Modesto Brocos Gómez

• Name — Modesto Brocos • Birth Name — Modesto Brocos y Gómez • Born — 9 February 1852 • Birthplace — Santiago de Compostela, Spain • Died — 28 October 1936 • Place of death — Rio de Janeiro, Brazil • Field — painting, engraving, drawing • Movement — Realism

• Illustration — A Redenção de Cam (Ham's Redemption, 1895), a controversial commentary on "blanqueamiento", the progressive whitening of Brazil's population through intermarriage • Illustration — Portrait of Two Girls He was born in Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain, into a humble family with artistic inclinations. His grandfather and father were writers and his brother was the sculptor Isidoro Brocos, who was also his first teacher at the Academia de Belas Artes in A Coruña. At the age of eighteen, after completing his studies, he moved to Argentina, but was not successful there. Two years later, he moved to Brazil, where he eventually found work in Rio de Janeiro illustrating the mildly satirical weekly republican magazine O Mequetrefe (a term that describes a nosy person who is a bit of a scamp). This income enabled him to enter the Academia Imperial de Belas Artes, where he studied under Victor Meirelles and João Zeferino da Costa. After two years there, he moved to Paris, enrolled at the École des Beaux-Arts and took lessons from Henri Lehmann. Dissatisfied with what he was being taught, he moved on to Madrid, where he studied briefly at the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando), then in 1883 to Rome, after receiving a fellowship from the government of A Coruña. Once there, he worked with his countryman, Francisco Pradilla and spent five years at the Accademia Chigi. By 1890, he was exhibiting at the Salon and felt that his education was complete, so he accepted an invitation to teach at the Escola Nacional de Belas Artes (successor to the Imperial Academy) from its director, Rodolfo Bernardelli. He was able to become a naturalized citizen with little difficulty, and was appointed Professor of Figurative Drawing there, a position he held for the rest of his life, with a brief leave of absence to create some decorations for the Santiago de Compostela Cathedral. Brocos died in Rio de Janeiro on 28 November 1936.

• Francisco Pablos, Pintores gallegos del novecientos: Serafín Avendaño, Modesto Brocos, Roman Navarro..., A Coruña, Fundación Pedro Barrié de la Maza: Editorial Atlántico, 1981