Erich Fried

He settled in London and adopted British nationality in 1949. His first official visit back to Vienna was in 1962.

Training under Otto Spranger is recorded. The recorded working language is German. Subjects and genres recorded for the work are essay. Works named in the authority record are File ar Fhile: Erich Fried. Distinctions recorded are Georg Büchner Prize, Decoration of Honour in Gold for Services to the State of Vienna, Literaturpreis der Stadt Bremen and Carl von Ossietzky Medal.

Born to Jewish parents Nelly and Hugo Fried in Vienna, he was a child actor and from an early age wrote political essays and poetry. He fled to London after his father was murdered by the Gestapo after the Anschluss (i.e. annexation of Austria) by Nazi Germany. During World War II, he did casual work as a librarian and a factory hand. He arranged also for his mother to leave Nazi-occupied Austria, as well as helping many other Jews to come to the UK. He joined Young Austria, a left-wing emigrant youth movement, but left in 1943 in protest of its growing Stalinist tendencies. In 1944, he married Maria Marburg, shortly before the birth of his son Hans. During the same year, his first volume of poetry was published. He separated from Maria in 1946. Fried's German translation of Masefield's Good Friday was broadcast on the BBC German Service in 1951. He divorced Maria in 1952. In the same year, he married Nan Spence Eichner, with whom he had two children; David (born 1958) and Katherine (born 1961). From 1952 to 1968, he worked as a political commentator for the BBC German Service. In his annual review for 1961, Lindley Fraser wrote of him that 'Mr.Fried's contribution to the Soviet Zone programme is probably the most valuable single one we have'. He translated works by Shakespeare, T. S. Eliot, and Dylan Thomas. In 1962, he returned to Vienna for the first time. Erich and Nan divorced in 1965. In 1965, he married for a third time, wedding Catherine Boswell with whom he had three children; Petra (born 1965), Klaus, and Thomas (born 1969). He published several volumes of poetry as well as radio plays and a novel. His work was sometimes controversial, including attacks on the Zionist movement and support for left-wing causes. His work was mainly published in the West, but in 1969, a selection of his poetry was published in the GDR poetry series Poesiealbum, and his Dylan Thomas translations were published in that same series in 1974. The composer Hans Werner Henze set two of Fried's poems for his song-cycle Voices (1973). In 1982, he regained his Austrian nationality, though he also retained the British nationality he had adopted in 1949. He died of intestinal cancer in Baden-Baden, West Germany, in 1988 and is buried in Kensal Green Cemetery, London. An Austrian literary prize is named in his honour, more specifically the Erich Fried Prize.

Drei Gebete aus London (Three Prayers from London), 1945 Ein Soldat und ein Mädchen (A Soldier and a Girl), 1960 Reich der Steine, 1963 Warngedichte (Warning Poems), 1964 Überlegungen, 1964 Kinder und Narren, 1965 und Vietnam und (and Vietnam and), 1966 Anfechtungen, 1967 Die Beine der größeren Lügen, 1969 Poesiealbum, 1969 Unter Nebenfeinden, 1970 Die Freiheit den Mund aufzumachen, 1972 Höre Israel, 1974 So kam ich unter die Deutschen, 1977 100 Gedichte ohne Vaterland, 1978 Liebesgedichte (Love Poems), 1979 Es ist was es ist (It is what it is), 1983 Um Klarheit, 1985 Mitunter sogar Lachen, 1986

Source: Arden Must Die: An Opera on the Death of the Wealthy Arden of Faversham. (Original title: Arden muss sterben). Translated by Geoffrey Skelton. London: Schott 1967; New York: Associated Music Publishers 1967 Last Honours. A selection of poems translated by Georg Rapp. London: Turret 1968 On Pain of Seeing. A selection of poems translated by Georg Rapp. London: Rapp and Whiting 1969; Chicago: Swallow Press 1969 100 Poems Without a Country (identical in most parts with the original 100 Gedichte ohne Vaterland). Translated by Stuart Hood and Georg Rapp. London: John Calder 1978; New York: Red Dust 1980 Love Poems. Bilingual edition. A selection of poems from Liebesgedichte (1979) and Es ist was es ist (1983), translated by Stuart Hood. London: Calder Publication Limited Riverrun Press 1991. New, revised edition Alma Classics Ltd, 2011 Children and Fools. A selection of 34 stories translated by Martin Chalmers. London: Serpent's Tail 1993 There are as well translations of single poems in different anthologies.