Motohiro Kawashima

• Name — Motohiro Kawashima • Birthplace — Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture, Japan • Genre — * Chiptune • techno • Occupation — * Composer • DJ • Years Active — 1992–present • Website — Mvorak

Kawashima was born in Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. He grew up listening to artists such as George Gershwin, Ryuichi Sakamoto, and Haruomi Hosono. He later moved to Tokyo and got interested in techno culture. During his time at Kunitachi College of Music he began producing techno music and was introduced to Yuzo Koshiro, who was looking for staff at his company, Ancient. He would go on to join his company in 1992, where he composed for Shinobi II: The Silent Fury and the Game Gear and Master System versions of Batman Returns, with Koshiro assisting him on both projects. The two would work together again for Streets of Rage 2 and Streets of Rage 3, with him composing approximately half of the latter's soundtrack. During this time they would also frequently go to nightclubs together for musical inspiration. In addition to his work on video games, Kawashima has also composed for other productions, including songs for artists, commercials and anime. He currently works as a lecturer in the computer music department at Kuntachi College of Music. In 2010, he used the pen name Kashii while working as a commissioned composer for the music label D-topia Entertainment, as part of the duo Kylie & Kashii. He would also compose for the Brandon Sheffield-designed game Oh, Deer!, which released in 2015. He also returned to compose for Streets of Rage 4 (2020) along with Koshiro and several others. Kawashima has also released solo albums of instrumental electronic music, including Prepared Wave (2019) and Acrobatizm (2023).

• Year — Title — Notes • 1992 — Gage — Music with Yuzo Koshiro and Ayako Yoda • Batman Returns — Sega 8-bit versions; music • The G.G. Shinobi II: The Silent Fury — Music with Yuzo Koshiro • Streets of Rage 2 — Music with Yuzo Koshiro • 1994 — Streets of Rage 3 — Music with Yuzo Koshiro • Eye of the Beholder — Mega CD version; music with Yuzo Koshiro • 1995 — Manji: Psy Yuuki — Music with Yuzo Koshiro and Ayako Yoda • 1996 — Zork I: The Great Underground Empire — Music with Yuzo Koshiro • Vatlva — Music with Yuzo Koshiro • 1998 — Fox Junction — Music with Yuzo Koshiro and Ryuji Iuchi • 2003 — Group S Challenge — Music with TJD, Takeshi Yanagawa and C‑Robots • 2004 — Amazing Island — Music with Yuzo Koshiro and Tomonori Hayashibe • 2006 — The Law of Ueki — Music with Yuzo Koshiro and Takeshi Yanagawa • 2007 — Katekyo Hitman Reborn! Dream Hyper Battle! — Music with Yuzo Koshiro and Takeshi Yanagawa • 2008 — Katekyo Hitman Reborn! Battle Arena — Music with Takeshi Yanagawa • 2009 — Katekyo Hitman Reborn! Battle Arena 2 — Music with Takeshi Yanagawa • 2010 — Dead Heat — Music with Yuzo Koshiro • 2013 — Momoiro Billionaire! — Music with Yuzo Koshiro • 2015 — Oh, Deer! — Music • 2020 — Streets of Rage 4 — Music with various others

• Year — Title — Notes • 2002 — Pour La Vie / Fuschia — Music • 2005 — Mure ni Kaerenai Tori / Akiko Kawase — "D-Day" • Colorful / Saori Gotō — "Angel Sign" • 2008 — Chaos;Head — "Blood Tune" and "ESO"; with tOkyO • 2010 — Kor=girl I / Kor=girl — "Nanba" • Three Questions / Aira Mitsuki — "Human Future" • 2011 — ×~Park of the Safari / Aira Mitsuki x Saori@destiny — "Gate or Exit"