Ninja Golf

In a gameplay mix between the sports and beat 'em up genres, the ninja player character hits a golf ball at the beginning of each hole, then fights enemies in side-scrolling sections to reach it. Each green is guarded by a fire-breathing dragon boss that the player must defeat by throwing shurikens. Golf received mixed reviews at its release, though retrospectively it was commended for its unorthodox mix of genres and comparatively solid execution. An enhanced remake for iOS and Android was developed by Alpha Dog Games and released by Atari Interactive in 2019.

• Title — Ninja Golf • Developer — BlueSky Software • Publisher — Atari Corporation • Programmer — David A. Dentt David R. Sullivan • Artist — Dana Christian • Genre — Beat 'em up, sports • Modes — Single-player • Platforms — Atari 7800

• Illustration — The player (center) battles enemies in a sand trap. A mini-map and heads-up display cover the bottom third of the screen. Ninja Golf mixes golf and beat 'em up gameplay and puts the player in the role of a ninja who has completed their training, tasked with nine holes of the titular sport as a final test. Each hole (stage) begins with the player aiming their golf ball via a mini-map and shooting it toward the green. The path to reach the ball is set up like a traditional side-scroller, where the player fights other ninjas and hostile animals along the way. These creatures include gophers, birds, giant frogs, sharks, and snakes, depending on the environment. For instance, sharks are encountered in water hazards and snakes in sand traps. Ninjas exist in all the environments, including underwater. The player can dodge foes by jumping and crouching as well attack with punches, kicks, and a limited supply of throwing shurikens. All regular enemies die in a single hit. The player can pick up restorative items such as extra health, lives, and shurikens as well as temporary invincibility and an instant warp to the green. The pattern of taking golf swings and fighting towards the ball's landing spot repeats until the green is reached, where the player encounters a dragon boss that guards it. These battles take place in a third-person perspective. The player must hit the dragon with shurikens while moving either right or left to avoid its fireballs. The player's score increases with defeating enemies, picking up items, and finishes holes with a limited number of strokes. The game contains four difficulty levels: easy, medium, hard, and kamikaze.

Ninja Golf was developed by BlueSky Software with a team consisting of programmers David R. Sullivan and David A. Dentt alongside artist Dana Christian. Sullivan was contracted by BlueSky while Dentt was led to employment at the company in 1988 while working at arcade video game developer Cinematronics. Ninja Golf was one of several titles pitched by publisher Atari Corporation's internal software team in early 1989. Sullivan claimed that BlueSky was originally set to create a comedic platformer in the spirit of the film Caddyshack, but the simultaneous popularity of ninjas in the 1980s and the success of golf games like Mean 18 led to the finalized concept. "The way it was explained to me was that sports games were popular, ninjas were popular, so Ninja Golf", Dentt recounted. "One can not help but be in awe of the thought process!" After being given the concept, the team expanded on it as development progressed, frequently receiving feedback from Atari. According to Sullivan, Christian was responsible for the game's more absurd elements and Atari was unhappy that the game swayed from a more serious tone. The budget for the project was $77,000 USD. The programmers each worked on a separate port of the game: Dentt on a version for the Atari 7800 home console and Sullivan on a version for the Atari 8-bit computers. The two frequently shared code with one another at their weekly meetings at a Sizzler restaurant. Aside from some art, the builds were nearly identical. However, the 8-bit computer version was eventually cancelled and remaining work shifted solely to the 7800 release. Dentt's equipment consisted of an Atari ST and one external hard disk drive. The team had planned to implement a 3D renderer for the golf gameplay, but a simpler side-view was quickly added instead as combat became the main focus. When coding the graphics, Dentt recalled that the 7800 split the screen into three distinct sections. Each section could swap its palette during interrupt, increasing the possible total of colors on-screen at once. Dentt hid a joystick test within the game even after his producer insisted it be removed.

Ninja Golf was one of a plethora of games first unveiled by Atari at the summer 1989 Consumer Electronics Show. This came alongside an announcement that the company intended to further support its consoles even as its market share continued to dwindle against overwhelming competition from Nintendo. Ninja Golf was released in North America in the fourth quarter of 1990 and was one of the last titles for the Atari 7800. Atari manufactured about 100,000 cartridges for retail. The game has since seen numerous re-releases. It was included on the Internet Archive's MESS emulator in 2014; as part of a collection of Atari games for the Evercade handheld in 2020; on the short-lived Plex Arcade streaming service in 2021; on the Atari 50 compilation for eighth and ninth generation consoles in 2022; and on cartridge for the Atari 2600+ console in 2024. An enhanced remake of Ninja Golf was developed by Alpha Dog Games and published by Atari Interactive as a free-to-play application for iOS and Android around March 2019. Like the original game, the remake switches between golf and beat 'em up gameplay, but now features fully 3D graphics. In 2021, Atari sold off the distribution rights to the Ninja Golf remake alongside other free-to-play apps in order to refocus on marketing premium games for console and PC.