Alfred Einstein

• Name — Alfred Einstein • Born — 30 December 1880 • Birthplace — Munich, German Empire • Died — 13 February 1952 • Place of death — El Cerrito, California, United States • Education — Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München • Occupation — Musicologist

Einstein was born in Munich. Though he originally studied law, he quickly realized his principal love was music, and he acquired a doctorate at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, focusing on instrumental music of the late Renaissance and early Baroque eras, in particular music for the viola da gamba. In 1918, he became the first editor of the Zeitschrift für Musikwissenschaft; slightly later he became music critic for the Münchner Post; and in 1927 became music critic for the Berliner Tageblatt. In this period he was also a friend of the composer Heinrich Kaspar Schmid in Munich and Augsburg. Einstein was Jewish; hence in 1933, after Hitler's rise to power in Germany, he was under dire threat and fled the country, moving first to London, then to Italy, and finally to the United States in 1939, where he held a succession of teaching posts at universities including Smith College, Columbia University, Princeton University, the University of Michigan, and the Hartt School of Music in Hartford, Connecticut. Einstein not only researched and wrote detailed works on specific topics, but wrote popular histories of music, including the Short History of Music (1917), and Greatness in Music (1941). In particular, due to his depth of familiarity with Mozart, he published an important and extensive revision of the Köchel catalogue of Mozart's music (1936). It is this work for which Einstein is most well known. Einstein also published a comprehensive, three-volume set The Italian Madrigal (1949) on the secular Italian form, the first detailed study of the subject. His 1945 volume Mozart: His Character, His Work was an influential study of Mozart and is perhaps his best known book.

While one source (1980) lists Alfred as a cousin of the scientist Albert Einstein, another claims (1993) that no relationship has been verified. Some websites claim they were both descended from a Moyses Einstein seven generations back, hence they were sixth cousins. In 1991, Alfred's daughter Eva stated that they were not related. On the other hand, she wrote in 2003 that they were fifth cousins on one side, and fifth cousins once removed on the other, according to research by George Arnstein. They were photographed together in 1947 when Albert Einstein received an honorary doctorate from Princeton, but they did not know that they were distantly related.

• Gluck (Master Musicians Series-Series Editor Eric Blom), translated by Eric Blom, J. M. Dent & Sons LTD, 1936 • A Short History of Music, translation of Geschichte der Musik, 1937, rev. 1938, 1947 • Canzoni Sonetti Strambotti et Frottole. Libro Tertio (Andrea Antico, 1517). Smith College: Northampton, MA, 1941 • Golden Age of the Madrigal: Twelve Five-Part Mixed Choruses. G. Schirmer: New York, 1942 • Greatness in Music, translation of Grösse in der Musik by César Saerchinger, Oxford University Press, 1941 • Mozart: His Character, His Work, translated by Arthur Mendel and Nathan Broder, Oxford University Press, 1945 • Music in the Romantic Era: A History of Musical Thought in the 19th Century, 1947, rev. 1949 • The Italian Madrigal, translated by Alexander H. Krappe, Roger H. Sessions, and Oliver Strunk, Princeton University Press, 1949 (3 volumes) • Schubert, translated by David Ascoli, Cassell & Co., 1951

• Zaslaw, Neal (1994). "Mozart As a Working Stiff". In Morris, James M. (ed.). On Mozart. New York: Cambridge University Press.