St Cyprian's School

The school was attended, among others, by: • Sir Cecil Beaton (1904–1980) – photographer, stage designer • Douglas Blackwood (1909–1997) – Battle of Britain fighter pilot, publisher • Derwent Hall Caine (1891–1971) – actor, publisher and Labour politician • Walter John Christie (1905–1982) – British India civil servant • Alan Clark (1928–1999) – military historian, Conservative politician and diarist • Cyril Connolly (1903–1974) – literary critic and writer • John Edmondson, 2nd Baron Sandford (1920–2009) – naval commander, clergyman, politician (Sandford Principle) • John D. Eshelby (1916–1981) – scientist in micromechanics ("Eshelby's Inclusion") • Henry R. B. Foote, VC (1904–1993) – major-general; awarded the Victoria Cross for World War II service in North Africa • Ian Fraser, Baron Fraser of Lonsdale (1897–1974) – World War I veteran, who lost his eyesight at the Somme; Chairman of St Dunstan's Charity; MP; BBC governor; first life peer • Dyneley Hussey (1893–1972) – war poet, music critic • Alan Hyman (1910–1999) – author, journalist and screenwriter • Alaric Jacob (1909–1995) – journalist, writer • David Kindersley (1915–1995) – stonecutter, letterer, typographer • Henry Longhurst (1909–1978) – MP, golfer, golf correspondent • Rupert Lonsdale (1905–1999) – World War II submarine commander/POW, Anglican clergyman • Seymour de Lotbiniere (1905–1984) – BBC director of outside broadcasting who initiated Test match commentary and masterminded the televising of the 1953 Coronation • Patrick de Maré (1916–2008) – British Army psychiatrist; consultant psychotherapist who specialized in group psychotherapy • John Marsden (1915–2004) – British intelligence officer, Eton schoolmaster and sculler • Gavin Maxwell (1914–1969) – naturalist, writer • E. H. W. Meyerstein (1889–1952) – writer, scholar • Anthony Mildmay (1909–1950) – amateur steeplechase jockey who rode in the Grand National • Russi Mody (1918–2014) – Indian businessman • Sir Cedric Morris Bt. (1889–1982) – artist, horticulturalist • Jagaddipendra Narayan (1915–1970) – Maharaja of Cooch Behar • Sir Hugh Norman-Walker (1916–1985) – Colonial Office official whose posts included Governor of the Seychelles and Colonial Secretary of Hong Kong • Toby O'Brien (1909–1979) – public relations expert who led Britain's efforts to counter Nazi Germany's propaganda • David Ogilvy (1911–1999) – advertising executive – known as the "Father of Advertising" • Sir David Ormsby-Gore, KCMG (1918–1985) – politician; British ambassador to the USA • George Orwell (né Eric Blair) (1903–1950) – writer, journalist, Spanish Civil War loyalist, author of Nineteen Eighty-Four • Kenneth Payne (1912–1988) – Olympic rower • Alec Pearce (1910–1982) – cricketer for Kent CCC, MCC and Hong Kong • Geoffrey Pidcock (1897–1976) – World War I RAF ace • H. Q. A. Reeves (1909–1955) – engineer (Welrod secret weapon) • Charles Rivett-Carnac (1901–1980) – Commissioner, Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) • Robert de Ropp (1913–1987) – biochemist, cancer research, writer on spiritual enlightenment • James Collingwood Tinling (1900–1983) – RAF officer, who co-built the first jet engine • Sir Charles Hyde Villiers (1912–1992) – businessman; one-time chairman of British Steel • Sir Lashmer Whistler (1898–1963) – general in British Army at El Alamein, Normandy landings and Operation Market Garden • John Vaughan Wilkes (1902–1986) – warden of Radley College and clergyman • Richard Wood, MP (1920–2002) – Conservative politician and minister • Philip Ziegler (1929–2023) – historian

The school's three most prominent writers included accounts of the school in their works. Connolly recalled his time at St Cyprian's in Enemies of Promise, published in 1938 with the name of the school disguised as "St. Wulfric's". With wry humour, he mocked the Wilkes and the ethos of "Character building", writing "We called the headmistress Flip and the headmaster Sambo. Flip, around whom the whole system revolved, was able, ambitious, temperamental and energetic." Connolly questioned the practice of British parents sending young children to boarding preparatory schools but concluded "Yet St [Cyprian's] where I now went was a well run and vigorous example which did me a world of good." His friend, George Orwell, disagreed and wrote disparagingly and bitterly of the school in the quasi-autobiographical essay Such, Such Were the Joys, first published in the Partisan Review (Sept.- Oct. 1952). By Orwell's own admission this was too libelous to print and under British libel laws could not be published while the people described in it were still living. It appeared in print in the United States in 1952 with the name of the school changed to "Crossgates", but not in the United Kingdom until after the death of Mrs. Wilkes in 1967. The thrust of Orwell's criticism was directed at the system of boarding school education that sent children away from their homes when they were no more than 7 or 8 years old, and at the unreflective elitism and classism of Britain before the First World War. This is evident from one of the closing passages of Orwell's essay. How would St Cyprian's appear to me now, if I could go back, at my present age, and see it as it was in 1915? What should I think of Sambo and Flip, those terrible, all-powerful monsters? I should see them as a couple of silly, shallow, ineffectual people, eagerly clambering up a social ladder which any thinking person could see to be on the point of collapse. Orwell attacked the presence of "nouveaux riches" and aristocrats at the school, who he thought received preferential treatment. In contrast, Gavin Maxwell's parents had chosen the school because it was less elitist and aristocratic than older prep schools. Maxwell found the school tough, but left primarily because he felt he was the target of resentment because of his aristocratic parents with their Scottish estates. Longhurst, who had great admiration for the school and for Mrs. Wilkes, described these authors' accounts of the school as unrecognizable, and would frequently defend "a very fine school" in response to reviewers of Orwell's work. His views were shared by W J L Christie, Indian Civil Service, who wrote a riposte to Orwell in defence of the school in Blackwood's Magazine (owned and edited by Douglas Blackwood). Both were particularly incensed by what in their opinion were totally inaccurate accusations against the Wilkeses. Cecil Beaton, who was at the school with Orwell, had a different reaction, describing the work as "Hilariously funny – but exaggerated". Orwell's essay has been dissected in detail and its reliability questioned by Pearce. Nearly all accounts of former pupils declare that the school gave them a good start in life but views of Mrs. Wilkes vary. David Ogilvy is critical, but Alaric Jacob praises her teaching, and Foote, Rivett-Carnac, and Wright refer to her with great affection. It was Connolly who, after reading his parents' papers, wrote apologetically: "The Wilkes were true friends and I had caricatured their mannerisms... and read mercenary motives into much that was just enthusiasm" and he described Mrs. Wilkes as "a warm-hearted and inspired teacher". Walter Christie's cap and other items are currently displayed at the Chalk Farm Hotel in Willingdon.