Freddy Fender

He recorded further country hits such as "Wasted Days and Wasted Nights," "Secret Love," "You'll Lose a Good Thing," "Living It Down," and "The Rains Came."

• Name — Freddy Fender • Birth Name — Baldemar Garza Huerta • Alias — * El Bebop Kid • Scotty Wayne • Born — 4 June 1937 • Birthplace — San Benito, Texas, U.S. • Died — 14 October 2006 • Place of death — Corpus Christi, Texas, U.S. • Instrument — * Vocals • guitar • Genre — * Tejano • country • rock • swamp pop • Occupation — * Singer • guitarist • Years Active — 1957–2005 • Label — * MCA • ABC • Arista • Reprise • Associated Acts — * Los Super Seven • Texas Tornados • Joe Reyes • Michael Morales • Website — freddyfender.com

Fender was born in San Benito, Texas, United States, to Margarita Garza and her Mexican husband, Serapio Huerta. He made his debut radio performance at age 10 on Harlingen, Texas, radio station KGBT, singing a then-hit "Paloma Querida." Fender dropped out of high school at age 16 in 1953, and, when he turned 17, he enlisted for three years in the U.S. Marine Corps. He served time in the brig on several occasions because of his drinking, and he was court-martialed in August 1956 and discharged with the rank of private (E-1). According to Fender, he later received a letter from the Department of the Navy stating that he wrongfully received a dishonorable discharge because of alcoholism, and he was given a general discharge. He returned to Texas and played nightclubs, bars, and honky-tonks throughout the south, mostly to Latino audiences. In 1957, then known as El Bebop Kid, he released two songs to moderate success in Mexico and South America: Spanish-language versions of Elvis Presley's "Don't Be Cruel" (as "No Seas Cruel") and Harry Belafonte's "Jamaica Farewell." He also recorded his own Spanish version of Hank Williams' "Cold, Cold Heart" under the title "Tu Frío Corazón" ("Your Cold Heart"). He became known for his rockabilly music and Eddie con los Shades persona. In 1958, he legally changed his name from Baldemar Huerta to Freddy Fender. He took the name Fender from the guitar and amplifier, and Freddy because the alliteration sounded good and would "sell better with gringos!" He then relocated to California.

In 1959, Fender recorded the self-penned blues ballad "Wasted Days and Wasted Nights." The song was a hit, but he was beset by legal troubles in May 1960 after he and a band member were arrested for possession of marijuana in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. After serving nearly three years in the Louisiana State Penitentiary, he was released through the intervention of then-governor Jimmie Davis, also a songwriter and musician. Davis requested that Fender stay away from music while on probation as a condition of his release. However, in a 1990 NPR interview on Fresh Air with Terry Gross (rebroadcast October 17, 2006), Fender said that the condition for parole was to stay away from places that served alcohol. Three singles were released in the early 1960s under the name Scotty Wayne. By the end of the 1960s, Fender was back in Corpus Christi, Texas, working as a mechanic and attending local institution, Del Mar College, while playing music only on the weekends.

• Illustration — Freddy Fender performing in 1977 In 1974 Fender recorded crossover ballad "Before the Next Teardrop Falls." The single was selected for national distribution and became a number-one hit on the Billboard Country and Pop charts. It sold over a million copies and was awarded a gold disc by the RIAA in May 1975. His next three singles, "Secret Love," "You'll Lose a Good Thing," and a remake of his own "Wasted Days and Wasted Nights," all reached number one on the Billboard Country chart. Between 1975 and 1983, Fender charted 21 country hits, including "Since I Met You Baby," "Vaya con Dios," "Livin' It Down," and "The Rains Came." "Wasted Days and Wasted Nights" became Fender's second million-selling single, with the gold disc presentation taking place in September 1975. Fender was also successful on the pop music charts. Besides "Before the Next Teardrop Falls" reaching number one on the pop chart in May 1975, "Wasted Days And Wasted Nights" went into the pop top 10 and "Secret Love" into the top 20. "Since I Met You Baby," "You'll Lose A Good Thing," (his last pop top 40) "Vaya con Dios," and "Livin' It Down" (his last to reach the pop top 100) all did well on the pop chart. At the Amusement & Music Operators Association (AMOA) Jukebox Awards in 1975, Fender was awarded "Artist of the Year" and "Record of the Year" for having the highest-earning songs played on jukebox machines in the United States.

In 1989, Fender teamed up with fellow Tex–Mex musicians Doug Sahm, Flaco Jiménez, and Augie Meyers to form the Texas Tornados, whose work meshed conjunto, Tejano, R&B, country, and blues to wide acclaim. When the Texas Tornados went to audition for Warner Bros. Records, Fender did not think that the group was strong enough, so he brought his own band. The audition was nearly a bust, because he played country music and that was not what the executives were looking for. Fender was persuaded to play some vintage rock and blues numbers, which was what the executives were looking for, and was subsequently given a record contract. After being a solo act, Fender was not sure if signing with a group was a good thing, but according to Fender, he "just wanted to record for a major label." The group released four albums and won a Grammy Award in 1990 for Best Mexican American Performance for the track "Soy de San Luis". Fender described the group in this way: "You've heard of New Kids on the Block? Well, we're the Old Guys in the Street." Following the death of Sahm, the Tornados' production slowed. A live 1990 appearance on TV's Austin City Limits, one of three the group made, was released in 2005 as part of the Live From Austin, Texas, series.

In the late 1990s, Fender joined another supergroup, Los Super Seven, with Los Lobos' David Hidalgo and César Rosas, Flaco Jiménez, Ruben Ramos, Joe Ely, and country singer Rick Trevino. The group won a 1998 Grammy in the Mexican American Performance category for their self-titled disc.

In 2001, Fender made his final studio recording, a collection of classic Mexican boleros titled La Música de Baldemar Huerta that brought him a third Grammy award, this time in the category of Latin Pop Album. Joe Reyes, who worked with Fender in 2004 for a Texas Folklife and Austin tribute titled "Fifty Years of Freddy Fender," said of the album: "When he did Mexican standards at that point in his career, I expected it to be good because he's a perfectionist. But that record is so beautifully recorded; his voice is perfection. I was so proud it was coming back to his roots."

On March 13, 2001, Fender was erroneously reported to be dead by Billboard. He laughed off the magazine's error. He underwent a kidney transplant in 2002, with the organ being donated by his daughter, and underwent a liver transplant in 2004. Nonetheless, his condition continued to worsen. He was suffering from an "incurable cancer" which had left him with tumors on his lungs. He died on October 14, 2006, at the age of 69 of lung cancer at his home in Corpus Christi, Texas, with his family at his bedside. He was buried in his hometown of San Benito. He said in a 2004 interview with the Associated Press that he wished to become the first Mexican American inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame.

• Year — Album — Peak chart positions — Certifications • US Country — US — AUS — CAN — RIAA — CRIA • 1974 — Before the Next Teardrop Falls — 1 — 20 — 42 — 10 — Gold — Gold • 1975 — Recorded Inside Louisiana State Prison — — — — — — — — — — — — • Are You Ready for Freddy? — 1 — 41 — 97 — 34 — — — — • Since I Met You Baby — 10 — 203 — — — — — — — — • 1976 — Rock 'n' Country — 3 — 59 — 98 — — — — — — • Your Cheatin' Heart — — — — — — — — — — — — • If You're Ever in Texas — 4 — 170 — — — — — — — — • 1977 — The Best of Freddy Fender — 4 — 155 — — — — — — — — • If You Don't Love Me — 34 — — — — — — — — — — • Merry Christmas / Feliz Navidad — — — — — — — — — — — — • 1978 — Swamp Gold — 44 — — — — — — — — — — • His Greatest Recordings — — — — — — — — — — — — • 1979 — Tex-Mex A — — — — — — — — — — — — • The Texas Balladeer — — — — — — — — — — — — • 1980 — Together We Drifted Apart — — — — — — — — — — — — • 1982 — The Border Soundtrack — — — — — — — — — — — — • 1991 — The Freddy Fender Collection — — — — — — — — — — — — • Favorite Ballads — — — — — — — — — — — — • 2001 — Forever Gold — 70 — — — — — — — — — — • 2002 — La Música de Baldemar Huerta — — — — — — — — — — — — • A Tex Mex peaked at No. 6 on the RPM Country Albums chart in Canada.

• Year — Single — Peak chart positions — Certifications (sales threshold) — Album • US Country — US — US AC — CAN Country — CAN — CAN AC — NZ — AUS • 1960 — "Holy One" — — — 107 — — — — — — — — — — — — • 1975 — "Before the Next Teardrop Falls" — 1 — 1 — 19 — 1 — 6 — 18 — 2 — 1 — * US: Gold — Before the Next Teardrop Falls • "Wasted Days and Wasted Nights" — 1 — 8 — 9 — 2 — 6 — 14 — 1 — 9 — * US: Gold • "Since I Met You Baby" — 10 — 45 — — — — — 52 — — — — — — — Since I Met You Baby • "Secret Love" — 1 — 20 — 10 — 1 — 38 — 7 — 10 — 33 — Are You Ready for Freddy? • 1976 — "The Wild Side of Life" — 13 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Since I Met You Baby • "You'll Lose a Good Thing" — 1 — 32 — 28 — — — — — — — 24 — — — Rock 'N' Country • "Vaya con Dios" — 7 — 59 — 41 — 1 — — — 48 — — — — • "Living It Down" — 2 — 72 — — — 1 — — — — — — — — — If You're Ever in Texas • 1977 — "The Rains Came" — 4 — — — — — 1 — — — — — — — — — Rock ’n’ Country • "If You Don't Love Me (Why Don't You Just Leave Me Alone)" — 11 — — — — — 16 — — — — — — — — — If You Don't Love Me • "Think About Me" — 18 — — — — — 10 — — — — — — — — • 1978 — "If You're Looking for a Fool" — 34 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — • "Talk to Me" — 13 — 103 — — — 10 — — — — — — — — — Swamp Gold • "I'm Leaving It All Up to You" — 26 — — — — — 20 — — — — — — — — • 1979 — "Walking Piece of Heaven" — 22 — — — — — 13 — — — — — — — — — Tex-Mex • "Yours" — 22 — — — — — 23 — — — — — — — — — The Texas Balladeer • "Squeeze Box" — 61 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — • 1980 — "My Special Prayer" — 83 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — • "Please Talk to My Heart" — 82 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Together We Drifted Apart • 1983 — "Chokin' Kind" — 87 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — • "—" denotes releases that did not chart

Freddy Fender was recorded at birth as Baldemar Huerta Garza. The authorities additionally record the headings Baldemar Huerta, Baldemar Garza Huerta and Scotty Wayne. His recorded languages were English and Spanish.

Freddy Fender is recorded as singer, songwriter, guitarist, musician and actor.

Fender was heavily influenced by the swamp pop sound from southern Louisiana and southeast Texas, as is shown by his recording swamp pop standards on his 1978 album Swamp Gold. One of his major hits, "Wasted Days and Wasted Nights," has a typical swamp pop ballad arrangement. Fender associated with swamp pop musicians such as Joe Barry and Rod Bernard, and issued many recordings on labels owned by Huey P. Meaux, a Cajun who specialized in swamp pop. As music writer John Broven observed, "Although Freddy was a Chicano from Texas marketed as a country artist, much of his formative career was spent in South Louisiana; spiritually, Fender's music was from the Louisiana swamps."

Fender received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1999. On June 5, 2005, Fender was present for the dedication of a $1.4 million water tower in San Benito. The tower bears an image of Fender along with the words "San Benito Hometown of Freddy Fender," and is visible when driving east on U.S. Route 83 through San Benito. On December 31, 2005, Fender performed his last concert and resumed chemotherapy. A Freddy Fender Museum and The Conjunto Music Museum opened November 17, 2007, in San Benito. They share a building with the San Benito Historical Museum. His family maintains the Freddy Fender Scholarship Fund and donates to philanthropic causes that Fender supported.