Sahakdukht
Illustration — The Garni valley, where Sahakdukht spent much of her life as an ascetic living in a cave. Sahakdukht (daughter of Sahak; early 8th century) was an Armenian hymnographer, poet and pedagogue who lived during the early 8th century. She is the first known woman of Armenian literature and music.
Also recorded as Sahakdukht Siunetsi · Sahakdukht of Siunik · Sihaktoukht · Sahaduxt
Sahakdukht

Vyacheslav Argenberg · © Vyacheslav Argenberg · CC BY 4.0
- Born
- 700.
- Died
- 800.
- Occupation
- musician, poet and composer.
- Languages
- Armenian.
VALÉORINE Encyclopedia
VALÉORINE documentary reading
Documentary summary
Illustration — The Garni valley, where Sahakdukht spent much of her life as an ascetic living in a cave. Sahakdukht (daughter of Sahak; early 8th century) was an Armenian hymnographer, poet and pedagogue who lived during the early 8th century. She is the first known woman of Armenian literature and music.
Admitted source layer · organised and presented by VALÉORINE
Note VALÉORINE
Sahakdukht is described as composer, musician and poet. Sahakdukht was born in 700. Sahakdukht died in 800. The language is Armenian.
Composed from admitted, traceable facts · 26 September 2026
VALÉORINE
Reference Check
Propose documentary evidence for Sahakdukht. A contribution is never written directly as fact: identity, source, rights and evidence gates still decide.
Sign in to contribute
Documentary evidence
Evidence Panel
original value insufficient · checked 25 September 2026
- Identity
- resolved
- Independent source families
- 0
- Admitted assertions
- 0
- Open conflicts
- 0
Authority files
wikidata · Q2299938 · wikipedia · Sahakdukht
In this article
Life
Life
Along with her slightly later contemporary Khosrovidukht, she is among the earliest woman composers in history. Sahakdukht and her brother Ստեփանոս Սյունեցի, who became a noted composer and music theorist, were educated in Dvin. She then spent her life as an ascetic, living in a cave (a grotto) of the Garni valley where she wrote and taught music. Though she is said to have written much Christian music, particularly for the Virgin Mary, only a single sharakan (canonical hymn) survives, the acrostic "Srbuhi Mariam" ("Saint Mary"). The work shows considerable stylistic connections to contemporaneous Byzantine theotokions and kanons. Though her piece did not join the general xcl-Latn liturgy, Sahakdukht's oeuvre as a whole is thought to have exerted considerable influence on subsequent xcl-Latns; they introduced certain phrases into popular use and according to ethnomusicologist Şahan Arzruni they "helped to shape the development of the genre during subsequent centuries".
Extremely little is known about the life of Sahakdukht, also spelled as Sahakdoukht, or Sahakduxt. The information available is chiefly from an account of 13th-century historian Stepanos Orbelian. Active in the early 8th century, her brother was the composer and music theorist Ստեփանոս Սյունեցի, known for his sharakans (canonical hymns). Both Sahakdukht and her brother were educated at a cathedral school in the city of Dvin. She then spent her life as an ascetic, living in a cave (a grotto) of the Garni valley, near present-day Yerevan. There she produced ecclesiastical poems as well as liturgical chants. Sahakdukht is said to have taught music to children and amateur adults from Garni. Due to the conventions of her time, Sahakdukht gave such instruction while seated behind a curtain. In 1909, the Armenian poet and writer Sibil used Sahakdukht's role as a teacher to promote education for women, saying in a speech that: 1200 years ago the Armenian took great interest in women's education. It may come as a surprise when I say that Stephan Siunetsi's sister, Sahakdukht, established a music school in eighth-century Armenia; today such schools, which are the mark of a civilized nation, do not exist.
Works
Works
Sahakdukht is recognized as the first known woman composer and poet of Armenia, followed by her slightly later contemporary Khosrovidukht. She purportedly wrote many now-lost Christian religious compositions, including xcl-Latns (antiphons and anthems), sharakans and other melodies. The poetry for such genres included both rhyme and fixed verse. Sources say that such works were often written for the Virgin Mary, making them roughly equivalent to the contemporaneous Byzantine tradition of theotokions. The only composition by Sahakdukht to survive is the xcl-Latn "Srbuhi Mariam" ("Saint Mary"), an homage to Mary. It is a nine-stanza acrostic verse, where the first letter of each quatrain spells out 'Sahakdukht'. This piece is aligned stylistically with xcl-Latns of the 'Metzatsustse' (Magnificat) type. In addition, "Srbuhi Mariam"—and presumably much of Sahakdukht's lost oeuvre—is modeled after the Byzantine kanon like the works of her brother. This may be explained by the fact that Stepanos lived in Constantinople for many years, where Germanus I, an important proponent of early kanons, was active. See for an English translation of "Srbuhi Mariam". Some scholars, including Ghevont Alishan, Malachia Ormanian and Grigor Hakobian attribute Khosrovidukht's xcl-Latn "Zarmanali e indz" to Sahakdukht instead. Like the sole surviving work of Khosrovidukht, Sahakdukht's xcl-Latn has not garnered a position in the official collection of xcl-Latns. It is not found among the apocryphal xcl-Latns either. Nevertheless, Sahakdukht's xcl-Latns are thought to have had a considerable impact on subsequent generations; ethnomusicologist Şahan Arzruni notes that they "helped to shape the development of the genre during subsequent centuries". In addition, according to historian Agop Jack Hacikyan, phrases appearing in "Srbuhi Mariam" such as "incorruptible temple," "ray of divine light," and "tree of life" have since become standard and popular in Armenian religious poetry and music. • lang=hy | "Srbuhi Mariam" ("Սրբուհի՜ Մարիամ") Սըրբուհի՛ Մարիամ, Անապական տաճար Եւ կենարար բանին ծընող և մա՛յր. Օրհնեա՛լ ես դու ի կանայս, Բերկրեալ տիրամայր և կո՛յս։ Անդաստան հոգևոր և համապայծառ ծաղիկ, Որ ի հոգեհոս անձրևէն՝ հովանաւորեալ ի քեզ, Պըտղաբերեցեր ի հօրէ՝ յայտնեալ մարդկան. Օրհնեա՛լ ես դու ի կանայս, Բերկրեալ տիրամայր և կո՛յս։ Հաստատութիւն երկնի և երկրի, Կենդանութեանց բաշխող, Որ աստուածային լուսով ճառագայթիւքըն վայր իջեալ՝ Վերականգնեաց ըզնախահայրն ի գլորմանէ. Օրհնեա՛լ ես դու ի կանայս, Բերկրեալ տիրամայր և կո՛յս։ Աստանօր երկինք ի յերկրի երևեցար Եւ վեհագոյն քըրովբէից, Որ զերկնային զօրացն ըզտէրն Ի գիրկըս քո բարձեալ կրեցեր. Օրհնեա՛լ ես դու ի կանայս, Բերկրեալ տիրամայր և կո՛յս։ Կենացն փայտիւն հորդեցեր մեզ ճանապարհ Ի սրովբէափակ պահպանութենէ Եւ զբոցեղէն ըզսուրըն կապտեցեր. Օրհնեա՛լ ես դու ի կանայս, Բերկրեալ տիրամայր և կո՛յս։ Դո՛ւռն երկնից և է՛ջք աստուծոյ, Խաղաղութեա՛նց միջնորդ, Որ զնախամօրըն զԵւայի բարձեր զերկունըս՝ Տիրացեալ մահուն. Օրհնեա՛լ ես դու ի կանայս, Բերկրեալ տիրամայր և կո՛յս։ Ուրա՛խ լեր, բերկրեա՛լ, տէր ընդ քեզ ասելով Էլ բազմութիւնք հոգեղինացըն Հրաշալի ձայնիւ երգեն քեզ ըզբերկրումըն. Օրհնեա՛լ ես դու ի կանայս, Բերկրեալ տիրամայր և կո՛յս։ Հիւթական, եղական, անեղ բանին բընակարան, Որ ըզհուրն աստուածութեան Յորովայնի քում ընկալար և ոչ բոցակիզար Որպէս որմըն ըզմորենին, Այլ ծնար զաստուածըն բոլորից. Օրհնեա՛լ ես դու ի կանայս, Բերկրեալ տիրամայր և կո՛յս։ Խորհուրդ կենաց և փըրկութեան Վերաթևող եղեր աշխարհի. Երազապէս բարձրացուցեր ըզհողեղէնքս ընդ հոգեղէնսըն, Ի բնակութիւնըս հրեշտակաց. Օրհնեա՛լ ես դու ի կանայս, Բերկրեալ տիրամայր և կո՛յս։ Տո՛ւք ըզփառըս ի բարձունըս Թագաւորին յաւիտենից, Որ եկն և մարմնացաւ ի սուր կուսէն Եւ փըրկեաց զարարածըս ի մեղաց. Օրհնեա՛լ ես դու ի կանայս, Բերկրեալ տիրամայր և կո՛յս։ – Sahakdukht (8th century)[1]
Identity and origins
Identity and origins
Her recorded language was Armenian.
Life and career
Dated record
Life and career
The full dated record · 2 entries
700
Sahakdukht born.
800
Sahakdukht died.
Primary material
Documents and archives
reference work
- “Sahakdukht”, English Wikipedia, consulted as further reading
Reputable secondary · Wikipedia
authority record
- Wikidata, structured authority record Q2299938: Sahakdukht
Unverified · Wikidata
Notes ====== Citations ====== Sources
Notes ====== Citations ====== Sources
* * * * *
Notes from the source article
Cited by Wikipedia
Notes from the source article
These works are cited by the source article, in its own numbering. They are recorded as its citations, not as sources VALÉORINE has verified.
- 1.From the Armenian WikiSource
Bibliography printed in the source article · 8
- Arzruni, Şahan. Sahakduxt (fl. early 8th century). Armenian hymnographer, poet and pedagogue. The Norton/Grove Dictionary of Women Composers. W. W. Norton & Company. 1995. 978-0-333-51598-3.
- Hacikyan, Agop Jack. The Heritage of Armenian Literature: From the sixth to the eighteenth century. Wayne State University Press. 2000. 978-0-8143-3023-4.
- Columbia University Press. Anthology of Armenian Poetry. 1978. 978-0-231-04565-0.
- Jeffery, Peter. The Study of Medieval Chant: Paths and Bridges, East and West. Boydell Press. 147–210. 2001. 978-0-85115-800-6.
- Rowe, Victoria. A History of Armenian Women's Writing, 1880-1922. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 2003. 978-1-904303-23-7.
- Arzruni, Şahan. Sahakduxt. Grove Music Online. Oxford University Press. 2001. 10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.2021310.
- Hakobian, Grigor Arshaki. Sharakanneri zhanrě hay mijnadaryan grakanutʻyan mej. Haykakan SSH GA Hratarakchʻutʻyun. 167–171. 1980. 20294768.
- Orbelian, Stephen. Step'annos Orbelean's History of the State of Sisakan. Sources of the Armenian Tradition. 73. 2012–2015. 900239628.
References
Citations
References
Each reference names the institution holding it, so a reader may go to the document itself.
reference work
Partially resolvedauthority record
Unverified
The Encyclopedia exists whether or not anything is for sale. Corrections are recorded rather than overwritten, and every version of this record is kept. Published 14 August 2026.
Elsewhere in Music memorabilia
42,108 published records in this field, each with its sources named.
- Saga RecordsOrganisation
- Sage FrancisPerson
- Sage StallonePerson
- Sagopa KajmerPerson
- Şahan ArzruniPerson
- Sahba AminikiaPerson
- Saheb SarbibPerson
- Sahib ShihabPerson
Best supported in this field
For owners
Own a work by Sahakdukht?
A specialist will read what you send and tell you what the house can establish, what it cannot, and whether the object is suited to sale. There is no charge and no obligation. The object stays with you throughout; nothing is shipped to us unless it is arranged in writing beforehand.