Fagundes Varela
Luís Nicolau Fagundes Varela (August 17, 1841 – February 18, 1875) was a Brazilian Romantic poet, adept of the "Ultra-Romanticism" movement. He is patron of the 11th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.
Also recorded as Luís Nicolau Fagundes Varela · Luis Nicolau Fagundes Varela
Fagundes Varela

Public domain
- Name
- Fagundes Varela
- Birth Name
- Luís Nicolau Fagundes Varela
- Born
- 17 August 1841
- Birthplace
- Rio Claro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Died
- 18 February 1875
- Place of death
- Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Occupation
- Poet
- Movement
- Romanticism
- Spouse
- Alice Guilhermina Luande, Maria Belisária de Brito Lambert
- Nationality
- Brazil
- Education
- University of São Paulo
- Languages
- Portuguese
VALÉORINE Encyclopedia
VALÉORINE documentary reading
Documentary summary
Luís Nicolau Fagundes Varela (August 17, 1841 – February 18, 1875) was a Brazilian Romantic poet, adept of the "Ultra-Romanticism" movement. He is patron of the 11th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.
Admitted source layer · organised and presented by VALÉORINE
Note VALÉORINE
No house-authored Note is published until its assertions and sources pass the VALÉORINE evidence contract. The documentary article remains available in full while that enrichment is being consolidated.
Documentary enrichment in progress · no unsupported statement published
Reference Check
Propose documentary evidence for Fagundes Varela. A contribution is never written directly as fact: identity, source, rights and evidence gates still decide.
Sign in to contribute
World of VALÉORINE
Documentary connections
Only confirmed graph relationships appear here. Images are shown only when their identity and reuse rights both pass the documentary gate.
Documentary evidence
Evidence Panel
not yet certified
- Identity
- resolved
- Independent source families
- 0
- Admitted assertions
- 0
- Open conflicts
- 0
Authority files
loc · no2002092301 · wikidata · Q2088965 · wikipedia · Fagundes Varela
In this article
Key facts
Key facts
• Name — Fagundes Varela • Birth Name — Luís Nicolau Fagundes Varela • Born — 17 August 1841 • Birthplace — Rio Claro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil • Died — 18 February 1875 • Place of death — Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil • Occupation — Poet • Movement — Romanticism • Notable Works — Noturnas, Vozes da América • Spouse — Alice Guilhermina Luande, Maria Belisária de Brito Lambert • Children — Emiliano Varela
Biography
Biography
• Illustration — A portrait of Fagundes Varela, by Pedro Américo Luís Nicolau Fagundes Varela was born in Rio Claro in 1841, to Emiliano Fagundes Varela and Emília de Andrade. He spent most of his childhood at the farm where he was born, later moving to innumerous places, among them the city of Catalão, Goiás, where he met Bernardo Guimarães. Returning to Rio de Janeiro, he lived in Angra dos Reis and Petrópolis, where he concluded his primary and secondary studies. In 1859, he went to São Paulo and, in 1862, he enrolled at the Largo de São Francisco Law School, but abandoned it to dedicate himself to the literature and to the bohemianism. He published his first poetry book, Noturnas, one year before. He married a circus artist from Sorocaba, Alice Guilhermina Luande. This provoked a scandal in his family and made his financial condition worse. With her he had a son, Emiliano, who died at 3 months old; extremely depressed, Fagundes wrote in the memory of his dead son his most well-known poem, "Cântico do Calvário" (that can be found on the book Cantos e Fantasias). His wife died in 1865 or 1866, while Varela was travelling to Recife. Returning to São Paulo, he enrolled once more in the Largo de São Francisco Law School in 1867, but later abandoned it once more. He then returned to his house in Rio Claro, living there until 1870. He married again, with his cousin Maria Belisária de Brito Lambert, having two daughters and one son. Having moved to Niterói with his father in 1870, he lived there until his death on 8 February 1875. Some of Varela's poems have an unusual theme for the Ultra-Romanticism: abolitionism. Because of that, he is considered to be one of the forerunners of the "Condorism", alongside Junqueira Freire, another Ultra-Romantic poet who spoke of abolitionism in some of his poems.
Works
Works
• Noturnas (1861) • Vozes da América (1864) • Cantos e Fantasias (1865) • Cantos Meridionais (1869) • Cantos do Ermo e da Cidade (1869) • Anchieta, ou O Evangelho na Selva (1875 — posthumous) • Cantos Religiosos (1878 — poems compiled by Varela's friend Otaviano Hudson, with the objective of consolating Varela's wife and children) • O Diário de Lázaro e Outras Poesias (1880 — posthumous)
Life and career
Dated record
Life and career
The full dated record · 2 entries
1841
Fagundes Varela was born in 1841 at São João Marcos.
1875
Fagundes Varela died in 1875 at Niterói.
Places
Named by the record
Places
Only places the record itself states, plotted where the house gazetteer settles their coordinates. Nothing is inferred from a name or a nationality.
São João Marcos.
Birth place
Niterói.
Death place
Primary material
Documents and archives
authority file
- Library of Congress Name Authority File, Fagundes Varela (Brazil) (no2002092301).
Unverified · Library of Congress
- VIAF cluster 24730690 for Fagundes Varela, aggregating national library name authorities.
Unverified · OCLC
reference work
- Wikidata, structured authority record Q2088965: Fagundes Varela
Reputable secondary · Wikidata
- “Fagundes Varela”, English Wikipedia, consulted as further reading
Reputable secondary · Wikipedia
Notes from the source article
Cited by Wikipedia
Notes from the source article
These works are cited by the source article, in its own numbering. They are recorded as its citations, not as sources VALÉORINE has verified.
- 1.citar livro Iniciação à literatura brasileira: resumo para principiantes CANDIDO Antonio Humanitas/ FFLCH/USP 1999 São Paulo 44-45
- 2.Citar livro https://books.google.com/books?id=2-8rAAAAYAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=%22Fagundes+Varela%22+%22cadeira+11%22&q=%22Fagundes+Varela%22+%22cadeira+11%22&hl=pt-BR Carta': informe de distribuição restrita do Senador Darcy Ribeiro Gabinete do Senador Darcy Ribeiro, Senado Federal 1993 Brasília 10
- 3.Citar livro https://books.google.com/books?id=_Hc-EAAAQBAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PT251&dq=%22Fagundes+Varela%22+%22cadeira+11%22&hl=pt-BR Enciclopédia 2020 Brasília e o seu 3° Milênio. Vasconcelos José Adirson de Editora Kelps 2021 Brasília 251
- 4.citar web https://www.academia.org.br/academicos/fagundes-varela/biografia Fagundes Varela 20 de maio de 2025 Academia Brasileira de Letras
- 5.citar livro Apresentação da poesia brasileira BANDEIRA Manuel Cosac Naify 80
- 6.citar web https://www.academia.org.br/academicos/fagundes-varela/textos-escolhidos Fagundes Varela 20 de maio de 2025 Academia Brasileira de Letras
- 7.citar periódico https://seer.ufrgs.br/index.php/NauLiteraria/article/view/126938 Os direitos humanos na poesia romântica brasileira 20 de maio de 2025 Nau literária 1 FREITAS José Carlos 6 18
References
Citations
References
Each reference names the institution holding it, so a reader may go to the document itself.
authority file
Library of Congress Name Authority File, Fagundes Varela (Brazil) (no2002092301).Library of Congress
Partially resolvedauthority file
Partially resolvedreference work
Partially resolvedreference work
Partially resolved
People, houses and institutions
Knowledge graph
People, houses and institutions
Teachers, collaborators, publishers and institutions recorded against this person, each on a stated basis.
Studied at
1- University of São PauloOrganisation
Established from a fact already recorded on a verified source.
The Encyclopedia exists whether or not anything is for sale. Corrections are recorded rather than overwritten, and every version of this record is kept. Published 14 August 2026.
Elsewhere in Books
38,960 published records in this field, each with its sources named.
- Fadhma Aït MansourAuthor
- Faḍl al-YamamiyaAuthor
- Fadwa TuqanAuthor
- Fady JoudahAuthor
- Fahr-Ozma ArghunAuthor
- Fahrettin ÇiloğluAuthor
- Fâik Âli OzansoyAuthor
- Faik KonitzaAuthor
Best supported in this field
For owners
Own a work by Fagundes Varela?
A specialist will read what you send and tell you what the house can establish, what it cannot, and whether the object is suited to sale. There is no charge and no obligation. The object stays with you throughout; nothing is shipped to us unless it is arranged in writing beforehand.