Azouaou Mammeri

Mammeri was born to the Aït Yenni tribe, the son of Saïd ben Mohammed. His family was that of hereditary Caïds, and the region in which he was born near the Kabylia Mountains was considered favorable for the colonial administration's goals of educating the indigenous in French language and culture. From 1906 to 1909, he attended l'École Normale d'Alger in Bouzareah, a training college for schoolteachers. He also visited various cities of France accompanied by student teachers.

Mammeri was appointed to a teaching position in October 1909 in Toudja, which is near Béjaïa. He met Édouard Herzig, who helped advise him when Mammeri started as a painter. In 1913, Mammeri was appointed to Gouraya, which is between Cherchell and Ténès, and met Léon Carré, who shared his knowledge of painting with him over a period of eight months. • Illustration — Mammeri's Koranic school drawing, 1918 In 1916, he went to Fez, Morocco, where his cousin, Mohammad Mammeri, was a tutor to the future Mohammed V of Morocco. Mammeri found success in Fez and Rabat as a teacher. Starting in 1917, he contributed to articles in the French government's magazine France-Maroc such as one discussing life in a bilingual primary school in Morocco. His article in the December 1918 issue of France-Maroc contained among other things, one of his important early works, Koranic School. The drawing is similar to his oil painting titled Interior of a Koranic School which is at the Cleveland Museum of Art. The Koranic School painting, along with a few others, were featured in an exhibition in Paris in 1921. In Mammeri's first exhibition in Paris, which was in 1917, he exhibited two landscape paintings of Fez, and in 1921, Léonce Bénédite acquired those for the Musée du Luxembourg. In 1921, Mammeri started exhibiting his art in Algiers.

• Illustration — One of Mammeri's woodcuts that was exhibited by the Brooklyn Museum in 1923 With Mammeri's return to Algeria, he became a caïd in 1922, acting as an administrator in the area where he grew up. This was during a period where French interest in his art was high, also attested to by three of Mammeri's woodprints being part of a print exhibition that happened at the Brooklyn Museum in 1923. The woodcuts were said to be from the Society for the Diffusion of French Knowledge in America by a New York Times article, which reflects how critics of the time perceived Mammeri as an "Occidental artist". Mammeri listened to the various problems of locals, who were also excited by Mammeri's art.

In 1927, Mammeri returned to Morocco where he was an art teacher in Fez. In 1928, he became a regional inspector of indigenous arts in Rabat and in 1929, he was appointed as inspector of Moroccan arts in Marrakech, a position he held until 1948 when he retired. After his retirement, Mammeri founded a museum for indigenous arts in Dar Si Said, a school, and orchestras of Andalusian and Berber music with a weekly radio program on Radio Rabat. He was made a knight in the Legion of Honour in 1950.

• Collective exhibitions: • 1917: Paris • 1921: Paris, Pavillon de Marsan • 1921: Algiers, Salon des Orientalistes Algériens • 1927: Algiers, Salon d'Hiver • 1930: Algiers • 1931: Paris, and in the following years Casablanca, Cairo, London, Oran, Rabat • 1934: Naples, Seconda mostra internazionale d'arte coloniale, • 1935: Marrakech, 1er Salon de la France d'Outre-Mer • 1936: Tunis, Salon de Tunis • 1937: Paris, Exposition universelle • 1937: Algiers • 1949: Oran • 1951: Monte-Carlo, Exposition artistique de l'Afrique française • 1953: Constantine, Algeria, 20e artistique de l'Afrique française • 1958: Brussels, Exposition universelle • 1963: Algiers • 1974: Turkey, Algerian Painters • 1999: Algiers • 2003: Marseille, Château Borély and Paris, Orangerie du Sénat, Le sicile de XXe dans l’art algérien • Personal exhibitions: • 1921: Paris, Galerie Feuillets d'art (preface by Léonce Bénédite) • 1924: Algiers • 1925: Galerie Georges-Petit, Paris (Marshal's letter by Lyautey) • 1927: Cleveland Museum, Brooklyn Museum and French Institute • 1952: Algiers, galerie Bosco • 1966: Algiers, Exposition rétrospective, Galerie Pasteur

• Institut du Monde Arabe, Paris: Intérieur de la mosquée Karaouine, 1921 • National Museum of Fine Arts of Algiers, Algiers: Village kabyle • Ahmed Zabana National Museum, Oran: La porte à Mogador • Musée d'Orsay, Paris: Vue de Fez, 1921 • Cleveland Museum of Art, Ohio: Interior of a School Coranique, 1923 • Cirta National Museum, Constantine • French Institute Alliance Française, New York

Azouaou Mammeri is recorded with the occupation painter. Recorded as a citizen of Algeria.