Jim Harrison

Harrison indicated that, of all his writing, his poetry meant the most to him. Harrison published 24 novellas during his lifetime and is considered "America's foremost master" of that form. His first commercial success came with the 1979 publication of the trilogy of novellas Legends of the Fall, two of which were made into movies. Harrison's work has been translated into multiple languages including Spanish, French, Greek, Chinese, and Russian. He was the recipient of multiple awards and honors including a Guggenheim Fellowship (1969), the Mark Twain Award for distinguished contributions to Midwestern literature (1990), and induction into the American Academy of Arts & Letters (2007). Harrison wrote that "The dream that I could write a good poem, a good novel, or even a good movie for that matter, has devoured my life."

Jim Harrison studied at Michigan State University and Haslett High School. The recorded working language is English. The field of work recorded is creative and professional writing, essay and poetry. Residence is recorded at Patagonia. Employment is recorded with Stony Brook University.

Harrison was born in Grayling, Michigan, to Winfield Sprague Harrison, a county agricultural agent, and Norma Olivia (Wahlgren) Harrison, both avid readers. Harrison was born 18 months after oldest child John, with whom he was close. His younger siblings are Judith, Mary, and David. Harrison became blind in one eye after a childhood accident. He wrote about this in an early poem: Harrison graduated from Haslett High School (Haslett, Michigan) in 1956. When he was 24, on November 21, 1962, his father and sister Judy died in an automobile accident. In 1959, he married Linda King, with whom he had two daughters. He was educated at Michigan State University, where he received a B.A. (1960) and M.A. (1964) in comparative literature. After a short stint as assistant professor of English at Stony Brook University (1965–66), Harrison started working full-time as a writer. His awards include National Endowment for the Arts grants (1967, 1968, and 1969), a Guggenheim Fellowship (1969–70), the Spirit of the West Award from the Mountain & Plains Booksellers Association, and election to the American Academy of Arts and Letters (2007). His work has appeared in many leading publications, including The New Yorker, Esquire, Sports Illustrated, Rolling Stone, Outside, Playboy, Men's Journal, and The New York Times Book Review. He published several collections of novellas, two of which were eventually turned into films: Revenge (1990) and Legends of the Fall (1994). Much of Harrison's writing is set in sparsely populated regions of North America and its West. Many stories are set in places such as Nebraska's Sand Hills, Michigan's Upper Peninsula, Montana's mountains, and along the Arizona–Mexico border. Harrison lived in Patagonia, Arizona, Livingston, Montana, and Grand Marais, Michigan. On August 31, 2009, he was featured in an episode of Anthony Bourdain's television show No Reservations, which took place in and around Livingston. He also appeared in season 7 of Bourdain's CNN series, Anthony Bourdain: Parts Unknown, in an episode which first aired on May 15, 2016. Harrison died of heart failure at his writing desk at home in Patagonia, Arizona on the morning of 26 March 2016 (Easter Saturday), while drafting a poem; the last (unpunctuated) line he wrote was "Man shits his pants and trashed God's body".

Harrison said he became a novelist after he fell off a cliff while bird hunting. During his convalescence, his friend Thomas McGuane suggested he write a novel, and Wolf: A False Memoir (1971) was the result. It is the story of a man who tells his life story while searching for signs of a wolf in the northern Michigan wilderness. This was followed by A Good Day to Die (1973), an ecotage novel and statement about the decline of American ecological systems, and Farmer (1976), a Lolita-like account of a country school teacher and farmer coming to grips with middle age, his mother's dying, and complications of human sexuality. Harrison's first novellas were published in 1979 under the title Legends of the Fall. The actor Jack Nicholson, a close friend of Harrison's whom he had met through Thomas McGuane, played a peripheral role in the creation of that book. When Nicholson heard that Harrison was broke, he sent $30,000, which allowed Harrison to write Legends of the Fall. The title novella is an epic story that spans 50 years and tells the tale of a father and three sons in the vast spaces of the northern Rocky Mountains around the time of World War I. Referring to the title novella, Harrison said: "I wrote Legends of the Fall in nine days and when I re-read it, I only had to change one word. There was no revision process. None. I had thought so much about the character that writing the book was like taking dictation. I felt overwhelmed when I finished, I needed to take a vacation, but the book was done." The novella format would become an important part of both Harrison's future reputation and his output. Following Legends of the Fall, seven more collections of novellas appeared over the course of Harrison's lifetime: The Woman Lit by Fireflies (1990), Julip (1994), The Beast God Forgot to Invent (2000), The Summer He Didn't Die (2005), The Farmer's Daughter (2009), The River Swimmer (2013), and finally The Ancient Minstrel (2016), the latter appearing just before Harrison's death in March of that year. After publishing Warlock (1981) and Sundog (1984), Harrison published Dalva (1988), one of his best-known novels. It is a complex tale, set in rural Nebraska, of a woman's search for the son she had given up for adoption and for the boy's father, who also happened to be her half-brother. Throughout the narrative, Dalva invokes the memory of her pioneer great-grandfather John Wesley Northridge, an Andersonville survivor during the Civil War and naturalist, whose diaries vividly tell of the destruction of the Plains Indian way of life. Many of these characters are featured also in The Road Home (1998), a complex work using five narrators, including Dalva, her 30-year-old son Nelse, and her grandfather John Wesley Northridge II. Harrison has been described as trying to get at "the soul history of where you live" in this sequel to Dalva, in this case rural Nebraska in the latter half of the 20th century. By the time Harrison turned 60 in 1998, he had published both a dozen works of fiction and another dozen volumes of poetry.

In terms of his publishing career, Harrison's final 18 years, after he turned 60, would be nearly as productive as the preceding 30 years. After age 60, he published another dozen works of fiction, at least six more volumes of poetry, a memoir Off to the Side, and The Raw and the Cooked: Adventures of a Roving Gourmand, a collection of his food essays which had first appeared in magazines, mostly in Esquire and Men's Journal. Although he continued writing in the novella format, during these final years (1999–2016), Harrison refocused his efforts on the longer novel form. In the 2000s, Harrison published two of the most ambitious novels, setting them in Michigan's Upper Peninsula: True North (2004) and its sequel Returning to Earth (2007). True North examines the costs to a timber and mining family torn apart by alcoholism and the moral recklessness of a war-damaged father. The novel contains two stories: that of the monstrous father and that of the son's trying to atone for his father's evil, and ultimately, reconciling with his family's history. Returning to Earth (2007) revisits the characters and setting of True North (2004) 30 years later. The story has four narrators: Donald, a mixed-blood Indian, now middle-aged and dying of Lou Gehrig's disease; Donald's wife Cynthia, whom he rescued as a teen from the ruins of her family; Cynthia's brother David (the central character of True North); and K, Cynthia's nephew and Donald's soul mate. Ultimately, the extended family helps Donald end his life at the place of his choosing, and then draw on the powers of love and commitment to reconcile loss and heal wounds borne for generations. Harrison's The English Major (2008) is a road novel about a 60-year-old former high school English teacher and farmer from Michigan, who after a divorce and the sale of his farm, heads westward on a mind-clearing road trip. Along the way, he falls into an affair with a former student, reconnects with his big-shot son in San Francisco, confers on questions of life and lust with an old doctor friend, and undertakes a project to rename all the states and their state birds. Harrison wrote two darkly comic detective novels, The Great Leader: A Faux Mystery (Grove Press, 2012) and The Big Seven (Grove Press, 2015), both focused on protagonist Detective Sunderson. The Great Leader: A Faux Mystery was positively reviewed in The New York Times, with critic Pete Dexter calling Harrison's writing "very close to magic."

Inspired by his study of Pablo Neruda, Harrison completed what he called his first acceptable poems in the early 1960s. In 1965 he had several poems published in The Nation and Poetry and then, with the assistance of the poet Denise Levertov, he published his first poetry collection, Plain Song (1965). Over the course of his life Harrison published his poetry in many periodicals including Virginia Quarterly Review, Triquarterly, The American Poetry Review, and The New York Times Book Review. He published 17 collections of poetry (the number includes chapbooks, limited editions, and coauthored works). The Shape of the Journey: New and Collected Poems (1998) collects over 120 of his poems. The posthumous Jim Harrison: The Essential Poems (2019) was selected from nearly 1000 poems that Harrison wrote. Harrison was aware that his poetry did not have mass appeal. He wrote that to draw attention to poetry "you would have to immolate a volunteer poet in an 751 BMW". He hoped that by choosing a small press like Copper Canyon Press, his poetry collections would stay in print. Dead Man's Float (2016), his final book of poetry, was published the year of his death.

Harrison's poetry often concerns itself with the natural world. Nonhuman creatures, especially birds and dogs, populate his poetry and wild, uncivilized places are frequent settings. Harrison's poetry "returns us to some level of understanding about our relationship to other life on the planet". Harrison wrote that his "intimacy with the natural world has been a substitute for religion, or a religion of another sort." The River, one of Harrison's later poems, is illustrative:

In 2009, University of Nebraska Press published Jim Harrison: A Comprehensive Bibliography, 1964–2008, an illustrated guide to Harrison's published works, edited by Gregg Orr and Beef Torrey, with an introduction by Robert DeMott, which contains more than 1600 citations of writing by and about Harrison. Many of Harrison's papers are housed at Grand Valley State University in Allendale, Michigan. Harrison was interviewed in 2004 in Paris by François Busnel, and was asked how he explained the success of his novel, True North, in the United States where his previous books were not successful. Harrison replied, "The age, undoubtedly! Or a proof that America loves France, since it is said often over there that I am the most French of the American writers." Many of Harrison's interviews between 1976 and 1999 are collected in the book, Conversations with Jim Harrison, edited by Robert DeMott, published by the University Press of Mississippi, 2002. Harrison discusses his poetry in an extensive interview in Five Points Magazine. Todd Goddard's Devouring Time: Jim Harrison, A Writer's Life, the first full-length biography of Harrison, was published on November 4, 2025, by Blackstone Publishing.

• Legends of the Fall (1979). Three novellas: "Revenge", "The Man Who Gave Up His Name", and "Legends of the Fall". • The Woman Lit By Fireflies (1990). Three novellas: "Brown Dog", "Sunset Limited", and "The Woman Lit by Fireflies". • Julip (1994). Three novellas: "Julip", "The Seven-Ounce Man", and "The Beige Dolorosa". • The Beast God Forgot to Invent (2000). Three novellas: "The Beast God Forgot to Invent", "Westward Ho", and "I Forgot to Go to Spain". • The Summer He Didn't Die (2005). Three novellas: "The Summer He Didn't Die", "Republican Wives", and "Tracking". • The Farmer's Daughter (2009). Three novellas: "The Farmer's Daughter", "Brown Dog Redux", and "The Games of Night". • The River Swimmer (2013). Two novellas: "The Land of Unlikeness" and "The River Swimmer". • Brown Dog (2013). Five previously published 'Brown Dog' novellas and a new one: "He Dog". • The Ancient Minstrel (2016). Three novellas: "The Ancient Minstrel", "Eggs", and "The Case of the Howling Buddhas".

• Just Before Dark: Collected Nonfiction (1991) • The Raw and the Cooked (1992) Dim Gray Bar Press ltd ed • The Raw and the Cooked: Adventures of a Roving Gourmand (2001) • Off to the Side: A Memoir (2002) • A Really Big Lunch: Meditations on Food and Life from the Roving Gourmand (2017) • Search for the Genuine, The: Nonfiction, 1970–2015 (2022)

• Plain Song (W.W. Norton, 1965) • Walking (Pym-Randall Press, 1967) • Locations (W.W. Norton, 1968) • Outlyer and Ghazals (Simon and Schuster, 1971) • Letters to Yesenin (Sumac, 1973) • Returning to Earth (Court Street Chapbook Series) (Ithaca Street, 1977) • Selected and New Poems, 1961–1981 (Houghton Mifflin, 1981) • Natural World: A Bestiary (Open Book, 1982) • The Theory & Practice of Rivers (Winn, 1986). Republished 1989 by Clark City Press. • After Ikkyu and Other Poems (Shambhala, 1996) • The Shape of the Journey: New and Collected Poems (Copper Canyon Press, 1998) • A Conversation (Aralia Press, 2002). Chapbook coauthored with Ted Kooser. • Braided Creek: A Conversation in Poetry (Copper Canyon Press, 2003). Coauthored with Ted Kooser. • Livingston Suite (Limberlost Press, 2005). Illustrated by Greg Keeler. • Saving Daylight (Copper Canyon Press, 2006) • In Search of Small Gods (Copper Canyon Press, 2009) • Songs of Unreason (Copper Canyon Press, 2011) • Dead Man's Float (Copper Canyon Press, 2016) • Jim Harrison: The Essential Poems (Copper Canyon Press, 2019). Edited by Joseph Bednarik. • Jim Harrison: Complete Poems (Copper Canyon Press, 2021). Edited by Joseph Bednarik.

Writer • Dalva (1996) • Carried Away (1996) • Legends of the Fall (1994) • Wolf (1994) (Also producer) • Revenge (1990) • Cold Feet (1989) Self • Here is Something Beautiful (announced) • La grande librairie (2009–2015) • Café littéraire (2010) • The Practice of the Wild (2010) • Amérique, notre histoire (2006) • Le cercle de minuit (1995)

• Wolf: A False Memoir (1971) • A Good Day to Die (1973) • Farmer (1976) • Warlock (1981) • Sundog: The Story of an American Foreman, Robert Corvus Strang (1984) • Dalva (1988) • The Road Home (1998), • True North (2004) • Returning To Earth (2007), • The English Major (2008), • The Great Leader (2011), • The Big Seven (2015),

• The Boy Who Ran to the Woods (Illustrated by Tom Pohrt) (2000)

• "Jim Harrison, Poet, Novelist and Essayist, Is Dead at 78," by Margalit Fox, The New York Times, March 27, 2016 • Biographical note, poems, and prose by Jim Harrison at the Poetry Foundation • Jim Harrison Papers at Grand Valley State University features a chronology of his life • "Pleasures of the Hard-Worn Life" New York Times article by Charles McGrath (includes video) • "The Last Lion" Outside Magazine, October 2011 • Review of The Summer He Didn't Die in Narrative Magazine, (Fall 2005) *