Gene Vincent

In the UK, he was a somewhat bigger star, racking up eight top-40 hits from 1956 to 1961. Vincent was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the Rockabilly Hall of Fame. He is sometimes referred to by his somewhat unusual nickname/moniker, the "Screaming End".

• Name — Gene Vincent • Birth Name — Vincent Eugene Craddock • Born — 11 February 1935 • Birthplace — Norfolk, Virginia, U.S. • Died — 12 October 1971 • Place of death — Newhall, California, U.S. • Occupation — * Singer • songwriter • guitarist

Vincent Eugene Craddock was born February 11, 1935, in Norfolk, Virginia, to Mary Louise and Ezekiah Jackson Craddock. His musical influences included country, rhythm and blues, and gospel. His favorite composition was Beethoven's Egmont overture. He showed his first real interest in music while his family lived in Munden Point (now Virginia Beach), in Princess Anne County, Virginia, near the North Carolina line, where they ran a country store. He received his first guitar at the age of 12 as a gift from a friend. Craddock's father volunteered to serve in the U.S. Coast Guard and patrolled American coastal waters to protect Allied shipping against German U-boats during World War II. Craddock's mother maintained the general store in Munden Point. His parents moved the family to Norfolk, the home of a large naval base, and opened a general store and sailors' tailoring shop. Craddock dropped out of school at 17 in 1952 and enlisted in the United States Navy. As he was under the age of enlistment, his parents signed the forms allowing him to enter. He completed boot camp and joined the fleet as a crewman aboard the fleet oiler Chukawan, with a two-week training period in the repair ship Amphion, before returning to the Chukawan. He never saw combat but completed a Korean War deployment. He sailed home from Korean waters aboard the battleship Wisconsin, but he was not part of the ship's company. Craddock planned a career in the Navy, and in 1955, he used his $612 re-enlistment bonus to buy a new Triumph motorcycle. On July 4, 1955, while he was in Norfolk, his left leg was shattered in an auto crash. He refused to allow the leg to be amputated, and the leg was saved, but the injury left him with a limp and pain. He wore a steel sheath as a leg brace for the rest of his life. Most accounts relate the accident as the fault of a drunk driver who struck him. Years later in some of his music biographies, no mention is made of an accident, but it was claimed that his injury was due to a wound incurred in combat in Korea. He spent time in the Portsmouth Naval Hospital and was medically discharged from the Navy shortly thereafter.

Craddock became involved in the local music scene in Norfolk. He changed his name to Gene Vincent and formed a rockabilly band, Gene Vincent and His Blue Caps (a term used in reference to enlisted sailors in the U.S. Navy). The band included Willie Williams on rhythm guitar (replaced in late 1956 by Paul Peek), Jack Neal on upright bass, Dickie Harrell on drums (died May 31, 2023, at age 82), and Cliff Gallup on lead guitar. He also collaborated with another rising musician, Jay Chevalier of Rapides Parish, Louisiana. Vincent and His Blue Caps soon gained a reputation playing in various country bars in Norfolk. There, they won a talent contest organized by a local radio DJ, "Sheriff Tex" Davis, who then became Vincent's manager.

• Illustration — Advertisement featured in Cashbox, June 2, 1956 In 1956, he wrote "Be-Bop-a-Lula", which drew comparisons to Elvis Presley and which Rolling Stone later listed as number 103 on its "500 Greatest Songs of All Time". Local radio DJ "Sheriff Tex" Davis arranged for a demonstration recording of the song to be made, and this secured Vincent a contract with Capitol Records. He signed a publishing contract with Bill Lowery of the Lowery Group of music publishers in Atlanta, Georgia. "Be-Bop-a-Lula" was not on Vincent's first album and was picked by Capitol producer Ken Nelson as the B-side of his first single, "Woman Love". Prior to the release of the single, Lowery pressed promotional copies of "Be-Bop-a-Lula" and sent them to radio stations throughout the country. By the time Capitol released the single, "Be-Bop-a-Lula" had already gained attention from the public and radio DJs. The song was picked up and played by other U.S. radio stations (obscuring the original A-side song) and became a hit, peaking at number seven and spending 20 weeks on the Billboard pop chart and reaching number five and spending 17 weeks on the Cash Box chart, and launching Vincent's career as a rock-and-roll star. After "Be-Bop-a-Lula" became a hit, Vincent and His Blue Caps were unable to follow it up with the same level of commercial success, although they released critically acclaimed songs such as "Race with the Devil" (number 96 on the Billboard chart and number 50 on the Cash Box chart) and "Bluejean Bop" (number 49 on the Billboard chart and another million-selling disc). Cliff Gallup left the band in 1956, and Russell Williford joined as the new guitarist for the Blue Caps. Williford played and toured Canada with Vincent in late 1956, but left the group in early 1957. Gallup came back to do the next album and then left again. Williford came back and exited again before Johnny Meeks joined the band. The group had another hit in 1957 with "Lotta Lovin' (highest position number 13 and spending 19 weeks on the Billboard chart and number 17 and 17 weeks on the Cashbox chart). Vincent was awarded gold records for two million sales of "Be-Bop-a-Lula", and 1.5 million sales of "Lotta Lovin. The same year, he toured the east coast of Australia with Little Richard and Eddie Cochran, drawing audiences totaling 72,000 to their Sydney Stadium concerts. Vincent also made an appearance in the film The Girl Can't Help It, with Jayne Mansfield, performing "Be-Bop-a-Lula" with the Blue Caps in a rehearsal room. "Dance to the Bop" was released by Capitol Records on October 28, 1957. On November 17, 1957, Vincent and His Blue Caps performed the song on the nationally broadcast television program The Ed Sullivan Show. The song spent nine weeks on the Billboard chart and peaked at number 23 on January 23, 1958, and reached number 36 and spent eight weeks on the Cashbox chart. It was Vincent's last American hit single. The song was used in the movie Hot Rod Gang for a dance-rehearsal scene featuring dancers doing the West Coast Swing. Vincent and His Blue Caps also appeared several times on Town Hall Party, California's largest country music barn dance, held at the Town Hall in Compton, California. They appeared on October 25, 1958, and July 25 and November 7, 1959, but by the end of 1959, the Blue Caps were no longer part of the billing on Gene Vincent records. The late 1959 single "Wild Cat" was credited solely to Gene Vincent, and this was the case on all subsequent Gene Vincent releases.

A dispute with the US tax authorities and the American Musicians' Union over payments to his band and his having sold the band's equipment to pay a tax bill led Vincent to leave the United States for Europe. On December 15, 1959, Vincent appeared on Jack Good's TV show, Boy Meets Girl, his first appearance in England. He wore black leather, gloves, and a medallion, and stood in a hunched posture. Good is credited with the transformation of Vincent's image. After the TV appearance, he toured France, the Netherlands, Germany, and the UK, performing in his US stage clothes. On April 16, 1960, while on tour in the UK, Vincent, Eddie Cochran, and songwriter Sharon Sheeley were involved in a high-speed traffic accident in a private-hire taxi in Chippenham, Wiltshire. Vincent broke his ribs and collarbone and further damaged his weakened leg. Sheeley suffered a broken pelvis. Cochran, who had been thrown from the vehicle, suffered serious brain injuries and died the next day. Vincent returned to the United States after the accident. While they were preparing to board their taxi, Vincent and Cochran had rebuffed Tony Sheridan's request to ride along with them to the next venue. After escaping that fateful road accident, Sheridan soon relocated to Hamburg, where he helped influence the musical training of many British groups who would later become part of the British Invasion, including one of his backing bands, the Beatles. Promoter Don Arden had Vincent return to the UK in 1961 to do an extensive tour in theatres and ballrooms, including the Agincourt Ballroom, Camberley with Chris Wayne and the Echoes. In 1962, Vincent was on the same bill as the Beatles in Hamburg; Paul McCartney recalled an incident with a pistol at Vincent's girlfriend's hotel. In 1963, Vincent appeared in court for pointing a gun at his then-wife Margaret Russell and threatening to kill her, though his wife said in court that she had forgiven him. After the overwhelming success of the UK tour, Vincent moved to Britain in 1963. On a UK tour, Vincent had pulled a gun on Jet Harris, Harris hid behind John Leyton, the situation was defused and the three later became friends. His accompanying band, Sounds Incorporated, a six-piece outfit with three saxophones, guitar, bass, and drums, went on to play with the Beatles at their Shea Stadium concert. Vincent toured the UK again in 1963 with the Outlaws, featuring future Deep Purple guitar player Ritchie Blackmore, as a backing band. Vincent's alcohol problems marred the tour, resulting in problems both on stage and with the band and management.

Vincent's attempts to re-establish his American career in folk rock and country rock proved unsuccessful; he is remembered today for recordings of the 1950s and early 1960s released by Capitol Records. In the early 1960s, he also put out tracks on EMI's Columbia label, including a cover of Arthur Alexander's "Where Have You Been All My Life?" A backing band called the Shouts joined him. • Illustration — Vincent, 1967 In 1966 and 1967, in the United States, he recorded for Challenge Records, backed by ex-members of the Champs and Glen Campbell. Challenge released three singles in the US, and the UK London label released two singles and collected recordings on to an LP, Gene Vincent, on the UK London label in 1967. Although well received, none sold well. In 1968, in a hotel in Germany, Vincent tried to shoot Paul Raven, later to find fame as Gary Glitter. He fired several shots but missed, and a frightened Raven left the country the next day. In 1969, he recorded the album I'm Back and I'm Proud for long-time fan John Peel's Dandelion Records, produced by Kim Fowley with arrangements by Skip Battin (of the Byrds), Mars Bonfire on rhythm guitar, Johnny Meeks (of Blue Caps and Merle Haggard's the Strangers) on lead guitar, Jim Gordon on drums, and backing vocals by Linda Ronstadt and Jackie Frisco. While recording the track "Sexy Ways" for the album, Vincent threatened to get a gun from his car and shoot Paul A. Rothchild and John Densmore if they did not leave the studio; the pair then left the studio quickly. He recorded two other albums for Kama Sutra Records, reissued on one CD by Rev-Ola in March 2008. On his 1969 tour of the UK, he was backed by the Wild Angels, a British band that had performed at the Royal Albert Hall with Bill Haley & His Comets and Duane Eddy. Because of pressure from his ex-wife Margaret Russell, the Inland Revenue, and promoter Don Arden, Vincent returned to the US. His final US recordings were four tracks for Rockin' Ronny Weiser's Rolling Rock label, a few weeks before his death. These were released on a compilation album of tribute songs, including "Say Mama", by his daughter, Melody Jean Vincent, accompanied by Johnny Meeks on guitar. On September 19, 1971, he began his last series of gigs in Britain. He was backed by Richard Cole and Kansas Hook (Dave Bailey, Bob Moore, and bass player Charlie Harrison from Poco and Roger McGuinn's Thunderbyrd). They recorded four tracks ("Say Mama", "Be-Bop-A-Lula", "Roll Over Beethoven", and "Distant Drums") at the BBC studios in Maida Vale, London, for Johnnie Walker's Radio 1 show. The fifth record ("Whole Lotta Shakin' Goin' On") remained unfinished. He managed one show at the Garrick Night Club in Leigh, Lancashire, and two shows at the Wookey Hollow Club in Liverpool on October 3 and 4. Vincent then returned to the US and died a few days later. In September 1974, the BBC launched pop label BEEB with a maxi single by Vincent ("Roll Over Beethoven", BEEB 001). The single comprised three of these tracks. The four tracks are now on Vincent's album White Lightning.

• Bluejean Bop! (Capitol T764. US & UK) (8/13/1956) • Gene Vincent and the Blue Caps (Capitol T811, US & UK) (1957) • Gene Vincent Rocks! And the Blue Caps Roll (Capitol T970, US & UK) (3/1958) • A Gene Vincent Record Date (Capitol T1059, US & UK) (11/1958) • Sounds Like Gene Vincent (Capitol T1207, US & UK) (6/1959) • Crazy Times (Capitol T1342, US & UK mono) (Capitol ST1342, US & UK stereo) (3/1960) • The Crazy Beat of Gene Vincent (Capitol T 20453, UK) (1963) • Shakin' Up a Storm (Columbia 33-OSX 1646, UK) (1964) • Gene Vincent (London HAH 8333, UK) (1967) • I'm Back and I'm Proud (Dandelion D9 102, US) (1969) (Dandelion 63754, UK) (1970) • Gene Vincent (Kama Sutra KSBS 2019, US) (1970) retitled If Only You Could See Me Today (Kama Sutra 2361009, UK) (1971) • The Day the World Turned Blue (Kama Sutra KSBS 2027, US) (1970) (Kama Sutra 2316005, UK) (1971)

• Rhythm in Blue (bootleg) (Bluecap Records BC2-11-35, Canada) (1979) • Be-Bop-a-Lula (bootleg) (Koala KOA 14617, US) (1980) • Forever Gene Vincent (Rolling Rock LP 022, US) (1980) (contains four rare recordings by Vincent) • Dressed in Black (Magnum Force MFLP 016, UK) (1982) • Gene Vincent with Interview by Red Robinson (bootleg) (Great Northwest Music Company GNW 4016, US) (1982) • From LA to Frisco (Magnum Force MFLP 1023, UK) (1982) • For Collectors Only (Magnum Force MFLP 020, UK) (1984) • Rarities Vol 2 (bootleg) (Doktor Kollector DK 005, France) (1985) • Rareties (bootleg) (Dr Kollector CRA 001, France) (1986) • Important Words (Rockstar RSR LP 1020, UK) (1990) • Lost Dallas Sessions (Rollercoaster RCCD 3031) (1998) • Hey Mama! (Rollercoaster ROLL 2021, UK) (1998)

• Hot Rod Gang (Capitol EAP 1–985 US & UK) (9/58) • Be-Bop-a-Lula '62 (Capitol EAP 1-20448 France) (62) • Live and Rockin (Fan club issue UK) (69) • The Screamin' Kid Live! (bootleg) (no label 20240 France) (69) • The Screaming Kid (bootleg) (no label 20.266 France) (69) • Rainyday Sunshine (Rollin' Danny RD1 UK) (80) • On Tour with Gene Vincent & Eddie Cochran (Rockstar RSR-EP 2013 UK) (86) • In Concert Vol 1 (bootleg) (Savas SA 178305 France) (88) • The Last Session (Strange Fruit SFNT 001 UK) (88) • Hey Mama! (Rollercoaster RCEP 123 UK) (98) • Blue Gene (Norton EP-076 US) (99) (NB: This listing omits the many EPs of album tracks & compilations)

• Year — Titles (A-side, B-side) Both sides from same album except where indicated — US single — UK single — Peak chart positions — US album • US — UK — CAN • 1956 — "Be-Bop-a-Lula" b/w "Woman Love" — Capitol 3450 — Capitol 14599 — 7 — 16 — — — Gene Vincent's Greatest! • "Race with the Devil" b/w "Gonna Back Up Baby" (non-album track) — Capitol 3530 — Capitol 14628 — 96 — 28 — — • "Blue Jean Bop" b/w "Who Slapped John" — Capitol 3558 — Capitol 14637 — — — 16 — — — Bluejean Bop • "Jumps, Giggles and Shouts" b/w "Wedding Bells" — Not released — Capitol 14681 — — — — — — • 1957 — "Crazy Legs" b/w "Important Words" — Capitol 3617 — Capitol 14693 — — — — — — — The Bop That Just Won't Stop (1956) (released 1974), and on other albums. • "B-I-Bickey-Bi, Bo-Bo-Go" b/w "Five Days" (non-album track) — Capitol 3678 — Capitol 14722 — — — — — — • "Lotta Lovin'" b/w "Wear My Ring" (non-album track) — Capitol 3763 — Capitol 14763 — 13 — — — 2 — Gene Vincent's Greatest! • "Dance to the Bop" b/w "I Got It" — Capitol 3839 — Capitol 14808 — 23 — — — 6 — Non-album tracks • 1958 — "I Got a Baby" b/w "Walkin' Home from School" — Capitol 3874 — Capitol 14830 — — — — — — • "Baby Blue" b/w "True to You" — Capitol 3959 — Capitol 14868 — — — — — — • "Rocky Road Blues" b/w "Yes I Love You Baby" (from Gene Vincent's Greatest!) — Capitol 4010 — Capitol 14908 — — — — — — • "Git It" b/w "Little Lover" (from Gene Vincent's Greatest!) — Capitol 4051 — Capitol 14935 — — — — — — — A Gene Vincent Record Date • "Say Mama" b/w "Be Bop Boogie Boy" — Capitol 4105 — Capitol 14974 — — — — — — — Non-album tracks • 1959 — "Over the Rainbow" b/w "Who's Pushing Your Swing" — Capitol 4153 — Capitol 15000 — — — — — — — Gene Vincent's Greatest! • "Summertime" b/w "Frankie and Johnnie" (from Gene Vincent Rocks! And the Blue Caps Roll) — N/A — Capitol 15035 — — — — — — — A Gene Vincent Record Date • "The Night Is So Lonely" b/w "Right Now" — Capitol 4237 — Capitol 15053 — — — — — — — Non-album tracks • 1960 — "Wild Cat" b/w "Right Here on Earth" — Capitol 4313 — Capitol 15099 — — — 21 — — • "My Heart" b/w "I Got to Get You Yet" — N/A — Capitol 15115 — — — 16 — — — Sounds Like Gene Vincent • "Pistol Packin' Mama" US B-side: "Anna Annabelle" UK B-side: "Weeping Willow" — Capitol 4442 — Capitol 15136 — — — 15 — — — Non-album tracks • "Anna Annabelle" b/w "Accentuate the Positive" (from Crazy Times) — N/A — Capitol 15169 — — — — — — • 1961 — "Jezebel" b/w "Maybe" (from Sounds Like Gene Vincent) — N/A — Capitol 15179 — — — — — — — Bluejean Bop • "If You Want My Lovin'" b/w "Mister Loneliness" — Capitol 4525 — Capitol 15185 — — — — — — — Non-album tracks • "She She Little Sheila" b/w "Hot Dollar" — N/A — Capitol 15202 — — — 22 — — — Crazy Times • "I'm Going Home (To See My Baby)" b/w "Love of a Man" — N/A — Capitol 15215 — — — 36 — — — Non-album tracks • "Brand New Beat" b/w "Unchained Melody" (from Gene Vincent and the Blue Caps) — N/A — Capitol 15231 — — — — — — — Gene Vincent Rocks! And the Blue Caps Roll • "Lucky Star" b/w "Baby Don't Believe Him" — Capitol 4665 — Capitol 15243 — — — — — — — Non-album tracks • 1962 — "Be-Bop-a-Lula '62" b/w "King of Fools" — N/A — Capitol 15264 — — — — — — • 1963 — "Held for Questioning" b/w "You're Still in My Heart" — N/A — Capitol 15290 — — — — — — • "Crazy Beat" b/w "High Blood Pressure" — N/A — Capitol 15307 — — — — — — • "Where Have You Been All My Life" b/w "Temptation Baby" — N/A — Columbia 7174 — — — — — — • 1964 — "Humpity Dumpity" b/w "A Love 'Em and Leave 'Em Kinda Guy" — N/A — Columbia 7218 — — — — — — • "La Den Da Den Da Da" b/w "The Beginning of the End" — N/A — Columbia 7293 — — — — — — • "Private Detective" b/w "You Are My Sunshine" — N/A — Columbia 7343 — — — — — — • 1966 — "Bird Doggin'" b/w "Ain't That Too Much" — Challenge 59337 — London 10079 — — — — — — • "Lonely Street" b/w "I've Got My Eyes on You" — Challenge 59347 — London 10099 — — — — — — • 1967 — "Born to Be a Rolling Stone" b/w "Hurtin' for You Baby" — Challenge 59365 — N/A — — — — — — • 1969 — "Story of the Rockers" b/w "Pickin' Poppies" — Playground 100; Forever 6001 — Spark 1091 — — — — — — — Non-album tracks • "Be-Bop-a-Lula '69" b/w "Ruby Baby" — N/A — Dandelion 4596 — — — — — — — I'm Back and I'm Proud • 1970 — "White Lightning" b/w "Scarlet Ribbons" — N/A — Dandelion 4974 — — — — — — — I'm Back and I'm Proud • "Sunshine" b/w "Geese" — Kama Sutra 514 — N/A — — — — — — — Gene Vincent • "The Day the World Turned Blue" US B-side: "How I Love Them Old Songs" UK B-side: "High on Life" — Kama Sutra 518 — Kama Sutra 2013 018 — — — — — — — The Day the World Turned Blue

Gene Vincent is recorded with the occupation rockabilly musician. Recorded with the occupation singer-songwriter. Classed in the genre country music. Classed in the genre rockabilly. Recorded as guitarist, singer, singer-songwriter and rockabilly musician. Recorded at birth as Vincent Eugene Craddock. He also worked under the name Gene Vincent. The authorities additionally record the heading Vincent Eugene Craddock.