Samuel Gray Ward
Samuel Gray Ward (October 3, 1817 – November 17, 1907) was an American poet, author, and minor member of the Transcendentalism movement. He was also a banker and a co-founder of the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Among his circle of contemporaries were poets and writers such as Ralph Waldo Emerson and Margaret Fuller who were deeply disappointed when Ward gave up a career in writing for business just before he married.
Also recorded as Samuel Ward
Samuel Gray Ward

Houghton Library · Public domain
- Name
- Samuel Gray Ward
- Born
- 3 October 1817
- Birthplace
- Portland, Maine, U.S.
- Died
- 17 November 1907
- Place of death
- Washington, D.C., U.S.
- Occupation
- Writer, banker
- Education
- Harvard College
- Nationality
- United States
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wikidata · Q18159087 · wikipedia · Samuel Gray Ward
In this article
Key facts
Key facts
• Name — Samuel Gray Ward • Born — 3 October 1817 • Birthplace — Portland, Maine, U.S. • Died — 17 November 1907 • Place of death — Washington, D.C., U.S. • Occupation — Writer, banker • Parents — Thomas Wren Ward Lydia Gray • Children — 4 • Education — Harvard College
Early life
Early life
Ward was born on October 3, 1817, in Portland, Maine. He was the son of Lydia Gray (1789–1874) and Thomas Wren Ward (1786–1858), who served as treasurer of Harvard from 1830 to 1842 and was the American agent for London-based Baring Brothers & Co., merchant bank. His brother was George Cabot Ward. Ward attended Harvard College and graduated along with Transcendentalist poet Jones Very, though the two were not friends. As a student, he boarded for a time with Professor John Farrar and his wife Eliza Ware Farrar. He joined the Farrars on a trip to Europe in the summer of 1836, though he broke from them for private travels to England, Paris, and Rome, before rejoining them in the Swiss Alps by August 1837.
Career
Career
Ward became associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and began contributing to the Transcendentalist journal The Dial, which published four of his poems in its inaugural issue. Emerson reflected on meeting him: "Beautiful among so many ordinary & mediocre youths as I see, was S. G. W. when I first fairly encountered him". Emerson particularly relied on Ward to inform him about art criticism; he wrote to Ward in 1838 that he was "especially curious of information on art & artists, of which however, I warn you, I know nothing." Emerson seemed particularly taken by the young man, writing to Ellery Channing in January 1840, "your friend Samuel G. Ward, whom though I have known but a little while I love much". A few months later, he told Ward, "I... wish you to love me". When Ellery Channing published his book of poems, Ward subsidized its printing. Emerson edited the project but told Ward that Channing "goes to the very end of the poetic license, and defies a little too disdainfully his dictionary and logic". Critic Edgar Allan Poe agreed and noted in his review of Channing's book that it was "full of all kinds of mistakes, of which the most important is that of their having been written at all". After Margaret Fuller's death in 1850, Emerson attempted to persuade Ward into writing her biography, though he declined. "How can you describe a Force? How can you write the life of Margaret?" he asked. Thanks to an inheritance from his father as well as his own business dealings, Ward became the wealthiest person among the Transcendentalist circle, though he did not pursue literature for long. Though Emerson chose four of his poems for his 1874 compilation Parnassus, Ward had stopped writing new poetry since his contributions to The Dial.
Personal life
Personal life
In 1840, Ward married Anna Hazard Barker (1813–1900), to the disappointment of their mutual friend Margaret Fuller. Barker's father, New York State Senator Jacob Barker (1779–1871), hired Ward to work as a banker, which Fuller worried removed him from a more aesthetic life. Ward had chosen such a career out of concern for proving he could support his soon to be wife. Fuller expressed her disappointment over Ward's decision in a letter to him, "I will confess, once and for all, I had longed to see you a painter... and not a merchant... when I learned you were to become a merchant, to sit at the dead wood of the desk, and calculate figures, I was betrayed into unbelief." Emerson was equally disappointed and wrote to fellow Transcendentalist Caroline Sturgis Tappan that the news affected him "with a certain terror" and he concluded that "happiness is so vulgar". Though he chose to pursue a career in business Ward continued to correspond with his friends in the Transcendentalist movement through the remainder of his life. Ward and Barker eventually had four children: three daughters and a son: • Anna Barker Ward (1841–1875), who married Joseph Marie Antoine Thoron, a French merchant, and died shortly after giving birth to her son, Ward Thoron. • Lydia Gray "Lily" Ward (b. 1843), who married German Baron Richard von Hoffman in 1870. • Thomas Wren Ward (1844–1940), who married Sophia Read Howard, a descendant of Gov. George Howard, in 1872. • Elizabeth Barker "Bessie" Ward (1847–1920), who married Austrian Baron Ernst Augustus Schönberg-Roth-Schönberg (1850–1924) and lived at his castle, Schloss Pallaus, in South Tyrol. For a time, the family kept a summer house in Lenox, Massachusetts, where a young Emma Lazarus would sometimes join them with her family. That home, built on land purchased in 1844, was named Oakwood and is an area now known as Shadow Brook Farm Historic District. Ward died on November 17, 1907, in Washington, D.C.
Descendants
Descendants
His granddaughter through his only son Thomas, Elizabeth Howard Ward (1873-1954) and Charles Bruen Perkins (1860-1929), a Harvard graduate who had studied architecture at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris who was the son of Charles Callahan Perkins (1823–1886), in 1896.

Sculpture; Sculpture
Augustus Saint-Gaudens · This file was donated to Wikimedia Commons as part of a project by the Metropolitan Museum of Art. See the Image and Data Resources Open Access Policy
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Portland.
Birth place
Washington and D.C.
Death place
Legacy
Ward was a founder of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in 1869, sat on the Board of Trustees from 1870 to 1889, and served as treasurer for a time. The institution now owns a bas-relief of Ward by Augustus Saint-Gaudens, who considered the work as one of his two best bas-reliefs.
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Part of the biographical narrative on this page reuses licensed material. Its origin, revision and licence are recorded here.
The biographical narrative on this page is based on the Wikipedia article Samuel Gray Ward, revision 1372830427 (EN edition), by its contributors. VALÉORINE has edited that text and built its own documentary record around it. The reused material is available under CC BY-SA 4.0, and this page's reuse of it is offered under the same licence. Everything else on this page — the chronology, the holdings, the evidence, the plates and the connections — is VALÉORINE's own record. Sources and licences.
Notes from the source article
Cited by Wikipedia
Notes from the source article
These works are cited by the source article, in its own numbering. They are recorded as its citations, not as sources VALÉORINE has verified.
- 1.THOMAS WARD DIES; HARVARD CLASS '66; Oldest Alumnus, 95, Former Banker Here, Friend of Justice Holmes and William James EX-AIDE TO LOUIS AGASSIZ With Scientist's Expedition to Brazil in 1865--Father Was College Treasurer, 1830-42. The New York Times. 19 July 1940.
- 2.Dowling, David. Emerson's Protégés: Mentoring and Marketing Transcendentalism's Future. Yale University Press, 2014: p. 136.
- 3.Matteson, John. The Lives of Margaret Fuller: A Biography. New York. W. W. Norton & Company, 2012: p. 97.
- 4.Matteson, John. The Lives of Margaret Fuller: A Biography. New York. W. W. Norton & Company, 2012: p. 130.
- 5.Wayne, Tiffany. Encyclopedia of Transcendentalism: The Essential Guide to the Lives and Works of Transcendentalist Writers. New York: Facts on File, 2006: p. 308.
- 6.Voelz, Johannes. Transcendental Resistance: The New Americanists and Emerson's Challenge. Dartmouth College Press and University Press of New England, 2010: p. 278.
- 7.Emerson, Ralph Waldo. The Letters of Ralph Waldo Emerson. Columbia University Press, 1990: vol. 7, p. 314.
- 8.Crain, Caleb. American Sympathy: Men, Friendship, and Literature in the New Nation. Yale University Press, 2001: p. 300.
- 9.Smith, Harmon. My Friend, My Friend: The Story of Thoreau's Relationship with Emerson. University of Massachusetts Press, 1999: p. 85. .
- 10.Richardson, Robert D. Jr. Emerson: The Mind on Fire. Berkeley, California: University of California Press, 1995: p. 318. .
- 11.Von Mehren, Joan. Minerva and the Muse: A Life of Margaret Fuller. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1994: p. 340.
- 12.Dowling, David. Emerson's Protégés: Mentoring and Marketing Transcendentalism's Future. Yale University Press, 2014: p. 139.
- 13.Voelz, Johannes. Transcendental Resistance: The New Americanists and Emerson's Challenge. Dartmouth College Press and University Press of New England, 2010: p. 146.
- 14.Dryfhout, John H. The Work of Augustus Saint-Gaudens. Lebanon, NH: University Press of New England, 1982 (reprinted, 2008): p. 120.
- 15.Department of Special Collections, Davidson Library, University of California, Santa Barbara. Guide to the Ward-Perkins Family Papers. Mss 129. www.oac.cdlib.org.
- 16.Thayer, William Roscoe. The Harvard Graduates' Magazine. Harvard Graduates' Magazine Association. 543. 1908.
- 17.James, Henry. The Complete Letters of Henry James, 1878-1880. U of Nebraska Press. 54–55. 2015. 9780803269859.
- 18.Schoener, Reinhold. Rome. S. Low, Marston & Company. 234. 1898.
- 19.Fraser, Mrs Hugh. A Diplomatist's Wife in Many Lands. Dodd, Mead and Company. 91. 1911.
- 20.Robinson, Caroline Elizabeth. The Hazard Family of Rhode Island, 1635-1894: Being a Genealogy and History of the Descendants of Thomas Hazard . 197. 1896.
- 21.DIED. Schoenberg. The New York Times. January 17, 1924.
- 22.Young, Bette Roth. Emma Lazarus in Her World: Life and Letters. Jewish Publication Society, 1995: p. 170.
- 23.Jackson, Richard S. and Cornelia Brooke Gilder. Houses of the Berkshires, 1870–1930. Acanthus Press 2011: pp. 44–49.
- 24.Dryfhout, John H. The Work of Augustus Saint-Gaudens. Lebanon, NH: University Press of New England, 1982 (reprinted, 2008): p. 33.
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The Encyclopedia exists whether or not anything is for sale. Corrections are recorded rather than overwritten, and every version of this record is kept. Published 15 September 2026.
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