Coles 4038
Illustration — Two Coles 4038 microphones on display at the Beatles Story The Coles 4038 is a ribbon microphone produced by Coles Electroacoustics. The microphone was designed and patented by the BBC in the 1950s and was originally known as the STC 4038. The sound of the microphone has been described as "British" with a "BBC politeness", and its appearance has been likened to that of a waffle iron.
Coles 4038
![BBC microphones (The Beatles Story) BBC/Marconi Coles 4038 PGS (Pressure Gradient Single) Microphone PGS (pressure Gradient Single) microphone was designed by the BBC (founded by Marconi) and manufactured by STC in 1951/1952 as type 4038. [1] Also it may be manufactured by Coles, and named Coles 4038. References ↑ The PGS ribbon microphone - Marconi - Microphones. The History of Public Addres](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/BBC_microphones_%28The_Beatles_Story%29.jpg/1280px-BBC_microphones_%28The_Beatles_Story%29.jpg)
Hens Zimmerman · originally posted to Flickr as Beatles' Story museum, cool BBC microphones · CC BY 2.0
- Field
- ribbon microphone
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Illustration — Two Coles 4038 microphones on display at the Beatles Story The Coles 4038 is a ribbon microphone produced by Coles Electroacoustics. The microphone was designed and patented by the BBC in the 1950s and was originally known as the STC 4038. The sound of the microphone has been described as "British" with a "BBC politeness", and its appearance has been likened to that of a waffle iron.
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In this article
History
History
It is used in both sound recording and radio broadcasting.
The microphone was designed by the BBC in 1953 and the prototype was assigned the model number BBC PGS/1. It was designed as a result of the BBC's request for a strong and affordable microphone that was smaller than previous models (such as the Type A). The 4038 was an improvement on the Type A's frequency response, and was described as "less obtrusive". The microphone was produced by Standard Telephones and Cables before their manufacturing was transferred to Coles in the mid-1970s. Since its design in the 1950s, the technical specifications of the 4038 have remained unchanged.
Broadcast
Broadcast
At one point, Bush House, the former home of the BBC World Service, used the 4038 almost exclusively.
Technical
Technical
The 4038's frequency response is flat, with a range of approximately 30–15,000 Hz. The attenuation of high frequencies reduces sibilance on vocals, but also reduces detail. The microphone uses a bi-directional polar pattern. The microphone is connected using a Western Electric jack connector designated 4069, which adapts the microphone's three-pin output to a standard XLR connector. • Sensitivity (at 1,000 Hz Open Circuit Voltage): -65dB re: 1 Volt/Pa • Impedance: 300 ohms • Produced: 1950s–present
Recording
In recording environments, the 4038 is often used as drum overheads and on brass instruments. The microphone became a favourite of British recording engineers in the 1950s and 60s, but did not receive widespread use in the United States. The microphone was described as recording sounds "bigger than life" – such as drums or amplified guitars – some Beatles and Led Zeppelin recordings featured 4038s as overhead microphones on the drum kit. In a 1994 interview, Steve Albini said that "if [he] owned one mic, this would be it". Albini has also commented that "really nothing beats them as an overhead on a drum kit".
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The Encyclopedia exists whether or not anything is for sale. Corrections are recorded rather than overwritten, and every version of this record is kept. Published 16 August 2026.
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