Henry Smith Pritchett

• Name — Henry Smith Pritchett • Order1 — 5th • Title1 — President of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology • Term Start1 — 1900 • Term End1 — 1907 • Predecessor1 — James Crafts • Successor1 — Arthur Amos Noyes (acting) • Order2 — 9th • Title2 — Superintendent of the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey • Term Start2 — December 1, 1897 • Term End2 — November 30, 1900 • Predecessor2 — William Ward Duffield • Successor2 — Otto Hilgard Tittmann • Born — 16 April 1857 • Birthplace — Fayette, Missouri, U.S. • Died — 28 August 1939 • Place of death — Santa Barbara, California, U.S. • Alma Mater — Pritchett College • Illustration — Pritchett and Carnegie c. 1908

Pritchett was born on April 16, 1857, in Fayette, Missouri, the son of Carr Waller Pritchett, Sr., and attended Pritchett College in Glasgow, Missouri, receiving an A.B. in 1875. He then took instruction from Asaph Hall for two years at the US Naval Observatory after which he was made an assistant astronomer. In 1880, he returned to Glasgow to take a position at the Morrison Observatory, where his father Carr Waller Pritchett, Sr. was director. He served as an astronomer on the Transit of Venus Expedition to New Zealand in 1882. When he returned in 1883, he took an appointment as professor of mathematics and astronomy and director of the observatory at Washington University in St. Louis. In the early 1890s he studied in Germany, where he obtained a PhD from the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München in 1894. He was Superintendent of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey from 1897 to 1900. In 1899, he was elected to the American Philosophical Society. Pritchett served as the president of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) from 1900 to 1906. Pritchett was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1901. Pritchett was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1902. Pritchett later resigned, though the reasons and timing are unclear. He was president of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching (CFAT) from 1906 until he retired in 1930. His principal accomplishment while with the CFAT was the institution of a fully funded pension program (the Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association, TIAA) in 1918. He also served as the first president of the National Society for the Promotion of Industrial Education (1907). He had a long involvement with the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, and served as a trustee for Carnegie Institute for Science. He died on August 28, 1939, in Santa Barbara, California.