Ypsilanti

Known for being the home of Eastern Michigan University (formerly the Michigan State Normal College) since the university's founding as Michigan's first normal school (teachers' college) in 1849, its location on the historic Detroit–Chicago Road (now US Highway 12), its historic Depot Town commercial district, and for its distinctive Ypsilanti Water Tower constructed in 1890. The city is closely associated with Ford Motor Company's Willow Run Bomber Plant which manufactured over 8,500 Consolidated B-24 Liberator heavy bombers during World War II; Ypsilanti's Ford Lake was created when Ford Motor Company dammed the Huron River to generate hydroelectric power. Also home to the first Domino's Pizza location, located near EMU's McKenny Student Union in South Campus.

• Name — Ypsilanti, Michigan • Official Name — City of Ypsilanti • Nicknames — Ypsi • Settlement Type — City • Motto — "Pride. Diversity. Heritage." • Mapsize — 250 • Subdivision Type — Country • Subdivision Name — United States • Subdivision Type1 — State • Subdivision Name1 — Michigan • Subdivision Type2 — County • Subdivision Name2 — Washtenaw • Government Type — Council–manager • Leader Title — Mayor • Leader Name — Nicole Brown • Leader Title1 — Mayor pro-tem • Leader Name1 — Steve Wilcoxen • Established Title — Settled • Established Date — 1823 • Established Title2 — Incorporated • Established Date2 — 1832 (village) 1858 (city) • Unit Pref — Imperial • Area Total Km2 — 11.58 • Area Land Km2 — 11.12 • Area Water Km2 — 0.46 • Area Total Sq Mi — 4.47 • Area Land Sq Mi — 4.29 • Area Water Sq Mi — 0.18 • Population As Of — 2020 • Population Total — 20648 • Population Density Km2 — 1857.19 • Population Density Sq Mi — 4809.69 • Timezone — Eastern (EST) • Utc Offset — -5 • Timezone Dst — EDT • Utc Offset Dst — -4 • Elevation M — 219 • Elevation Ft — 719 • Postal Code Type — ZIP code(s) • Postal Code — 48197, 48198 • Area Code — 734 • Blank Name — FIPS code • Blank Info — 26-89140 • Blank1 Name — GNIS feature ID • Blank1 Info — 1616910 • Website — https: cityofypsilanti.com/ • Named For — Demetrios Ypsilantis

• Illustration — Buildings in Depot Town Originally a trading post established in 1809 by a French-Canadian fur trader from Montreal, a permanent settlement was established on the east side of the Huron River in 1823 by Major Thomas Woodruff. It was incorporated into the Territory of Michigan as the village Woodruff's Grove. A separate community a short distance away on the west side of the river was established in 1825 under the name "Ypsilanti", after Demetrios Ypsilantis, a hero in the Greek War of Independence. Woodruff's Grove changed its name to Ypsilanti in 1829, the year its namesake effectively won the war for Greek Independence at the Battle of Petra, with the two communities eventually merging. A bust of Demetrios Ypsilantis by Greek sculptor Christopher Nastos stands between a Greek and a US flag at the base of the landmark Ypsilanti Water Tower. Elijah McCoy lived in Ypsilanti with his family after moving from Canada following the Civil War. In Ypsilanti, racial barriers prevented him from working immediately as an engineer, so he took a position as a fireman and oiler for the Michigan Central Railroad while experimenting with machinery in a home workshop. It was during this period in Ypsilanti that he developed his first automatic lubricator. Today, Ypsilanti honors McCoy’s connection to the city with a Michigan historical marker at or near his former home and workshop. In the late 19th century, Ypsilanti became known for producing full-body long underwear called union suits, commonly referred to as "Ypsilanti suits." The garments were made at the Hay & Todd woolen mill, later renamed the Ypsilanti Underwear Company, along the Huron River near Forest Avenue. The suits were displayed at the 1893 The World's Columbian Exposition, (also known as the Chicago World's Fair) in Chicago and distributed internationally, earning the city a reputation for quality garment production. The factory employed many workers, particularly women, and featured a large mural of a union suit visible to passing trains. The company declined in the early 20th century, was sold to the Oak Knitting Company in 1907, and the mill buildings were demolished in 1933. Surviving examples of Ypsilanti underwear are preserved at the Ypsilanti Historical Museum. Ypsilanti has played an important role in the automobile industry. From 1920 to 1922, Apex Motors produced the "ACE" car. The quarter mile stretch of land along Michigan Avenue became a hub for car dealerships starting in 1912 when the first car dealership opened, and ending in the 1990s when the last dealership closed. This area has been referred to as "The Amazing Quarter Mile" and was eventually added to the Ypsilanti Historic District. This site is part of a collection of parcels known as the Water Street Redevelopment Area. It was in Ypsilanti that Preston Tucker (whose family owned the Ypsilanti Machine Tool Company) designed and built the prototypes for his Tucker '48. Tucker's story was related in the film Tucker: The Man and His Dream, directed by Francis Ford Coppola. In 1945, Henry J. Kaiser and Joseph W. Frazer bought the nearby Willow Run B-24 Liberator bomber plant from Ford Motor Company, and started to make Kaiser and Frazer model cars in 1947. The last Kaiser car made in Ypsilanti rolled off the assembly line in 1953, when the company merged with Willys–Overland and moved production to Toledo, Ohio. General Motors purchased the Kaiser Frazer plant, and converted it into its Hydramatic Division (now called its Powertrain division), beginning production in November 1953. The GM Powertrain Division ceased production at this facility in 2010. Ypsilanti is also the location of the last Hudson automobile dealership. Today, the former dealership is the site of the Ypsilanti Automotive Heritage Collection. The museum is the home to an original Fabulous Hudson Hornet race car, which inspired the character Doc Hudson in the 2006 Pixar animated film Cars. In the early 1970s, the citizens reduced the penalty for the use and sale of marijuana to $5 (the Ypsilanti Marijuana Initiative; see also the Human Rights Party). In 1979, Faz Husain was elected to the Ypsilanti city council, the first Muslim and the first native of India to win elected office in Michigan. In the 1990s, Ypsilanti became the first city in Michigan to pass a living wage ordinance. On July 23, 2007, Governor Jennifer Granholm announced that Ypsilanti, along with the cities of Caro and Clio, was chosen by the Michigan State Housing Development Authority (MSHDA) to take part in the Blueprints for Michigan's Downtowns program. The award provides for an economic development consultant to assist Ypsilanti in developing a growth and job creation strategy for the downtown area. On June 23, 2020, Mayor Beth Bashert resigned after a controversial comment she made about race during a Zoom meeting.

• Illustration — Michigan Firehouse Museum • 1929 – Miller Motors Hudson opens, it eventually becomes the last Hudson dealership in the world • 1931 – McKenny Union opens as the first student union on the campus of a teachers' college. • 1937 – American jazz musician Nat King Cole married singer and dancer Nadine Robinson at a private residence located at 370 First Avenue. The couple, who had met while performing in the musical revue Shuffle Along, were married on January 29, 1937. • 1939–mid‑1940s – Phyllis Diller lived at 215 ½ Oakwood Street in Ypsilanti while her husband worked at the Willow Run bomber plant. Locals recall her singing in the Presbyterian Church choir and performing at community events. She also developed early comedic routines referencing neighborhood life, which she later incorporated into her professional comedy acts. • 1967–1969 – Ypsilanti resident John Norman Collins was linked to the Michigan Murders, a series of killings targeting female students at the University of Michigan and Eastern Michigan University. He was arrested in July 1969 and convicted of one murder on August 19, 1970. • 1998 – The Michigan Firehouse Museum is established preserving a firehouse built in 1898.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.47 sqmi, of which 4.29 sqmi is land and 0.18 sqmi (4.02%) is water. The Huron River flows through Ypsilanti with Ford Lake on the southern edge of the city. Paint Creek also runs through the city. The Border-to-Border Trail runs through the city.

As of the 2020 census, Ypsilanti had a population of 20,648. The median age was 27.9 years. 14.6% of residents were under the age of 18 and 9.5% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 91.2 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 89.1 males age 18 and over. 100.0% of residents lived in urban areas, while 0.0% lived in rural areas. There were 8,600 households in Ypsilanti, of which 18.6% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 20.8% were married-couple households, 32.0% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 37.0% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 43.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. There were 9,236 housing units, of which 6.9% were vacant. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.3% and the rental vacancy rate was 4.8%. Racial composition as of the 2020 census • Race — Number — Percent • White — 12,619 — 61.1% • Black or African American — 4,926 — 23.9% • American Indian and Alaska Native — 113 — 0.5% • Asian — 657 — 3.2% • Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander — 40 — 0.2% • Some other race — 557 — 2.7% • Two or more races — 1,736 — 8.4% • Hispanic or Latino (of any race) — 1,316 — 6.4%

As of the census of 2010, there were 19,435 people, 8,026 households, and 2,880 families residing in the city. The population density was 4488.5 PD/sqmi. There were 9,271 housing units at an average density of 2141.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 61.5% White, 29.2% African American, 0.6% Native American, 3.4% Asian, 1.1% from other races, and 4.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 3.9% of the population. There were 8,026 households, of which 18.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 19.7% were married couples living together, 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 64.1% were non-families. 42.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.06 and the average family size was 2.92. The median age in the city was 25 years. 14.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 35.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.3% were from 25 to 44; 16.6% were from 45 to 64; and 8.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.7% male and 50.3% female.

As of the census of 2000, there were 22,362 people, 8,551 households, and 3,377 families residing in the city. The population density was 5,081.5 PD/sqmi. There were 9,215 housing units at an average density of 2,094.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 61.40% White, 30.58% African American, 0.44% Native American, 3.18% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 1.32% from other races, and 3.01% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 2.47% of the population. 13.6% were of German ancestry, 6.8% Irish, 6.4% English and 5.5% Polish heritage according to Census 2000. There were 8,551 households, out of which 19.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 23.0% were married couples living together, 13.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 60.5% were non-families. 40.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.15 and the average family size was 2.96. In the city, 15.9% of the population was under the age of 18, 38.2% was from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 12.4% from 45 to 64, and 7.0% was 65 years of age or older. The median age was 24 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.2 males. The median income for a household in the city was $28,610, and the median income for a family was $40,793. Males had a median income of $30,328 versus $26,745 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,692. About 16.9% of families and 25.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 30.1% of those under age 18 and 15.3% of those age 65 or over.

• Illustration — Martha Washington Theatre The Martha Washington Theatre opened in 1915. It was initially operated by Florence W. Signor, who was the only woman theatre operator in Michigan at the time. It was sold to W. S. Butterfield Theatres in 1925. It was converted to an adult theatre in 1971, then to a strip club in 1982. It closed in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and was damaged in a fire three months later. Domino's Pizza was founded in Ypsilanti in 1960 near the campus of Eastern Michigan University. By 1963, Clara Owens established the Ypsilanti Greek Theater in Ypsilanti, Michigan for the performance of Greek theater productions. Summer festivals that occur in Depot Town include the annual Ypsilanti Heritage Festival, Michigan ElvisFest, the Orphan Car Festival, the Michigan Brewers Guild Summer Beer Festival, a Latino festival. Riverside Arts Center, established in 1994, features a 115-seat black box theater and art gallery. Since 2013, Ypsilanti has participated in First Fridays, an arts and culture-based monthly event that features a self-guided tour of participating businesses highlighting local artists, food and drink. Ypsi Pride was established in 2017.

• Illustration — Ypsilanti Water Tower • Illustration — The Tridge Sites of interest include: • Ypsilanti District Library • Ypsilanti Historical Museum (housed in a Victorian mansion built in 1860) • Automotive Heritage Museum • Michigan Firehouse Museum • Ypsilanti Water Tower, built in 1890, described as Phallic architecture • Ypsilanti Food Co-op • Highland Cemetery, founded in 1864 • Pease Auditorium, built in 1914 (on the campus of Eastern Michigan University) • Starkweather Hall, built in 1896 as a student religious center • Peninsular Paper Dam • Ladies' Literary Club Building, built in approximately 1843 • Brinkerhoff–Becker House, built in 1863–1869 • The Tridge, a three-way wooden footbridge. • Ypsilanti Historic District, the second largest contiguous historic district in Michigan

• Illustration — Prospect Park Parks and recreation centers include: • Border-to-Border Trail • Prospect Park • Riverside Park, which hosts the Ypsilanti Heritage Festival, Michigan ElvisFest, and Michigan Summer Beer Festival • Frog Island Park • Rutherford Municipal Pool

Ypsilanti City Council is composed of a mayor and six council members elected from three voting wards. The city uses a council–manager government. The mayor is Nicole Brown. • Mayors of Ypsilanti, Michigan • * Image — Mayor — Years — Notes *? — –1891 * Henry Pierce Strong Glover — 1891–1892 * William B. Seymour — 1893–1894 * Harlow Davis Wells — 1895–1896 * Nolan Bruce Harding — 1897–1898 * Don Louis Davis — 1898–1899 * Henry R. Scoville — 1900–1901 * Oliver Emerson Thompson — 1901–1902 * Martin Dawson — 1902–1903 * Clifford R. Huston — 1903–1905 1905–1907 * John Patrick Kirk — 1908–1910 * Tracy Lay Towner — 1910–1912 * Fran Austin Norton — 1912–1914 * Lee Nathan Brown — 1914–1916 * Clarence V. Brown — 1916–1918 1918–1920 * Theodore E. Schaible — 1920–1922 * Emery Richard Beale — 1922–1924 * Hugh E. Vanderwalker — 1924–1926 1926–1928 * Matthew Max — 1928–1934 * Ray H. Burrell — 1934–1940 * Ross K. Bower — 1940–1946 * Daniel Trowbridge Kirk — 1947–1951 * Carl J. Scheffler — 1952–1954 *? — – * — John Burton — 1967–1968 — First appointed African-American mayor of Ypsilanti *? — 1968–1972 * George D. Goodman — 1972–1982 — First elected African-American mayor of Ypsilanti *? — 1982–2020 * Lois Allen-Richardson — 2020–2022 — First appointed female African-American mayor * Nicole Brown — 2022–Present — First elected female African-American mayor

• Illustration — Estabrook Elementary School in Ypsilanti

Ypsilanti Community Schools serve residents of the city, as well as parts of Ypsilanti Township and Superior Township. Ypsilanti Public Schools and Willow Run Community Schools merged to form a new, united district on July 1, 2013. Charter schools in the city include Arbor Preparatory High School. The High/Scope Perry Preschool Study, which studied the effects of preschool on the later lives of low income children, occurred in Ypsilanti.

A college town, Ypsilanti is the location of Eastern Michigan University, founded in 1849 as Michigan State Normal School. Eastern Michigan University had over 10,000 undergraduate and more than 2000 graduate students in 2025. Washtenaw Community College sponsors an off-site extension center in Ypsilanti.

Ypsilanti is served by daily newspapers from Detroit. Ypsilanti once had its own daily newspaper, the Ypsilanti Press, but that paper closed June 28, 1994, after 90 years in business. Upon closing, the Press sold its masthead, archives and subscriber list to The Ann Arbor News, which then began publishing an Ypsilanti edition. The Ann Arbor News ceased publication on July 23, 2009; it was replaced by a new Internet-based news operation, AnnArbor.com, which also produces print editions on Thursdays and Sundays. A weekly newspaper, the Ypsilanti Courier, is published every Thursday by Heritage Media from their Saline, Michigan offices. The only newspaper currently operating in Ypsilanti is Eastern Michigan University's independent newspaper The Eastern Echo. Local radio stations include: • WEMU FM – public radio • WQBR – EMU's student-run radio • WDEO – religious radio • WSDS – Spanish-language • WAAM – talk and news

• The 2009 film Whip It was partly filmed in Ypsilanti. • The 2010 film Stone was partially filmed at Emmanuel Lutheran Church. • The 2012 film The Five-Year Engagement was filmed in downtown Ypsilanti and surrounding areas. • The 2013 romantic drama Love and Honor includes scenes shot in Ypsilanti. • The 2017 film Three Christs includes establishing shots of Michigan Avenue and the water tower.

• Illustration — The freighthouse, a former train station converted to an event space

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Willow Run Airport, Ypsilanti's airport, located on the east side of the city, is a general aviation airport, operated by the Wayne County Airport Authority, which also operates Detroit's main airport.

• Ann Arbor Area Transportation Authority operates bus service in the area, with routes serving the Ypsilanti Transit Center.

• Blanch Ackers – folk artist and painter • Ella Anderson – actress known for her role on Henry Danger as Henry's overreactive sister Piper Hart • Nickolas Ashford – songwriter and singer in the duo Ashford & Simpson • BabyTron – rapper • Samiya Bashir – poet and author, born in Ypsilanti • Mike Bass – NFL player, defensive back for Detroit Lions (1967) and Washington Redskins (1969–1975), scored touchdown in Super Bowl VII • Walter Briggs Sr. – owner of Detroit Tigers 1919–1952, born in Ypsilanti • John Burton (1910–1992), first African-American mayor and one of three African-American mayors elected in 1967 prior to which none had served in Michigan • Emor L. Calkins – State president of the Michigan Woman's Christian Temperance Union for 25 years • Jalen Chatfield – professional ice hockey player • Byron M. Cutcheon – American Civil War general and U.S. Congressman • Brandon Denson – professional Canadian Football League player who plays defensive end for the Ottawa Redblacks • Amy Devers – furniture designer and TV personality (Freeform Furniture, Designer People, Trading Spaces, Fix This Yard, Home Made Simple) • Ron Fernandes – American football player • Adam Gase – former New York Jets head coach • Kyle Gupton – Basketball player • Rodney Holman – NFL player, tight end for the Cincinnati Bengals (1982–1992), and the Detroit Lions (1993–1995) • Jaylen Johnson (born 1996), basketball player for Hapoel Haifa of the Israeli Basketball Premier League • Zeke Jones – Olympic wrestler • Doug Kalitta – racing driver and owner of Kalitta Charters • Colby Keller – visual artist, blogger and pornographic film actor • Mike Kennedy – United States Congressman, raised in Ypsilanti and attended Ypsilanti High School. • Charles S. Kettles – retired United States Army lieutenant colonel and a Medal of Honor recipient. • Carolyn King – one of first girls to play Little League baseball; centerpiece of landmark lawsuit in 1973 that led to Little League dropping boys-only policy • Janae Marie Kroc – record-setting powerlifter and transgender model • Alfred Lucking – U.S. Congressman • Helen Walker McAndrew (1825–1906) – Washtenaw County's first female physician and participant in the Underground Railroad • William McAndrew (1863–1937), educator who served as the superintendent of Chicago Public Schools • Elijah McCoy – inventor and participant in the Underground Railroad in Ypsilanti • Shara Nova – lead singer and songwriter for My Brightest Diamond • K. J. Osborn – NFL player, wide receiver for the Washington Commanders • Russell C. Ostrander – former mayor of Lansing and Chief Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court • Frank Owen – pitcher for 1906 World Series champion Chicago White Sox • Lowell Perry – NFL football player, first African American hired to be assistant coach in the NFL • Iggy Pop – rock star, "Godfather of Punk" – grew up in the Coachville trailer park, lot 963423, on Carpenter Road in Pittsfield Township (near Ypsilanti) during his teenage years at the start of his music career. • Queen Naija – American R&B singer and YouTuber active from the 2010s through the 2020s; rose to prominence through social media and reality television before achieving mainstream success in contemporary and adult R&B. • Charles Ramsey – former Eastern Michigan Eagles men's basketball head coach; he played on the YHS baseball, basketball and football teams • Victor Roache – left fielder for Milwaukee Brewers • Bob Schneider – American singer-songwriter active from the 1990s through the 2010s, working in pop/rock and roots rock; notable for extensive solo output and earlier work with bands including The Ugly Americans. • Don Schwall – former MLB player (Boston Red Sox, Pittsburgh Pirates, Atlanta Braves) • Dax Shepard – actor, born in Ypsilanti • Ryan Shay (1979–2007) – long-distance runner • Michael Joseph Sobran Jr. – known professionally as Joseph Sobran, conservative writer and syndicated columnist • Bob Sutton – defensive coordinator for NFL's Kansas City Chiefs, New York Jets – head coach for Army 1991–1999 • Marie Tharp (1920–2006) – geologist who pioneered understanding of plate tectonics and continental drift • Preston Tucker (1903–1956) – automobile entrepreneur, owned the Ypsilanti Tool & Dye Company. • Edwin F. Uhl – mayor of Grand Rapids, ambassador, U.S. Secretary of State

• Elizabeth Meriwether's 2006 play Heddatron is largely set in Ypsilanti.