Howard Scott Warshaw
Howard Scott Warshaw (born July 30, 1957), also known as HSW, is an American psychotherapist and former game designer. He worked at Atari, Inc. In the early 1980s, where he designed and programmed the Atari 2600 games Yars' Revenge, Raiders of the Lost Ark, and E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial.
Also recorded as HSW · The Silicon Valley Therapist
Howard Scott Warshaw

UCIBrenICS · Howard Scott Warshaw: Part II · CC BY 3.0
- Born
- 1957.
- Nationality
- United States.
- Occupation
- programmer, engineer, computer scientist, designer, psychotherapist and video game developer.
- Known for
- E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, Raiders of the Lost Ark, Yars' Revenge, A-Team and Saboteur.
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Documentary summary
Howard Scott Warshaw (born July 30, 1957), also known as HSW, is an American psychotherapist and former game designer. He worked at Atari, Inc. In the early 1980s, where he designed and programmed the Atari 2600 games Yars' Revenge, Raiders of the Lost Ark, and E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial.
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Note VALÉORINE
Howard Scott Warshaw (born 1957) is an American computer scientist, designer and engineer, among other activities. The computer scientist was born in United States.
Howard Scott Warshaw studied at Tulane University. The computer scientist is a member of Phi Beta Kappa Society.
Works include A-Team, Raiders of the Lost Ark, Saboteur and Yars' Revenge. Languages used include English.
Composed from admitted, traceable facts · 26 September 2026
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In this article
Early life
Early life
Warshaw has written four books, and produced and directed three documentaries.
Warshaw was "Colorado-born, Jersey-raised, and New Orleans-schooled." He attended Tulane University, where he received a bachelor's degree with a double major in Math and Economics. He graduated Phi Beta Kappa and received a scholarship for his graduate work in Computer Science. One year later, he received his master's degree in Computer Engineering.
Career
Career
After graduation, he was hired at Hewlett-Packard as a multi-terminal systems engineer. Feeling unfulfilled, he began looking for another job. In 1981, he was hired at Atari, Inc.
Atari
Atari
Warshaw's first success, Yars' Revenge, had been conceived as an Atari 2600 adaptation of the arcade game Star Castle. However, as limitations became clear, Warshaw re-adapted the concept into a new game involving mutated houseflies defending their world against an alien attacker. The game's working title was Time Freeze. Playtesting by Atari found that the game was popular with women. The game was a major success and is still regarded as one of the best games made for the Atari 2600. This led Warshaw to be chosen to design the game adaptation of the film Raiders of the Lost Ark, which was also a critically acclaimed commercial success. His success on Raiders likewise made him designer and programmer of the ill-fated Atari 2600 adaptation of the film E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial. Problems began early as he was only given five weeks to go from concept to finished product. Warshaw was assisted by Jerome Domurat, a graphics designer at Atari. Although the game was finished on time, it was poorly received and seen as confusing and frustrating. Atari took a major financial loss on the project which, combined with the company's other poor business decisions and the video game crash of 1983, led to the company being divided and sold within two years. During this time, Warshaw developed and almost finished another game called Saboteur. He left the company before it was completed. It was then re-adapted into a game based on the television series The A-Team but this also remained unfinished.
Later work
Later work
Later, he studied video production and released the documentary From There to Here: Scenes of Passage, a chronicle of the American immigration of two Russian women from the same family, one in 1920 and the other in 1980. Subsequently, he went on to produce the multi-part documentary Once Upon Atari, a collection of interviews and stories of employees and designers at Atari during the late 1970s and early 1980s. On November 14, 2012, Warshaw became a licensed psychotherapist in California. He has a private practice in Los Altos as well as doing public speaking and training delivery in the Silicon Valley area. In June 2013, Warshaw became a contributing artist to the Museum of Modern Art in New York where Yars' Revenge was accepted as a part of the new video game collection. As of that time, this game became part of the museum's second round of additions, out of the first twenty-one total items, in their video game collection which had begun in late 2012. In early 2020, Warshaw published Inspired Therapist: My Inner Journey from Wannabe to Healer, relating "a series of reflections about therapy, what it means to be a therapist, and what it means to live an authentic life". Also in 2020, Warshaw published a companion volume to his documentary Once Upon Atari, a book titled Once Upon Atari: How I made History by Killing an Industry.
Life and career
Dated record
Life and career
The full dated record · 1 entries
1957
Howard Scott Warshaw born at United States.
Primary material
Documents and archives
reference work
- “Howard Scott Warshaw”, English Wikipedia, consulted as further reading
Reputable secondary · Wikipedia
- Wikidata, structured authority record Q377167: Howard Scott Warshaw
Reputable secondary · Wikimedia Foundation
authority file
Notes from the source article
Cited by Wikipedia
Notes from the source article
These works are cited by the source article, in its own numbering. They are recorded as its citations, not as sources VALÉORINE has verified.
- 1.Vice & Consent.
- 2.Scott Stilphen. DP Interviews.
- 3.Warshaw, Howard Scott. Total Failure: The World's Worst Video Game. NPR. May 31, 2017.
- 4.The Onion. Howard Scott Warshaw. The A.V. Club. 2 February 2005.
- 5.Imagine Media. Once Upon Atari: The Agony and the Ecstasy Video Review. Next Generation. 40. 20. April 1998.
- 6.Museum of Modern Art. Yars' Revenge at the MoMA collection.
- 7.Galloway, Paul. Video Games: Seven More Building Blocks in MoMA's Collection. Museum of Modern Art. June 28, 2013.
- 8.Antonelli, Paola. Video Games: 14 in the Collection, for Starters. Museum of Modern Art. November 29, 2013.
- 9.Howard Scott Warshaw.
References
Citations
References
Each reference names the institution holding it, so a reader may go to the document itself.
reference work
Secondary witnessauthority file
Secondary witnessreference work
Wikidata, structured authority record Q377167: Howard Scott WarshawWikimedia Foundation
Secondary witness
The Encyclopedia exists whether or not anything is for sale. Corrections are recorded rather than overwritten, and every version of this record is kept. Published 14 August 2026.
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