Karol Modzelewski

Karol Modzelewski studied at University of Warsaw and XIV High School of Stanislaw Staszic in Warsaw. Training under Aleksander Gieysztor is recorded. The recorded working language is Polish, Russian and French. The field of work recorded is history, politics and non-fiction literature. Places of work recorded in the authority are Wrocław and Warsaw. Employment is recorded with University of Wrocław, University of Warsaw and Institute of Archeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Sciences. Positions recorded include Member of the Senate of the Republic of Poland. Works named in the authority record are Open Letter to the Party. Distinctions recorded are Order of the White Eagle, Prize of the Foundation for Polish Science, Nike Award and Knight of the Order of Polonia Restituta.

• Name — Karol Modzelewski • Born — 23 November 1937 • Birthplace — Moscow, Soviet Union • Died — 28 April 2019 • Place of death — Warsaw, Poland • Occupation — historian, writer, politician • Awards — Legion d'Honneur (2016) Nike Award (2014) Prize of the Foundation for Polish Science (2007) Order of White Eagle (1998)

He was the adopted son of Zygmunt Modzelewski. A professor at the University of Wrocław and the University of Warsaw, he was a member of the Polish United Workers' Party but was expelled from it in 1964 for opposition to some policies of the party. With Jacek Kuroń he co-wrote the Open Letter to the Party, for which he was imprisoned for three years. He took part in the Polish 1968 political crisis, and for his activities he was again imprisoned for three and a half years. During the 1980 strikes he came up with the name of 'Solidarity'. He was one of the Solidarity press contacts, and a member of the Solidarity region in Silesia. He was interned with many others during the martial law in Poland. From 1989 to 1991 he was a member of the Polish Senat (Solidarity Citizens' Committee), supporting the left-wing, particularly the Labour Union party and later Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz. He died on 28 April 2019 in Warsaw.

• Zajeździmy kobyłę historii. Wyznania poobijanego jeźdźca ("We'll Ride the Mare of History to the Ground: Confessions of a Bruised Rider"), Warsaw 2013 • Scènes de grèves en Pologne, Lausanne 2006 • Barbarzyńska Europa ("Barbarian Europe"), Warsaw 2004 • Życiodajny impuls chuligaństwa. Notatki z lat 1993–2002, Kraków 2003 • Opole, centena, pagus. Versuch einer komparativen Auffassung der Langemeinde und Territorialverwaltung, [in:] "Das Reich und Polen", Constance 2003 • La stirpe e la legge, [in:] "Studi sulle societa e le culture del Medioevo per Girolamo Arnaldi", Rome 2002 • Zemsta, okup i podmiot moralny w prawach barbarzyńskich, [in:] "Aetas media, aetas moderna. Studia ofiarowane profesorowi Henrykowi Samsonowiczowi w siedemdziesiątą rocznicę urodzin", Warsaw 2000 • Organizacja gospodarcza państwa piastowskiego X-XIII wiek, Wrocław 1975, Poznań 2000 • Liber homo sub tutela nobilis, [in:] "Kościół, kultura, społeczeństwo. Studia z dziejów średniowiecza i czasów nowożytnych", Warsaw 2000 • Dokąd od komunizmu?, Warsaw 1993 • Między umową a wojną, Warsaw 1989 • Chłopi w społeczeństwie polskim ("Peasants in Polish Society"), Wrocław 1987 • Revolutionary marxist students in Poland speak out (1964–1968), New York 1969 • List otwarty do partii ("Open Letter to the Party") (co-written by Jacek Kuroń), Paris 1966

Karol Modzelewski was recorded at birth as Cyryl Budniewicz. The authorities additionally record the headings Karol Cyryl Modzelewski and Kiriłł Budniewicz. His recorded languages were Polish, Russian, French and Latin. He was the child of Zygmunt Modzelewski and Natalia Modzelewska. One child is recorded: Ewa Modzelewska-Kossowska.

Karol Modzelewski worked in history, politics and non-fiction literature. He was employed by University of Wrocław, University of Warsaw, Institute of Archeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of History, Polish Academy of Sciences and Wyższa Szkoła Komunikowania i Mediów Społecznych im. Recorded position is Member of the Senate of the Republic of Poland. He belonged to Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw Scientific Society, Solidarity, Związek Młodzieży Socjalistycznej and Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei. He worked at Wrocław and Warsaw.