Robert Garioch
Robert Garioch Sutherland (9 May 1909 – 26 April 1981) was a Scottish poet and translator. His poetry was written almost exclusively in the Scots language, he was a key member in the literary and language revival in the mid-20th century. However, his biggest influences were the 18th-century poet Robert Fergusson and the Italian Romanesco dialect sonneteer Giuseppe Gioachino Belli.
Also recorded as Robert Garioch Sutherland
Robert Garioch
- Born
- 1909. · Edinburgh.
- Died
- 1981.
- Nationality
- United Kingdom and United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
- Occupation
- translator, writer and poet.
- Movements
- Scottish Renaissance.
- Education
- University of Edinburgh and Royal High School.
- Honours
- Cholmondeley Award.
- Languages
- Italian.
In this article
Life
Garioch was born in Edinburgh, the son of a decorator and a music teacher, and attended the Royal High School before going to the University of Edinburgh. He was conscripted into the Royal Corps of Signals in 1941, and married early the following year. However, whilst serving in Operation Torch in North Africa, Garioch was captured by German troops in November 1942 and spent the following three years as a Prisoner of War. After Garioch returned to the United Kingdom in 1945 he became a teacher, a job he held until taking early retirement in 1964. Following his retirement he worked on a number of Scottish literary magazines, most notably Scottish International. He also spent a number of years in the 1970s as writer-in-residence at the University of Edinburgh.
Works
Experience as a POW had a significant impact on Garioch's career, and he provides a vivid account of those years in his autobiographical Two Men and a Blanket (1975). While interned in Italy, he learnt the language sufficiently well to read also authors who wrote in a variety of native dialects. Unlike many of his contemporaries, Garioch wrote very little poetry concerning his war experiences. Instead he focussed primarily on social causes and the plight of the 'wee man', a fact that may account for his enduring popularity (particularly on the readings circuit). These facts, however, have distracted many critics from his extraordinary technical skill and the responsible scholarship of his handling of the Scots language, in which he surpasses all his contemporaries and even his great predecessor Hugh MacDiarmid (of whom he became critical). And there are weightier poems, such as 'The Wire', 'The Muir' or 'The Big Music', which entirely contradict the cosy persona which he sometimes adopted, and which is more often projected onto him. Aside from his original compositions, Garioch also translated a number of works by other poets into Scots. He translated a large number of poems from Roman dialect by Giuseppe Gioachino Belli, who was a massive influence on his own poetry, as well as two plays by George Buchanan (which were originally written in Latin). He also rendered Pindar and Hesiod into Scots. Robert Garioch is commemorated in Makars' Court, outside The Writers' Museum, Lawnmarket, Edinburgh. Selections for Makars' Court are made by The Writers' Museum; The Saltire Society; The Scottish Poetry Library. • Garioch, Robert and MacLean, Sorley (1940), Seventeen Poems for Sixpence, The Chalmers Press. • Garioch, Robert (1949), Chuckies on the Cairn, The Chalmers Press. • Garioch, Robert (1966), Selected Poems, Macdonald Publishers, Loanhead. • Garioch, Robert (1973), Doktor Faust in Rose Street, Macdonald Publishers, Loanhead, • Garioch, Robert, "Alastair Mackie's Poetry, in Annand, J.K. (ed.), 'Lallans Number 1: Mairtinmas 1973, The Lallans Society, pp. 10 - 12 • Garioch, Robert (1975), Two Men and a Blanket: Memoirs of Captivity, Southside, London,. • Garioch, Robert (1975), review of Bennygoak and Other Poems by Flora Garry, in Calgacus 2, Summer 1975, p. 54, • Garioch, Robert (1983), Complete Poetical Works, Macdonald Publishers, Loanhead,.
Catalogued output
Publications and editions
The following works and productions are recorded by name or by count. Recorded with the occupation writer. Institutional cataloguing adds that robert Garioch is recorded with the occupation poet. It is also recorded that robert Garioch is recorded with the occupation translator. It is also recorded that robert Garioch is recorded as a citizen of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. It is also recorded that robert Garioch is recorded with the gender male. Born on 9 May 1909. Garioch died on 26 April 1981. Institutional cataloguing adds that robert Garioch is associated with Scottish Renaissance.
Licensing
Text attribution
Part of the biographical narrative on this page reuses licensed material. Its origin, revision and licence are recorded here.
The biographical narrative on this page is based on the Wikipedia article Robert Garioch, revision 1370423704 (EN edition), by its contributors. VALÉORINE has edited that text and built its own documentary record around it. The reused material is available under CC BY-SA 4.0, and this page's reuse of it is offered under the same licence. Everything else on this page — the chronology, the holdings, the evidence, the plates and the connections — is VALÉORINE's own record. Sources and licences.
Primary material
Documents and archives
scholarly publication
- Robert Garioch (i909-i98i), The Poetry of Scotland, 2019
Scholarly · Crossref registry · 2019
- Robert Garioch, The Edinburgh Book of Twentieth-Century Scottish Poetry, 2005
Scholarly · Crossref registry · 2005
reference work
- “Robert Garioch”, English Wikipedia, consulted as further reading
Reputable secondary · Wikipedia
- Wikidata, structured authority record Q2157241: Robert Garioch
Reputable secondary · Wikidata
Citations
References
Each reference names the institution holding it, so a reader may go to the document itself.
scholarly publication
Robert Garioch (i909-i98i), The Poetry of Scotland, 2019Crossref registry
Verifiedscholarly publication
Verifiedreference work
Partially resolvedreference work
Partially resolved
Held on the record
Further particulars
Open the remaining particulars
This entry is compiled from 6 catalogued sources across 3 independent registers. The registers consulted are Crossref registry, Wikipedia and Wikidata. Every statement above is held against the register that stated it; where the registers are silent, the entry is silent.
The Encyclopedia exists whether or not anything is for sale. Corrections are recorded rather than overwritten, and every version of this record is kept. Published 20 August 2026.
Elsewhere in Books
37,846 published records in this field, each with its sources named.
- Robert FilmerAuthor
- Robert FitzgeraldAuthor
- Robert FordAuthor
- Robert FrostAuthor
- Robert GarnierAuthor
- Robert Gavin HampsonAuthor
- Robert GiffenAuthor
- Robert GilbertAuthor
Best supported in this field
For owners
Own a work by Robert Garioch?
A specialist will read what you send and tell you what the house can establish, what it cannot, and whether the object is suited to sale. There is no charge and no obligation. The object stays with you throughout; nothing is shipped to us unless it is arranged in writing beforehand.