Joachim Raff

Algernon Ashton, Anton Urspruch and Edward MacDowell are recorded as having studied under Joachim Raff. The recorded working language is German. The field of work recorded is music. Subjects and genres recorded for the work are opera and symphony. Employment is recorded with Frankfurt University of Music and Performing Arts and Hoch Conservatory.

• Name — Joachim Raff • Born — 27 May 1822 • Birthplace — Lachen, Switzerland • Died — 25 June 1882 • Place of death — Frankfurt, German Empire • Occupation — * Composer • Pianist • Music teacher • Works — List of compositions

Raff was born in Lachen in Switzerland. His father, a teacher, had fled there from Württemberg in 1810 to escape forced recruitment into the military of that southwestern German state that had to fight for Napoleon in Russia. Joachim was largely self-taught in music, studying the subject while working as a schoolmaster in Schmerikon, Schwyz and Rapperswil. He sent some of his piano compositions to Felix Mendelssohn who recommended them to Breitkopf & Härtel for publication. They were published in 1844 and received a favourable review in Robert Schumann's journal, the Neue Zeitschrift für Musik, which prompted Raff to go to Zürich and take up composition full-time. In 1845, Raff walked to Basel to hear Franz Liszt play the piano. After a period in Stuttgart where he became friends with the conductor Hans von Bülow, he worked as Liszt's assistant at Weimar from 1850 to 1853. During this time he helped Liszt in the orchestration of several of his works, claiming to have had a major part in orchestrating the symphonic poem Tasso. In 1851, Raff's opera König Alfred was staged in Weimar, and five years later he moved to Wiesbaden where he largely devoted himself to composition. From 1878 he was the first Director of, and a teacher at, the Hoch Conservatory in Frankfurt. There he employed Clara Schumann and a number of other eminent musicians as teachers, and established a class specifically for female composers. (This was at a time when women composers were not taken seriously.) His pupils there included Edward MacDowell, Olga Radecki, and Alexander Ritter. • Illustration — Grave of Joachim Raff in Frankfurt Main Cemetery, Gewann D 298 He died in Frankfurt on the night of June 24/25, 1882. His tomb is in Frankfurt Main Cemetery.

Raff's works include:

• Große Symphonie, WoO. 18 (before 1860; lost, scherzo and finale included in the Orchestral Suite No. 1, Op. 101) • Symphony No. 1 in D major, Op. 96 "An das Vaterland" (1859–61) • Symphony No. 2 in C major, Op. 140 (1866) • Symphony No. 3 in F major, Op. 153 "Im Walde" (1869) • Symphony No. 4 in G minor, Op. 167 (1871) • Symphony No. 5 in E major, Op. 177 "Lenore" (1870–72) • Symphony No. 6 in D minor, Op. 189 "Gelebt, Gestrebt, Gelitten, Gestritten, Gestorben, Umworben" (1874) • Symphony No. 7 in B-flat major, Op. 201 "In den Alpen" (1875) • Symphony No. 8 in A major, Op. 205 "Frühlingsklänge" (1876) • Symphony No. 9 in E minor, Op. 208 "Im Sommer" (1878) • Symphony No. 10 in F minor, Op. 213 "Zur Herbstzeit" (1879) • Symphony No. 11 in A minor, Op. 214 "Der Winter" (1876, unfinished; completed by Max Erdmannsdörfer)

• Konzertstück "La Fée d'amour", for violin and orchestra Op. 67 (1854) • Konzertstück "Ode au printemps" in G major, for piano and orchestra, Op. 76 (1857) • Violin Concerto No. 1, Op. 161 (1870–71) • Suite for Violin and Orchestra, Op. 180 (1873) • Piano Concerto in C minor, Op. 185 (1873) • Cello Concerto No. 1, Op. 193 (1874) • Suite for Piano and Orchestra in E-flat, Op. 200 (1875) • Cello Concerto No. 2, WoO. 45 (1876) • Violin Concerto No. 2, Op. 206 (1877)

• Suite for Orchestra No. 1, Op. 101 (1863) • Italian Suite for Orchestra in E minor, WoO. 35 (1871) • Suite for Orchestra No. 2 in F major "In ungarischer Weise", Op. 194 (1874) • Suite for Orchestra Aus Thüringen, WoO. 46 (1877)

• König Alfred, heroic opera in four acts (Weimar, 9 March 1851) • Samson, musical drama in five acts (Weimar, 11 March 2022) • Dame Kobold, comic opera in three acts (Weimar, 1870) • Die Parole, comic opera in three acts (not performed) • Benedetto Marcello, lyric opera in three acts, loosely on the life of the composer Benedetto Marcello (first concert performance, Metzingen 2002) • Die Eifersüchtigen, opera in three acts (Arth (CH), 3 September 2022)

• Orchestral pieces, Op. 85 • Jubilee overture, Op. 103 (1864) • Festival overture, Op. 117 1864) • Concert overture, Op. 123 (1862) • Eine feste Burg ist unser Gott, Ouvertüre zu einem Drama aus dem Dreißigjährigen Krieg (A mighty fortress is our God", Overture to a drama about the Thirty Years' War), Op. 127 (1854; revised 1865) • Rhapsody for Orchestra "Abends", Op. 163b • Festival March, Op. 139 • Sinfonietta, Op. 188 • Elegy for Orchestra, WoO. 48 • Orchestral Prelude to Shakespeare's "The Tempest", WoO. 50 • Orchestral Prelude to Shakespeare's "Macbeth", WoO. 51 • Orchestral Prelude to Shakespeare's "Romeo and Juliet", WoO. 52 • Orchestral Prelude to Shakespeare's "Othello", WoO. 53 • Grand Fugue for Orchestra, WoO. 57 • Overture to Benedetto Marcello • Overture to Dame Kobold, Op. 154 • Overture to Die Parole • Orchestration of Bach's Chaconne from Violin Partita No. 2

• String Quartet No. 1, Op. 77 • String Quartet No. 2, Op. 90 • Suite in D minor for solo piano Op. 91 • Piano Trio No. 1, Op. 102 • Piano Quintet, Op. 107 • Piano Trio No. 2, Op. 112 • String Quartet No. 3, Op. 135 • String Quartet No. 4, Op. 136 • String Quartet No. 5, Op. 137 • Piano Trio No. 3, Op. 155 • Piano Trio No. 4, Op. 158 • String Octet, Op. 176 • String Sextet, Op. 178 • Sinfonietta for 10 Wind Instruments, Op. 188 (2fl, 2ob, 2cl, 2bn, 2hn) • String Quartet No. 6, Op. 192 No. 1 "Suite in Ancient Style" • String Quartet No. 7, Op. 192 No. 2 "The Maid of the Mill" [Die Schöne Müllerin] • String Quartet No. 8, Op. 192 No. 3 "Suite in Canon Form" • Piano Quartet No. 1, Op. 202 No. 1 • Piano Quartet No. 2, Op. 202 No. 2 • Fantasy for Piano Quintet, Op. 207a