Maria Petrovykh

Maria Petrovykh studied at Lomonosov Moscow State University. The recorded working language is Russian, Armenian and Lithuanian. The field of work recorded is creative and professional writing, poetry and translating activity. Subjects and genres recorded for the work are poetry.

Petrovykh was born in Norskii Posad, a village now within the city limits of Yaroslavl, where her engineer father worked in a cotton factory; her parents were married in 1896, and she was the youngest of five children. Her sister Ekaterina "suggests that the thoughtfulness and alertness that accompanied Petrovykh throughout her life were formed during their slow childhood walks with their nanny along the Volga; her sister claims as well that Petrovykh's characteristic independence and determination to carry through her decisions appeared early in life." Her mother's brother Dmitri Aleksandrovich Smirnov (1870–1940) and her father's brother Ivan Semyonovich Petrovykh (metropolitan Joseph, 1872–1937) were both priests who fell victim to Stalinist repression. From 1922 she lived in Yaroslavl, where she taught school and attended Writers' Union meetings; her poetry began to be appreciated there.

In 1925 she moved to Moscow, where she continued her studies at the State Higher Literary Courses (fellow students were Arseny Tarkovsky, Yuliya Neiman, Daniil Andreyev, and Yuri Dombrovsky; Tarkovsky described Petrovykh as the best poet of the group). At this time she married Petr Granditsky, but the marriage did not last long. She became a friend of both Anna Akhmatova, with whom she remained close until Akhmatova's death, and Osip Mandelstam, who fell in love with her in 1933 and dedicated to her what Akhmatova called "the best love poem of the twentieth century," "Masteritsa vinovatykh vzorov" (tr. by Richard and Elizabeth McKane as "The expert mistress of guilty glances"). In 1936 she married Vitaly Golovachev, and in 1937 their daughter Arina was born; a few months after her birth Golovachev was arrested and sentenced to five years in the Gulag (where he died in 1942). Petrovykh worked as an editor and translator for Moscow publishing houses; in the summer of 1941 she and her daughter were evacuated to Chistopol in Tatarstan, where they spent World War II. Her translations were primarily from Polish and Armenian but also from Serbo-Croatian, Bulgarian, and other languages. From 1959 to 1964 she conducted a seminar for young translators along with David Samoylov.

Petrovykh died in 1979 and is buried in Vvedenskoye Cemetery in Moscow.