Johnny Griffin

In 1995, Griffin was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Music from Berklee College of Music.

• Name — Johnny Griffin • Landscape — yes • Birth Name — John Arnold Griffin III • Born — 24 April 1928 • Birthplace — Chicago, Illinois, U.S • Died — 25 July 2008 • Place of death — Availles-Limouzine, France • Genre — Jazz • Occupation — Musician • Instrument — Tenor saxophone • Years Active — 1940s–2008 • Label — Blue Note, Riverside

Griffin studied music at DuSable High School in Chicago under Walter Dyett, starting out on clarinet before moving on to oboe and then alto saxophone. While still at high school at the age of 15, Griffin was playing with T-Bone Walker in a band led by Walker's brother. Alto saxophone was still his instrument of choice when he joined Lionel Hampton's big band, three days after his high school graduation, but Hampton encouraged him to take up the tenor, playing alongside Arnett Cobb. He first appeared on a Los Angeles recording with Hampton's band in 1945 at the age of 17. By mid-1947, Griffin and fellow Hampton band member Joe Morris, had formed a sextet made up of local musicians, including George Freeman, where he remained for the next two years. His playing can be heard on early rhythm and blues recordings for Atlantic Records. By 1951, Griffin was playing baritone saxophone in an R&B septet led by former bandmate Arnett Cobb. After returning to Chicago from two years in the Army, Griffin began to establish a reputation as one of the premiere saxophonists in that city. Thelonious Monk enthusiastically encouraged Orrin Keepnews of the Riverside label to sign the young tenor, but before he could act Blue Note had signed Griffin. He joined Art Blakey's Jazz Messengers in 1957, and his recordings from that time include an album joining together the Messengers and Thelonious Monk. Griffin then succeeded John Coltrane as a member of Monk's Five Spot quartet; he can be heard on the albums Thelonious in Action and Misterioso. Griffin's unique style, based on an astounding technique, included a vast canon of bebop language. He was known to quote generously from classical, opera and other musical forms. A prodigious player, he was often subjected to "cutting sessions" (a musical battle between two musicians) involving a legion of tenor players, both in his hometown Chicago with Hank Mobley and Gene Ammons, and on the road. Diminutive, he was distinctive as a fashionable dresser, a good businessman, and a well-liked bandleader to other musicians. • Illustration — Johnny Griffin backstage at Bach Dancing & Dynamite Society, Half Moon Bay, California, 1985 Griffin was leader on his first Blue Note album Introducing Johnny Griffin in 1956. Also featuring Wynton Kelly on piano, Curly Russell on bass and Max Roach on drums, the recording brought Griffin critical acclaim. The album A Blowin' Session (1957) featured John Coltrane and Hank Mobley. He played with Art Blakey's Jazz Messengers for a few months in 1957 and in the Thelonious Monk Sextet and Quartet (1958). During this period, he recorded a set with Clark Terry on Serenade to a Bus Seat, featuring the rhythm trio of Wynton Kelly, Paul Chambers, and Philly Joe Jones.

Griffin moved to France in 1963 and to the Netherlands in 1978, where he settled in Bergambacht. His relocation was the result of several factors, including income tax problems, a failing marriage and feeling "embittered by the critical acceptance of free jazz" in the United States, as journalist Ben Ratliff wrote. Apart from appearing regularly under his own name at jazz clubs such as London's Ronnie Scott's, Griffin became a "first choice" sax player for visiting US musicians touring the continent during the 1960s and 1970s. In 1965, he recorded albums with Wes Montgomery. He briefly rejoined Monk's groups (an Octet and Nonet) in 1967. From 1967 to 1969, he was part of the Kenny Clarke/Francy Boland Big Band. Griffin and Davis met up again in 1970 and recorded Tough Tenors Again 'n' Again, and again with the Dizzy Gillespie Big 7 at the Montreux Jazz Festival. In the late 1970s, Griffin recorded with Peter Herbolzheimer and His Big Band, which also included, among others, Nat Adderley, Derek Watkins, Art Farmer, Slide Hampton, Jiggs Whigham, Herb Geller, Wilton Gaynair, Stan Getz, Gerry Mulligan, Rita Reys, Jean "Toots" Thielemans, Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen, Grady Tate, and Quincy Jones as arranger. He also recorded with the Nat Adderley Quintet in 1978, having previously recorded with Adderley in 1958. In 1978, Griffin and Dexter Gordon returned to the U.S., and the two performed at the Ann Arbor's Eclipse Jazz Festival, before recording Live at Carnegie Hall. Griffin's last concert was in Hyères, France on July 21, 2008. On July 25, 2008, he died of a heart attack at the age of 80 in Mauprévoir, near Availles-Limouzine, France.

• Year — Title — Label — Year recorded — Notes • 1957 — Introducing Johnny Griffin — Blue Note — 1956 • 1957 — A Blowin Session — Blue Note — 1957 • 1958 — The Congregation — Blue Note — 1957 • 1958 — Johnny Griffin — Argo — 1956 • 1958 — Johnny Griffin Sextet — Riverside — 1958 • 1958 — Way Out! — Riverside — 1958 • 1959 — The Little Giant — Riverside — 1959 • 1960 — The Big Soul-Band — Riverside — 1960 • 1960 — Battle Stations — Prestige — 1960 — with Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis • 1960 — Johnny Griffin's Studio Jazz Party — Riverside — 1960 • 1960 — Tough Tenors — Jazzland — 1960 — with Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis • 1961 — Lookin' at Monk! — Jazzland — 1961 — with Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis • 1961 — Change of Pace — Riverside — 1961 • 1961 — Blues Up & Down — Jazzland — 1961 — with Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis • 1961 — White Gardenia — Riverside — 1961 • 1962 — The Kerry Dancers — Riverside — 1961–62 • 1962 — Tough Tenor Favorites — Jazzland — 1962 — with Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis • 1962 — Grab This! — Riverside — 1962 • 1963 — Do Nothing 'til You Hear from Me — Riverside — 1963 • 1964 — Soul Groove — Atlantic — 1963 — with Matthew Gee • 1964 — Night Lady — Philips — 1964 • 1969 — The Man I Love — Polydor — 1967 • 1969 — Lady Heavy Bottom's Waltz — Vogue — 1968 • 1970 — Tough Tenors Again 'n' Again — MPS — 1970 • 1972 — You Leave Me Breathless — Black Lion — 1967 • 1977 — Jazz Undulation — Joker — 1968 • 1978 — Sincerely Ours — Four Leaf Clover — 1978-05 — with Rolf Ericson • 1979 — A Night in Tunisia — Trio — 1967 • 1978 — Birds and Ballads — Galaxy — 1978? • 1979 — Return of the Griffin — Galaxy — 1978-10-17 • 1979 — Bush Dance — Galaxy — 1978-10-18, -19 • 1982 — To the Ladies — Galaxy — 1979 • 1982 — Meeting — Jeton (Germany) — 1980 • 1983 — Call It Whachawana — Galaxy — 1983 • 1997 — Tough Tenors Back Again! — Storyville — 1984 — with Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis • 1997 — Three Generations of Tenor Saxophone — JHM — 1985 — 2xCD • 1989 — Have You Met Barcelona — Orange Blue — 1987 — with Ben Sidran et al. • 1988 — Take My Hand — Who's Who in Jazz — 1988 • 1991 — The Cat — Antilles — 1990 • 1993 — Dance of Passion — Antilles — 1992 • 1994 — Chicago, New York, Paris — Verve — 1994 • 2000 — In and Out — Dreyfus — 1999 — with Martial Solal • 2001 — Johnny Griffin and Steve Grossman Quintet — Dreyfus — 2000 — with Steve Grossman • 2000 — Close Your Eyes — Minor Music — 2000 — with Horace Parlan • 2003 — Johnny Griffin and the Great Danes — Stunt — 2002 — with the Great Danes

• Year — Title — Label — Year recorded — Notes • 1961 — The Tenor Scene — Prestige — 1961-01-06 — with Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis • 1964 — The First Set — Prestige — 1961-01-06 — with Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis • 1964 — The Midnight Show — Prestige — 1961-01-06 — with Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis • 1965 — The Late Show — Prestige — 1961-01-06 — with Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis • 1973 — Blues for Harvey — SteepleChase — 1973 • 1974 — Johnny Griffin Live at Music Inn — Horo — 1974 • 1976 — Johnny Griffin Live in Tokyo — Philips — 1976 • 1977 — The Little Giant Revisited — Philips — 1976 • 1978 — The Jamfs Are Coming! — Timeless — 1975 • 1981 — NYC Underground — Galaxy — 1979 • 1984 — Johnny Griffin Quartet – Live: Jazzbühne Berlin '84 — Amiga Jazz (Germany) — 1984 • 1997 — Live / Autumn Leaves — Verve — 1981 • 2023 — Live at Ronnie Scott's, 8th January 1964 — Gearbox — 1964-01-08 — 2xLP

With Ahmed Abdul-Malik • Jazz Sahara (Riverside, 1958) • East Meets West (RCA Victor, 1960) With Nat Adderley • Branching Out (Riverside, 1958) • A Little New York Midtown Music (Galaxy, 1978) With Art Blakey • Selections from Lerner and Loewe's... (Vik, 1957) • A Night in Tunisia (Vik, 1957) • Cu-Bop (Jubilee, 1957) • Art Blakey's Jazz Messengers with Thelonious Monk (Atlantic, 1957) • Hard Drive (Bethlehem, 1957) With the Kenny Clarke/Francy Boland Big Band • Sax No End (SABA, 1967) • Out of the Folk Bag (Columbia, 1967) • 17 Men and Their Music (Campi, 1967) • All Smiles (MPS, 1968) • Faces (MPS, 1969) • Latin Kaleidoscope (MPS, 1968) • Fellini 712 (MPS, 1969) • All Blues (MPS, 1969) • More Smiles (MPS, 1969) • Volcano (Polydor, 1969) • Clarke Boland Big Band en Concert avec Europe 1 (Tréma, 1992) – recorded in 1969 With Dizzy Gillespie • The Giant (America, 1973) • The Source (America, 1973) • The Dizzy Gillespie Big 7 (Pablo, 1975) With Philly Joe Jones • Blues for Dracula (Riverside, 1958) • Look Stop Listen (Uptown, 1983) with Dameronia With Thelonious Monk • Thelonious in Action (Riverside, 1958) – live • Misterioso (Riverside, 1958) – live With Bud Powell • Bud in Paris (1975, Xanadu) – live recorded in 1960 • Earl Bud Powell, Vol. 8: Holidays in Edenville, 64 (Mythic Sound, 1964) With A. K. Salim • Stable Mates (Savoy, 1957) • Pretty for the People (Savoy, 1958) – recorded in 1957 With others • Chet Baker, Chet Baker in New York (Riverside, 1958) • Count Basie, Count Basie Jam Session at the Montreux Jazz Festival 1975 (Pablo, 1975) • James Carter, Live at Baker's Keyboard Lounge (Warner Bros., 2004) – recorded in 2001 • Tadd Dameron, The Magic Touch (Riverside, 1962) • Bennie Green, Glidin' Along (Jazzland, 1961) • Johnny Lytle, Nice and Easy (Jazzland, 1962) • Blue Mitchell, Big 6 (Riverside 1958) • Jimmy Smith, Keep On Comin (Elektra/Musician, 1983) • Ira Sullivan, Blue Stroll (Delmark, 1961) • Clark Terry, Serenade to a Bus Seat (Riverside, 1957) • Wilbur Ware, The Chicago Sound (Riverside, 1957) • Randy Weston, Little Niles (United Artists, 1958) • Wes Montgomery, Full House (Riverside, 1962) • Wes Montgomery, Solitude (Paris Live Album) (Verve, 1962) • Roy Hargrove, With the Tenors of Our Time (Verve, 1994)

Johnny Griffin is recorded as composer, saxophonist and musician. Recorded at birth as John Arnold Griffin III.