Jude Milhon
Judith Milhon (March 12, 1939 – July 19, 2003), best known by her pseudonym St. Jude, was a self-taught programmer, civil rights advocate, writer, editor, advocate for women in computing, hacker and author in the San Francisco Bay Area. Milhon coined the term cypherpunk and was a founding member of the cypherpunks.
Also recorded as St. Jude
Jude Milhon
- Name
- Judith Milhon
- Born
- 12 March 1939
- Birthplace
- Washington, D.C., United States
- Died
- 19 July 2003 (aged 64)
- Occupation
- hacker and author
- Known for
- Coining the term cypherpunk Co-creator of Community Memory Early contributor to the Berkeley Software Distribution
- Movement
- Founding member of the cypherpunks
- Nationality
- United States.
- Movements
- hacktivism, piemellikker and civil rights movement.
VALÉORINE Encyclopedia
VALÉORINE documentary reading
Documentary summary
Judith Milhon (March 12, 1939 – July 19, 2003), best known by her pseudonym St. Jude, was a self-taught programmer, civil rights advocate, writer, editor, advocate for women in computing, hacker and author in the San Francisco Bay Area. Milhon coined the term cypherpunk and was a founding member of the cypherpunks.
Admitted source layer · organised and presented by VALÉORINE
Note VALÉORINE
Jude Milhon (1939–2003) was an American computer scientist and writer.
The computer scientist worked for Boing Boing, Horn & Hardart and Mondo 2000 and was a member of Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility and The WELL. Jude Milhon was associated with civil rights movement and hacktivism. Languages used include English.
Composed from admitted, traceable facts · 26 September 2026
VALÉORINE
Reference Check
Propose documentary evidence for Jude Milhon. A contribution is never written directly as fact: identity, source, rights and evidence gates still decide.
Sign in to contribute
World of VALÉORINE
Documentary connections
Only confirmed graph relationships appear here. Images are shown only when their identity and reuse rights both pass the documentary gate.
Documentary evidence
Evidence Panel
not yet certified
- Identity
- resolved
- Independent source families
- 0
- Admitted assertions
- 0
- Open conflicts
- 0
Authority files
wikidata · Q7555 · wikipedia · Jude Milhon
In this article
Biography
Biography
On July 19, 2003, Milhon died of cancer.
Key facts
Key facts
• Name — Judith Milhon • Born — 12 March 1939 • Birthplace — Washington, D.C., United States • Died — 19 July 2003 (aged 64) • Occupation — hacker and author • Employer — Horn and Hardart; senior editor at Mondo 2000, frequent contributor to Boing Boing • Known for — Coining the term cypherpunk Co-creator of Community Memory Early contributor to the Berkeley Software Distribution • Notable Works — The Cyberpunk Handbook (1995), How to Mutate and Take Over the World (1996) • Movement — Founding member of the cypherpunks • Illustration — Jude's mugshot from her civil rights days.
Life
Life
Judith Milhon was born March 12, 1939, in Washington, D.C., raised in Indiana, to a military family of the Marine Corps. She married Robert Behling in 1961 and had one daughter, Tresca Behling, with him. Attracted to the growing countercultural movement, Milhon moved near Antioch College in Yellow Springs, Ohio, and established a communal household with her husband, young daughter, and friends. In 1968 she moved to San Francisco with her friend and partner Efrem Lipkin and divorced her husband in 1970. At the time of her death in 2003 from cancer, she was survived by at least one child, Tresca Behling, and one grandchild, Emilio Zuniga, as well as her partner of over 40 years, Efrem Lipkin.
Professional projects
Professional projects
Milhon taught herself programming in 1967 and landed her first job at the Horn and Hardart vending machine company of New York before she moved away to California to join the counterculture movement. She worked at the Berkeley Computer Company (an outgrowth of Project Genie), and she helped implement the communications controller of the BCC timesharing system. In 1971 she partnered with other local activists and technologists at Project One, where she was particularly drawn to the Resource One project, with the goal of creating the Bay Area's first public computerized bulletin board system. In 1973, a subset of the Resource One group, including Milhon, broke away to create Community Memory in Berkeley. Later, she also worked on BSD, a Unix-based operating system developed by the Computer Systems Research Group at UC Berkeley. She was a member of Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility, and the author of several books. She was a senior editor at the magazine Mondo 2000 and frequent contributor to Boing Boing.
Activism and Vision
Activism and Vision
St. Jude had her hand in many different causes. She was active in the 1960s Civil Rights Movement helping to organize the march from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama. Dedicated to protest, Milhon was jailed for trespassing in Montgomery, Alabama as well as for civil disobedience in Jackson, Mississippi. Activism within the cyber community was important to Milhon as well. She frequently urged women toward the internet and hacking while encouraging them to have "tough skin" in the face of harassment. At a time when the internet was dominated by men, she was an ardent advocate of the joys of hacking, cybersex and a woman's right to technology. She often said, "Girls need modems. Women may not be great at physical altercations, but we sure excel at rapid-fire keyboarding." Milhon once noted that there was a conspicuous lack of female hardware hackers, and while working at Community Memory she worked against this exclusion and worked to get new, inexperienced users to experiment with Community Memory. She did so by writing open-ended questions in the system about available resources in the region (such as “Where can I get a decent bagel in the Bay Area (Berkeley particularly)?”), which would get curious users to try out the system. She also wrote "The Cyberpunk Handbook" and coined the term "cypherpunk" for computer users dedicated to online privacy through encryption.
Career and activity
Career and activity
Her work is associated with hacktivism, piemellikker and civil rights movement. She was employed by Horn & Hardart, Mondo 2000 and Boing Boing. She belonged to The WELL and Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility. She worked at Yellow Springs, Anderson and San Francisco Bay Area. Identity and origins. Recorded at birth as Judith Milhon. She also worked under the name St. The authorities additionally record the heading St. Her recorded language was English. She married Robert Behling.
Life and career
Dated record
Life and career
The full dated record · 2 entries
1939
Jude Milhon was born on 12 March 1939.
2003
Jude Milhon died on 19 July 2003.
Context
Primary material
Context
The circumstances in which Jude Milhon stands. Associated with civil rights movement. Associated with piemellikker. Recorded with a height of 68. Associated with hacktivism.
Documents and archives
Primary material
Documents and archives
authority record
- Wikidata, structured authority record Q7555: Jude Milhon
Unverified · Wikidata
reference work
- “Jude Milhon”, English Wikipedia, consulted as further reading
Reputable secondary · Wikipedia
Notes from the source article
Cited by Wikipedia
Notes from the source article
These works are cited by the source article, in its own numbering. They are recorded as its citations, not as sources VALÉORINE has verified.
- 1.Dodson, Sean. Obituary: Judith Milhon: Making the internet a feminist issue. The Guardian. 27. August 8, 2003.
- 2.Cross, Rosie. Modem Grrrl. Wired. February 1, 1995.
- 3.Halvorson, Michael J. Code Nation. ACM. 2020-04-29. 978-1-4503-7758-4.
- 4.Jude Milhon - BitcoinWiki. en.bitcoinwiki.org.
- 5.Doub, Bo. Community Memory: Precedents in Social Media and Movements. Computer History Museum. 23 February 2016.
- 6.The Joy of HACKER SEX.
- 7.Obituary: Judith Milhon. the Guardian. 2003-08-08.
- 8.Rubenstein, Steve. Judith Milhon computer writer and 'hacker'. San Francisco Chronicle. July 30, 2003.
Bibliography printed in the source article · 4
- The Joy of Hacker Sex (proposed)
- How to Mutate & Take Over the World: an Exploded Post-Novel (1997) (with R. U. Sirius) Random House
- Cyberpunk Handbook: The Real Cyberpunk Fakebook (1995) (with R. U. Sirius and Bart Nagel) Random House.
- The Joy of HACKER SEX.
References
Citations
References
Each reference names the institution holding it, so a reader may go to the document itself.
authority record
Partially resolvedreference work
Partially resolved
The Encyclopedia exists whether or not anything is for sale. Corrections are recorded rather than overwritten, and every version of this record is kept. Published 14 August 2026.
Elsewhere in Books
38,960 published records in this field, each with its sources named.
- Judah Leib GordonAuthor
- Judah Leon AbravanelAuthor
- Judah MoscatoAuthor
- Judd L. TellerAuthor
- Jude StéfanAuthor
- Judit Dukai TakáchAuthor
- Judit SelymesAuthor
- Judit ViharAuthor
Best supported in this field
For owners
Own a work by Jude Milhon?
A specialist will read what you send and tell you what the house can establish, what it cannot, and whether the object is suited to sale. There is no charge and no obligation. The object stays with you throughout; nothing is shipped to us unless it is arranged in writing beforehand.