Sara Gwendolen Foulke

• Name — Sara Gwendolen Foulke • Other Names — Gwendolen Foulke Andrews; Richard De Veaux • Born — 26 June 1863 • Birthplace — Bala Farm, Chester County, Pennsylvania, U.S. • Died — 13 December 1936 • Place of death — Baltimore, Maryland, U.S. • Resting Place — Laurel Hill Cemetery, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. • Occupation — zoologist, marine biologist and poet • Education — Bryn Mawr College University of Pennsylvania • Known for — research into protoplasm • Notable Works — The Living Substance as such: and as Organism; The poems of Richard De Veaux.

Foulke was born at Bala Farm, Chester County, Pennsylvania, to Julia DeVeaux Powel (daughter of John Hare Powel) and her husband, William Parker Foulke. She was initially educated at private schools and subsequently attended Bryn Mawr College and the University of Pennsylvania. Further into her career she studied and undertook research at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and at the Station biologique de Roscoff. During the 1880s, Foulke focused her research on infusoria and rotifers, microscopic water inhabiting animals. She published a number of scientific articles on the subject. She also assisted Edward Potts by providing scientific illustrations for his publication Fresh water sponges; a monograph. Later she became interested in investigating the behaviour and form of protoplasm. In 1897, Foulke published an article titled The Living Substance as such, and as Organism in the Journal of Morphology. This article was initially criticised. Later in life Foulke developed an interest in child and animal psychology. However, by the time of her death, this work was regarded by her obituary writer Henry Van Peters Wilson, as a work of "genius".

Foulke died on 13 December 1936 at the age of 73 due to a heart attack at her home in Baltimore. She was interred at Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia. After her death, her husband published her poems in a two volume set under her pseudonym Richard De Veaux.

In 1894 Foulke was married to biologist Ethan Allen Andrews. The couple had three children.