Nariman Narimanov

One of the central districts and one of the busiest metro stations in Baku, together with a number of streets, parks and halls all over Azerbaijan, as well as Azerbaijan Medical University, are named after him. In the Lankaran region, there is a town named Narimanabad in his honor. There are also towns named after him in other post-Soviet states, mainly in Russia.

Nariman Narimanov studied at Transcaucasian Teachers Seminary and Odesa University. The recorded working language is Azerbaijani and Russian. The field of work recorded is literature and politics. Distinctions recorded are Order of the Red Banner, Order of Saint Stanislaus, 3rd class and "Honorary Proletarian" badge.

• Name — Nariman Narimanov • Title — Minister of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan SSR • Term Start — May 1920 • Term End — 2 May 1921 • Predecessor — Fatali Khan Khoyski (ADR) • Successor — Mirza Davud Huseynov • President — Grigory Kaminsky (First Secretary of Azerbaijan Communist Party) • Office2 — Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars • Term Start2 — May 1921 • Term End2 — April 1922 • Predecessor2 — Office created • Successor2 — Gazanfar Musabekov • Birthplace — Tiflis, Russian Empire • Died — 19 March 1925 • Place of death — Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union • Party — RSDLP (Bolsheviks) (1905–1918) CPSU (1918–1925) • Resting Place — Kremlin Wall Necropolis, Moscow • Native Name — Nəriman Nərimanov

Nariman Narimanov was born on 14 April (2 April O.S.) 1870 in Tiflis, Georgia, then part of the Russian Empire into an ethnic Azerbaijani family. The Narimanov family were middle-class merchants and were able to send their son to the Gori Teachers Seminary, from which he graduated. Nariman Narimanov moved to Baku in 1891. During this period, he was involved in cultural, educational, literary, and political activities. In 1894, he established the first public national reading room for the Turkic-Muslim community in Baku. The library of the reading room included works from Eastern, Russian, and European literature, and it was enriched with newspapers, magazines, and books donated from cities such as Istanbul, Sofia, Cairo, Tehran, Tabriz, and others. In addition to his journalistic writings, Narimanov also prepared textbooks for students of the Azerbaijani and Russian languages. In 1896, Narimanov began teaching at the real school in Baku and carried out various studies in the field of humanities. In 1902, he passed an external exam and received a diploma from the Baku Boys’ Gymnasium named after Alexander III. In the same year, Narimanov enrolled in the Faculty of Medicine at the Imperial Novorossiya University in Odessa and formed a theater group composed of students during his university years. He later returned to Baku and served as the chairman of the founding commission of the First Congress of Muslim Teachers. In 1906, he went back to Odessa to complete his education. Between 1907 and 1908, his work Nadir Shah was performed in major theaters in the Volga region, Turkestan, the South Caucasus, and Tehran. He went on to attend medical school at "Imperial Novorossiya University" (present-day "Odessa University"), graduating in 1908. As a young man, Narimanov gained notice as a writer in Azerbaijan even before the revolution of 1905-1907, publishing novels which advocated for the abandonment of tired customs and religious superstitions. He simultaneously taught at a school in the village of Gizel-Adjal, Tiflis Province, where he became closely acquainted with the hard life of the local peasantry. Narimanov was one of the first activists of young Turkic literature. Nariman Narimanov's first literary work was the play “Ignorance” (Cahillik), published in 1894 and staged in Baku in 1895. The proceeds from the play were used to support the development of a reading room. Narimanov also authored several other works, including “Shamdan Bey” (1895), “Bahadır and Sona” (1896–1908), and “Nadir Shah” (1899). “Bahadır and Sona” is regarded as the first national novel in Azerbaijani literature, while “Nadir Shah” is considered to have laid the foundation for the first historical tragedy in Azerbaijani literary tradition. During the 1905 Revolution, Narimanov joined the Bolshevik party, took an active part and led the student movement in Odessa. He subsequently became one of the organizers of the Social Democratic Party. For these activities, Narimanov was arrested in 1909 and sentenced to five years' internal exile in Astrakhan. N. Narimanov returned to Baku on July 15, 1913. In the city, he worked in various hospitals as a doctor, department head, and administrator, while also continuing his literary and social activities. From April 15 to 20, 1917, he participated in the All-Caucasus Muslim Congress in Baku, guided by the “Hummet” Committee. • Illustration — Monument to Narimanov in Qusar • Illustration — The monument to Nariman Narimanov in Baku. After the October Revolution of 1917, Nariman Narimanov became the chairman of the Azerbaijani social democratic political party, Hummet (Endeavor), the forerunner of the Communist Party of Azerbaijan. He did not run for election on the Hummet slate, however, and was thus not a member of the Baku Soviet during the brief reign of the Baku Commune of 1918. He was appointed People's Commissar of National Economy by the Baku Soviet, however. Following the fall of the Baku Soviet, Narimanov managed to escape the city to Astrakhan, thereby avoiding the grim fate of the 26 Baku Commissars. He was there appointed chief of the Near East Division of the People's Commissariat of Foreign Affairs of Soviet Russia, later moving to a position as Deputy People's Commissar in the Commissariat of National Affairs. Narimanov was an advocate of national autonomy within a federated Soviet structure and is widely viewed as being instrumental in the July 1919 decision of the Politburo to recognize Azerbaijan as an independent Soviet Republic. In 1920, Narimanov was appointed the chairman of the Azerbaijani Revolutionary Committee (Azrevkom) and, shortly thereafter, the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars' (Sovnarkom) of the Azerbaijani Soviet Republic. In April and May 1922, he took part in the Genoese Conference as a member of the Soviet delegation. In 1922, he was elected the chairman of the Union Council of the Transcaucasian Federation. On 30 December 1922, the first session of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR elected Narimanov as one of the four chairpersons of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR. In April 1923, Narimanov was elected as a candidate for the Central Committee of the RKP(b) (Russian Communist Party of Bolsheviks). The charismatic moderate nationalist clashed with Joseph Stalin's close associate Sergo Ordzhonikidze, who led the Communist Party in Transcaucasia. As a result of this conflict, Ordzhonikidze had Narimanov transferred to posts in Moscow to remove him from the Caucasus.

The authorities additionally record the heading Nariman Karbalayi Najaf oghlu Narimanov. His recorded languages were Azerbaijani and Russian. He married Gulsum Narimanova. One child is recorded: Nacaf Narimanov. Other recorded relations include Gumru Narimanova.

Nariman Narimanov is recorded as politician, writer, playwright, physician and opinion journalist. Established in Bibliothèque nationale de France under 17774889j. Established in Library of Congress under n81007936. Established in VIAF under 5733373. Established in FAST under 66821.