Charles François de Cisternay du Fay
Charles François de Cisternay du Fay (14 September 1698 – 16 July 1739) was a French chemist and superintendent of the Jardin du Roi. He discovered that some charged items would repel while some would attract and posited the existence of two types of electricity and named them "vitreous" and "resinous" (in fact he had discovered positive and negative charge, respectively) He noted the difference between conductors and insulators, calling them 'electrics' and 'non-electrics' for their ability to produce contact electrification. He also discovered that alike-charged objects would repel each other and that unlike-charged objects attract.
Charles François de Cisternay du Fay
- Name
- Charles François de Cisternay du Fay
- Born
- 14 September 1698
- Birthplace
- Paris
- Died
- 16 July 1739
- Field
- chemistry
- Known for
- electric charge
- Nationality
- France
- Occupation
- chemist · physicist · writer
- Honours
- Fellow of the Royal Society
- Languages
- French
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Charles François de Cisternay du Fay (14 September 1698 – 16 July 1739) was a French chemist and superintendent of the Jardin du Roi. He discovered that some charged items would repel while some would attract and posited the existence of two types of electricity and named them "vitreous" and "resinous" (in fact he had discovered positive and negative charge, respectively) He noted the difference between conductors and insulators, calling them 'electrics' and 'non-electrics' for their ability to produce contact electrification. He also discovered that alike-charged objects would repel each other and that unlike-charged objects attract.
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In this article
Biography
Biography
He also disproved certain misconceptions regarding electric charge, such as that of Dr. Stephen Gray who believed that electric properties of a body depended on its colour. Du Fay's observations on electricity were reported in a paper written in December 1733 and printed in Volume 38 of the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society in 1734. He became a member of the French Academy of Sciences in 1723. Du Fay died of smallpox in 1739.
Key facts
Key facts
• Name — Charles François de Cisternay du Fay • Born — 14 September 1698 • Birthplace — Paris • Died — 16 July 1739 • Place of death — Paris • Field — chemistry • Known for — electric charge
Life and career
Dated record
Life and career
The full dated record · 2 entries
1698
Charles François de Cisternay du Fay born at Paris.
1739
Charles François de Cisternay du Fay died at Paris.
Publications
All Du Fay's publications appeared in the journal Histoire de l'Académie Royale des Sciences: avec les mémoires de mathématique & de physique pour les mêmes années • Mémoire sur les baromètres lumineux. 1723, PDF. • Description d'une Pompe, qui peut servir utilement dans les Incendies. 1725, PDF. • Description d'une machine pour connaitre l'heure vraie du soleil tous les jours de l'annee. 1725, PDF. • Expériences sur la dissolubilité de plusieurs sortes de Verres. 1727, PDF. • Remarques sur les polygones réguliers inscrits et circonscrits. 1727, PDF. • Observations sur quelques expériences de l'aimant. 1728, PDF. • Mémoire sur la teinture et la dissolution de plusieurs espèces de pierres. 1728, PDF. • Mémoire sur un grand nombre de phosphores nouveaux. 1730, PDF. • Suite des Observations sur l'aimant. 1730, PDF. • Troisième Mémoire sur l'aimant. 1731. PDF. • Premier mémoire sur l'électricité, Histoire de l'électricité. 1733, PDF. • Second mémoire sur l'électricité, Quels sont les Corps qui sont susceptibles d'Electricité. 1733, PDF. • Troisième mémoire sur l'électricité, Des Corps qui sont le plus vivement attirés par les matiéres électriques…. 1733, PDF. • Quatrième mémoire sur l'électricité, De l'Attraction & Répulsion des Corps Electriques. 1733, PDF. • Cinquième mémoire sur l'électricité, Où l'on rend compte des nouvelles découvertes… 1734, PDF. • Sixième mémoire sur l'électricité, Où l'on examine quel rapport il y a entre l'Electricité, & la faculté de rendre de la Lumiére. 1734, PDF. • Mémoire sur la roseé. 1736, PDF. • Observations sur la sensitive. 1736, PDF. • Septième mémoire sur l'électricité, Contenant quelques Additions aux Mémoires précédents. 1737, PDF. • Huitième mémoire sur l'électricité. 1737, PDF. • Versuche und Abhandlungen von der Electricität derer Cörper… Erfurt 1745, Online
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reference work
- “Charles François de Cisternay du Fay”, English Wikipedia, consulted as further reading
Reputable secondary · Wikipedia
authority record
- Wikidata, structured authority record Q345455: Charles François de Cisternay du Fay
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Notes from the source article
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- 1.Il est, d'après Fontenelle (Éloges académiques, vol. II), fils de Charles-Jérome de Cisternay du Faÿ (1662-1723), capitaine des Gardes françaises célèbre pour sa bibliophilie ( ).
- 2.D'après
- 3.Selon J. Roger (Buffon, éd. Fayard, 1989), le chimiste Hellot, collègue de Buffon à l'Académie, aurait obtenu d'un du Fay agonisant et presque inconscient de signer un codicille nommant Buffon comme son successeur au Jardin du Roi...
- 4.Voir l’Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers, article Baromètre .
Bibliography printed in the source article · 3
- Bernard Le Bovier de Fontenelle, Éloge de M. du Fay, in Histoires de l'Académie royale des Sciences - Année 1739, , Imprimerie royale, Paris, 1741 (lire en ligne)
- Bruno de Dinechin, Duhamel du Monceau : un savant exemplaire au siècle des lumières, éd. Connaissance et Mémoires Européennes, 1998.
- Gérard Borvon, De Dufay à Ampère, des deux espèces d'électricité aux deux sens du courant électrique, dans Bulletin de l'Union des physiciens, , (lire en ligne)
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