half cent
The half cent was the smallest denomination of United States coin ever minted. It was first minted in 1793 and last minted in 1857. In that time, it had purchasing power equivalent to between ¢ and ¢ in values.
half cent

The original uploader was Bobby131313 at English Wikipedia. · Public domain
- Field
- coin of the United States dollar
- Region
- United States
- Related practice
- copper
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Documentary summary
The half cent was the smallest denomination of United States coin ever minted. It was first minted in 1793 and last minted in 1857. In that time, it had purchasing power equivalent to between ¢ and ¢ in values.
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wikidata · Q1283200 · wikipedia · Half cent
In this article
Overview
Overview
It was minted with five different designs.

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Bobby131313 at en.wikipedia
Key facts
Key facts
• Country — United States • Denomination — Half cent • Value — 0.5 cents or 0.005 • Unit — US dollars • Diameter — 23.5 • Thickness — 2 • Edge — * lettered (1793, 1797) • plain (1794–1857) • gripped (1797) • Composition — 100% copper • Years Of Minting — 1793–1857 • Obverse Design — Lady Liberty with braided hair • Obverse Designer — Christian Gobrecht • Reverse Design — Denomination surrounded by a wreath • Reverse Design Date — 1840 • Reverse Discontinued — 1857
History
History
First authorized by the Coinage Act of 1792 on April 2, 1792, the coin was produced in the United States from 1793 to 1857. The half-cent piece was made of 100% copper and worth half of a cent, or one two-hundredth of a dollar (five milles). It was slightly smaller than a modern U.S. quarter with diameters 22 mm (1793), 23.5 mm (1794–1836), and 23 mm (1840–1857). They were all produced at the Philadelphia Mint. The Coinage Act of February 21, 1857, discontinued the half-cent and the similar large cent, and authorized the small cent (Flying Eagle cent).
Design varieties
Design varieties
There are several different types of half cents: • Liberty Cap, Facing left (designed and engraved by Henry Voigt) – issued 1793 • Liberty Cap, Facing right (large head designed by Robert Scot, small head designed by Scot-John Gardner, engraved by Robert Scot) – issued 1794 to 1797 • Draped Bust (obverse designed by Gilbert Stuart and Robert Scot, reverse designed by Scot-John Gardner, engraved by Robert Scot) – issued 1800 to 1808 • Classic Head (designed and engraved by Robert Scot or John Reich) – issued 1809 to 1836 • Braided Hair (designed by Christian Gobrecht) – issued 1840 to 1857 There are no mint marks on any of the coins (all minted at the Philadelphia Mint) and the edges are plain on most half cents. On the 1793, 1794, and some 1795 coins and a variety of the 1797 coin, it was lettered TWO HUNDRED FOR A DOLLAR and another 1797 variety had a gripped, or milled, edge.
Mintage figures
Mintage figures
Liberty Cap, facing left • 1793 – 35,334 Liberty Cap, facing right • 1794 – 81,600 • 1795 – 139,690 • 1796 – 1,390 • 1797 – 127,840 Draped Bust • 1800 – 202,908 • 1802 – 20,266 • 1803 – 92,000 • 1804 – 1,055,312 • 1805 – 814,464 • 1806 – 356,000 • 1807 – 476,000 • 1808 – 400,000 Classic Head (Shown at top right) • 1809 – 1,154,572 • 1810 – 215,000 • 1811 – 63,140 • 1825 – 63,000 • 1826 – 234,000 • 1828 – 606,000 • 1829 – 487,000 • 1831 – 2,200 • 1832 – 51,000 • 1833 – 103,000 • 1834 – 141,000 • 1835 – 398,000 • 1836 – proof only, restrikes were made • 1837 – No half cents were struck by the United States government; however, due to the need for small change, half-cent tokens were produced by private businessmen. Braided Hair • 1840 through 1849 were proof-only issues. There were restrikes made. • 1849 – 39,864 • 1850 – 39,812 • 1851 – 147,672 • 1852 – proof only. Restrikes were made. • 1853 – 129,694 • 1854 – 55,358 • 1855 – 56,500 • 1856 – 40,430 • 1857 – 35,180
Chronology
Dated record
Chronology
Explore 1793–1857
The full dated record · 4 entries
1793
half cent first recorded.
1793
half cent began in 1793.
1857
half cent recorded as ended.
1857
half cent ended in 1857.
Places
Named by the record
Places
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- United States
Notes from the source article
Cited by Wikipedia
Notes from the source article
These works are cited by the source article, in its own numbering. They are recorded as its citations, not as sources VALÉORINE has verified.
Bibliography printed in the source article · 11
- Yeoman-2014 sfn whitelist, CITEREFYeoman2014
- The Half Cent Die State Book 1793–1857 by Ronald P. Manley, Ph.D., 1998.
- American Half Cents – The "Little Half Sisters" (Second Edition) by Roger S. Cohen Jr., 1982.
- Walter Breen's Encyclopedia of United States Half Cents 1793–1857 by Walter Breen, 1983.
- The Half Cent, 1793–1857 The Story of American's Greatest Little Coin by William R. Eckberg, 2019
- The Half Cent Handbook – Draped Bust Varieties 1800–1808 by Ed Fuhrman, 2020.
- The Half Cent Handbook – Classic Head & Braided Hair Varieties by Ed Fuhrman, 2021.
- The Half Cent Handbook – Liberty Cap Varieties 1793–1797 by Ed Fuhrman, 2022.
- The Half Cent Handbook – Errors and Oddities by Ed Fuhrman, 2022.
- The Half Cent Handbook – Ultimate Grading Guide by Ed Fuhrman, 2023.
- The Half Cent Handbook – Ultimate Attribution Guide by Ed Fuhrman, 2023.
References
Citations
References
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The Encyclopedia exists whether or not anything is for sale. Corrections are recorded rather than overwritten, and every version of this record is kept. Published 14 August 2026.
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