John the Exarch
John the Exarch (also transcribed Joan Ekzarh) was a medieval Bulgarian scholar, writer and translator, one of the most important men of letters working at the Preslav Literary School at the end of the 9th and the beginning of the 10th century. He was active during the reign of Boris I and his son Simeon I. His most famous work is the compilation Shestodnev (Шестоднев – Hexameron) that consists of both translations of earlier Byzantine authors and original writings. The Russian Orthodox Church canonized him and his memory is honoured on the.
Also recorded as Ĭoan, Exarch of Bulgaria · Joan Ekzarh
John the Exarch

Shakko · CC BY-SA 3.0
- Name
- John the Exarch
- Born
- 9th century
- Birthplace
- Bulgarian Empire
- Died
- 10th century
- Occupation
- Cleric, writer, translator
- Languages
- Old Church Slavonic
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Documentary summary
John the Exarch (also transcribed Joan Ekzarh) was a medieval Bulgarian scholar, writer and translator, one of the most important men of letters working at the Preslav Literary School at the end of the 9th and the beginning of the 10th century. He was active during the reign of Boris I and his son Simeon I. His most famous work is the compilation Shestodnev (Шестоднев – Hexameron) that consists of both translations of earlier Byzantine authors and original writings. The Russian Orthodox Church canonized him and his memory is honoured on the.
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John the Exarch (900–901) was a linguist, translator and writer. Born in First Bulgarian Empire, the linguist died in Veliki Preslav. Languages used include Old Church Slavonic.
Composed from admitted, traceable facts · 01 October 2026
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wikidata · Q650558 · wikipedia · John the Exarch
In this article
Biography
Biography
In a manuscript of the Gospels, held in the National Library of Serbia, an alternative date is given, namely —.
Key facts
Key facts
• Name — John the Exarch • Native Name — Їѡаннъ Єѯархъ • Born — 9th century • Birthplace — Bulgarian Empire • Died — 10th century • Place of death — Bulgarian Empire • Occupation — Cleric, writer, translator • Notable Works — Hexameron
Life
Life
• Illustration — John the Exarch's Hexameron, 15th-century Russian translation Evidence about his life is scarce but his literary legacy suggests an excellent knowledge of Greek language. It is therefore assumed that John the Exarch received his education in the Byzantine Empire. Some historians assume that his sobriquet "the Exarch" means that he was the Archbishop of Bulgaria. Others suggest that this was not an bishopric rank. There are also theories that identify John the Exarch with Chernorizets Hrabar or with John of Rila.
Literary activities
Literary activities
John the Exarch's literary work includes a number of translations of medieval Byzantine authors, the most important of which is the translation, around 895, of On Orthodox Christianity by the Byzantine theologian John of Damascus. He is also the author of several original works and compilations, the most important whereof is the compilation Шестоднев (Shestodnev). The compilation includes parts of the works of several Byzantine authors, most notably Basil the Great, as well as original parts which give valuable first-hand evidence about the Bulgarian Empire under Simeon I. John the Exarch describes the royal palace and the Bulgarian ruler that includes information about his attire, the boyars, the social stratification of the Bulgarian society and like matters.
Monographs
Monographs
• Калайдович, К. Иоанн ексарх болгарский. Москва (1824) • Архимандрит Панарет, Животът на Йоана Екзарха Български, Станимака (1914) • Иванова-Мирчева, Д., Йоан Екзарх Български, Слова, т. 1, София (1974) • Бонов, А. Възгледите за вселената на Йоан Екзарх български. София (1982) • Чолова, Ц., Естественонаучните знания в средновековна България, София, изд. БАН (1988) • Баранкова, Г. С., В. В. Мильков. Шестоднев Иоанна екзарха Болгарского. Санкт Петербург (2001) • Трендафилов, Хр. Йоан Екзарх Български. София (2001)
Articles
Articles
• Vondrák, V., O mluvě Jana Exarcha bulharského, Praha, p. 40–92, p. 95–97 (1896) • Трифонов, Ю., Сведения из старобългарския живот в "Шестоднева" на Йоан Екзарх, Списание на БАН, т. 35, с. 1–26 (1926) • Мавродинов, Н., Описание на Преслав в Шестоднева на Йоан Екзарх, ИП, кн. 3, с. 66–76 (1955) • Миятев, К., Два поетични фрагмента у Йоан Екзарх като исторически извори, Археология, кн. 1–2, с. 9–16 (1959) • Хаджиолов, А., Йоан Екзарх Български като учен и философ, основоположник на българското естествознание, Проблеми на природата, кн. 8, с. 177 (1978) • Боев, П., Йоан Екзарх Български – първият наш антрополог, Проблеми на природата, кн. 9 с. 317 (1978) • Борисов, М., А. Ваврек, В. Кусев, "Йоан Екзарх – първият разпространител на знания в областта на физическите науки у нас", Физика, кн. 1, с. 14–28 (1983) • Борисов, М., А. Ваврек, Г. Камишева, "Йоан Екзарх Български – пръв разпространител на физически знания у нас", Предшественици на разпространението и развитието на физическите знания в България, София, Народна просвета (1985) с. 5–65 • Чолова, Ц., Върховната власт и управлението в средновековната българска държава по времето на Симеон, отразени в "Шестоднева" на Йоан Екзарх, Известия на Института по история, т. 27, с. 216–235 (1985)
Life and career
Dated record
Life and career
The full dated record · 2 entries
900
John the Exarch born at First Bulgarian Empire.
901
John the Exarch died at Veliki Preslav.
Places
Named by the record
Places
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First Bulgarian Empire.
Birth place
Veliki Preslav.
Death place
Primary material
Documents and archives
reference work
- “John the Exarch”, English Wikipedia, consulted as further reading
Reputable secondary · Wikipedia
authority record
- Wikidata, structured authority record Q650558: John the Exarch
General reference · Wikidata
Notes from the source article
Cited by Wikipedia
Notes from the source article
These works are cited by the source article, in its own numbering. They are recorded as its citations, not as sources VALÉORINE has verified.
- 1.Кръстанов, Т. Кариера на Св. Йоан Екзарх, архиепископ и патриарх на българската земя, и на Св. Климент, епископ велички и охридски чудотворец в провинция Западна България , с. 79: "Сам той, вече като архиепископ Йоан, възлага на друг български книжовник презвитер Йоан от ІХ–Х в. да превежда две жития, който го нарича „архиепископ Йоан, църковен строител на българската земя".
- 2.Добрев, И. Йоан Презвитер Екзарх Български и устройството на Българската църква през Първото ни царство. – В: Християнска агиология и народни вярвания: Сборник в чест на ст.н.с. Елена Коцева (ред. А. Милтенова, Е. Томова, Р. Станкова). С., 2008, 356–369.
- 3.Ватикански открития за "Черноризец Храбър"
- 4.1 ноември – ден на св. Иван Рилски и народните будители
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Born at
1- First Bulgarian EmpirePlace
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Further particulars
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Further particulars
Open the remaining particulars
Identity and origins. The authorities additionally record the headings Ĭoan, Exarch of Bulgaria and Joan Ekzarh. His recorded language was Old Church Slavonic. His recorded confession was Eastern Orthodoxy.
The Encyclopedia exists whether or not anything is for sale. Corrections are recorded rather than overwritten, and every version of this record is kept. Published 15 August 2026.
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