David Kahn

David Kahn studied at University of Oxford and Bucknell University. The recorded working language is English. The field of work recorded is history, military history and military intelligence. Works named in the authority record are The Codebreakers. Distinctions recorded are IACR Fellow.

• Name — David Kahn • Born — 7 February 1930 • Birthplace — New York City, U.S. • Died — 23 January 2024 • Place of death — New York City, U.S. • Occupation — Historian, journalist, writer • Notable Works — The Codebreakers – The Story of Secret Writing • Spouse — Susanne Fiedler (divorced) • Children — Oliver and Michael

David Kahn was born in New York City to Florence Abraham Kahn, a glass manufacturer, and Jesse Kahn, a lawyer, and grew up in Great Neck, New York, on Long Island. Kahn said he traced his interest in cryptography to reading Fletcher Pratt's Secret and Urgent (1939) as a boy. Kahn was a founding editor of the Cryptologia journal. In 1969, Kahn married Susanne Fiedler; they divorced in 1994. They have two sons, Oliver and Michael. Kahn attended Bucknell University, graduating in 1951. After graduation, he was in the Army Reserve and worked as a part-time ice cream truck driver, as well as being a member of the American Cryptogram Association. Later, he worked as a reporter at Newsday. He also served as a copy editor at the International Herald Tribune in Paris in the 1960s. It was during this period that he wrote an article for The New York Times Magazine about two defectors from the National Security Agency. It was the origin of his monumental book, The Codebreakers.

The Codebreakers comprehensively chronicles the history of cryptography from ancient Egypt to the time of its writing. It is widely regarded as the best account of the history of cryptography up to its publication. Most of the editing, German translating, and insider contributions were from American World War II cryptographer Bradford Hardie III. William Crowell, the former deputy director of the National Security Agency, was quoted in Newsday as saying, "Before he (Kahn) came along, the best you could do was buy an explanatory book that usually was too technical and terribly dull." Kahn, then a newspaper journalist, was contracted to write a book on cryptography in 1961. He began writing it part-time, at one point quitting his regular job to work on it full-time. The book was to include information on the National Security Agency (NSA), and according to author James Bamford writing in 1982, the agency attempted to stop its publication and considered publishing a negative review of Kahn's work in the press to discredit him. A committee of the United States Intelligence Board concluded that the book was "a possibly valuable support to foreign COMSEC [communications security] authorities" and recommended "further low-key actions as possible, but short of legal action, to discourage Mr. Kahn or his prospective publishers." Kahn's publisher, the Macmillan Company, handed over the manuscript to the federal government for review without Kahn's permission on March 4, 1966. Kahn and Macmillan eventually agreed to remove some material from the manuscript, particularly concerning the relationship between the NSA and its British counterpart, the GCHQ, because Kahn felt pressured by the intelligence community. The Codebreakers did not cover most of the history concerning the breaking of the German Enigma machine (which became public knowledge only in the 1970s). Nor did it cover the advent of strong cryptography in the public domain, beginning with the invention of public key cryptography and the specification of the Data Encryption Standard in the mid-1970s. An updated edition in 1996 included an additional chapter covering events since the original publication.

• Illustration — Dr. David Kahn with a plaque from the National Cryptologic Museum Foundation to commemorate his 80th birthday in 2010 Kahn was awarded a doctorate (D.Phil.) from Oxford University in 1974, in modern German history under the supervision of the then-Regius Professor of Modern History, Hugh Trevor-Roper. Kahn continued his work as a reporter and op-ed editor for Newsday until 1998 and served as a journalism professor at New York University. Despite past differences between Kahn and the National Security Agency over the information in The Codebreakers, Kahn was selected in 1995 to become NSA's scholar-in-residence. On October 26, 2010, Kahn attended a ceremony at NSA's National Cryptologic Museum (NCM) to commemorate his donation of his lifetime collection of cryptologic books, memorabilia, and artifacts to the museum and its library. The collection is housed at the NCM library and is non-circulating (that is, items cannot be checked out or loaned out), but photocopying and photography of items in the collection are allowed.

Kahn lived in New York City. He also lived in Washington, D.C.; Paris, France; Freiburg, Germany; Oxford, England; and Great Neck, New York. He died on January 23, 2024, at the age of 93, in the Bronx.

David Kahn is recorded as historian, writer, journalist, cryptographer and cryptologist.