Arthur Somervell

Arthur Somervell studied at King's College. Norman O'Neill is recorded as having studied under Arthur Somervell. The recorded working language is English. The field of work recorded is music, arrangement and music education. Employment is recorded with Royal College of Music. Distinctions recorded are Knight Bachelor.

He was born in Windermere, Westmorland, the son of Robert Miller Somervell and his wife. His father was a shoe manufacturer who served as a JP, of "Hazelthwaite" at Windermere (1821-1899). The Somervell (originally Somerville) family came from Scotland, settling in London in the 1700s. Somervell's brother, Colin Somervell, became a shoe-manufacturer like their father and later served as High Sheriff of Westmorland in 1916. Colin's son, Maj. Arnold Colin Somervell, O.B.E., served in this office in 1936; later, other members of the Somervell family also served. Somervell was initially educated at Uppingham School and King's College, Cambridge, where he studied composition under Sir Charles Villiers Stanford. From 1883 to 1885 he studied at the High School for Music, Berlin, and from 1885 to 1887 at the Royal College of Music in London, under Parry. He studied composition with Friedrich Kiel. He became a professor at the Royal College of Music in 1894, and conducted his own works at the Leeds and Birmingham Festivals, 1895-97. In 1890 Somervell married Edith Lance Collet (1861-1944). There were four children: Viola Helen Antonia, Katharine Margaret, Hubert Arthur, and Ronald Arthur. Through their daughter Katherine ('Kit'), who became a dancer with Sergei Diaghilev's Ballets Russes, they were grandparents of writer Elizabeth Jane Howard. Somervell was also influential in the field of music education. He worked for twenty-eight years as one of His Majesty's Inspectors of Schools (HMI), with special responsibility for the teaching of music. He was appointed Inspector of Music at the Board of Education and Scottish Education Department in 1901 (succeeding John Stainer). In June the following year he received the degree Doctor of Music from the University of Cambridge. Somervell was knighted in 1929. After retirement he continued as Chairman of the School Orchestra Festivals, Queen's Hall, from 1932 until his death. He died at his home, 105 Clifton Hill, St John's Wood, aged 73. After he was cremated, his ashes were buried in the place of his birth, the Lake District, specifically within Grasmere Cemetery.

Somervell's style was conservative, and shows the influence of Mendelssohn and Brahms. He achieved success in his own day as a composer of choral works such as The Forsaken Merman (1895), Intimations of Immortality (which he conducted at Leeds Festival in 1907), and a short oratorio The Passion of Christ (1914). For a time this rivalled Stainer’s ubiquitous Crucifixion in popularity. His only symphony, Thalassa, was first performed in February 1913, and clearly follows on from the example of Brahms. The central ‘Lost in Action’ slow movement was regularly played as a stand-alone piece during the First World War. The Clarinet Quintet was first performed by Haydn Draper at the Wigmore Hall on 19 May, 1919, but received few other performances until the recent revival of interest. His Violin Concerto of 1930 was dedicated to the violinist Adila Fachiri. His popular Handel adaptation "Silent Worship" was featured in the 1996 film Emma. Today he is chiefly remembered for his song cycles, such as Maud (after Tennyson, 1898) and the first known musical setting (1904) of A. E. Housman's A Shropshire Lad. Trevor Hold points out that Somervell had "a genuine, deep affection for literature", reflected in his wide and eclectic choice of texts. Maud was the first successful English song cycle, and "remains one of the masterpieces of English song". Stephen Banfield considers the Robert Browning cycle A Broken Arc (1923) his best, and 'The worst of it' his best song.

• The Enchanted Prince • Princess Zara; Knave of Hearts (Novello) • Golden Straw (Curwen) • Thomas the Rhymer

• Thalassa Symphony in D minor (1912) (Boosey) • Helen of Kirconnel (Novello) • In Arcady (Suite for small orchestra) (Donajowski)

• Normandy, symphonic variations for piano and orchestra (Augener, 1911) • Concertstuck for violin and orchestra (Augener, 1913) • Highland concerto in A minor for piano and orchestra (1920) • Violin Concerto (1930).

• Mass • Power of Sound • The Charge of the Light Brigade • Elegy (Chorus and orch.) (Novello) • Song of Praise (chorus and orch.) (Metzler) • To the Vanguard; Passion of Christ (chorus and orch.) (Boosey) • Mass in D minor (Ricordi). • Windermere a tune to the hymn 'O Lord our God, arise!'

• Quintet for clarinet and strings • Suites, studies and pieces for violin and piano (Augener, Weekes, Williams and Ashdown) • Variations for 2 pianos (Augener)

• Six songs by Robert Burns (1885–86) • Maud Cycle (1898) • Four songs of Innocence (1899) • Singing Time, songs for small children (1899) • Love in Springtime Cycle (1901). (Boosey) • A Shropshire Lad Cycle (1904) • James Lee's Wife Cycle (1908) • A Broken Arc Cycle (1923) • Windflowers, Cycle for vocal quartet (Boosey).

• Rhythmic Gradus for pianoforte (Bosworth) • Exercises in sight-reading, etc. (Curwen) • School of Melody, 10 Progressive Tunes for viola and piano (1919): (Augener) • Sight-reading, 6 vols (Swan) • Sight-reading exercises (Augener) • Charts of the rules of Harmony and Counterpoint (Clarendon press)