada, Oscar Wilde first noted the similarity between Watson and Constable, dubbing him the "Canadian Constable" due to the similarity between Watson's work and of the great English landscape painter. Wilde and Watson may have met at public events. There may have been letters between the two men which could be in a private collection or lost. Watson moved to England in 1887 for three years (1887–1890), and further established his reputation. Over the next few years, his works became increasingly popular among collectors and received prizes at expositions across North America. In 1902, at the height of his British career, he exhibited The Flood Gate. In 1904, he won a bronze medal at the Canadian exhibition at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis, Missouri. He campaigned to save the Waterloo County woodlands that he had preserved in his landscapes. Due to the Stock Market Crash of 1929 in which he lost his savings, he was forced to hand over many works from his personal collection to the local savings & loans firm, which held them for security and then tried to sell the paintings itself. Homer Watson died in Doon on May 30, 1936.

• Illustration — Old Mill and Stream 1879 • Illustration — The Castellated Cliff 1879 • Illustration — The Stone Road 1881 • Illustration — Down in the Laurentides 1882 • Illustration — Near the Close of a Stormy Day 1884 • Illustration — Nut Gatherers in the Forest 1900 • Illustration — The Flood Gates 1901 • Illustration — Rushing Stream by Moonlight 1905 • Illustration — Pink Bush 1906 • Illustration — Study for Red Oak 1917 • Illustration — Moonlight, Waning Winter 1924 • Illustration — Mountain River 1932