Alex Moulton

Alex Moulton studied at King's College and Marlborough College. The recorded working language is English. Employment is recorded with Bristol Aeroplane Company and Moulton Bicycle. Work by Alex Moulton is recorded in the collections of Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen and Museum of Modern Art. Distinctions recorded are Commander of the Order of the British Empire, Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering and Royal Designer for Industry.

• Honorific Suffix — FREng • Name — Alex Moulton • Birth Name — Alexander Eric Moulton • Born — 9 April 1920 • Birthplace — Stratford-upon-Avon • Died — 9 December 2012 • Place of death — Bath, Somerset • Education — Marlborough College • Alma Mater — University of Cambridge (BA) • Employer — Bristol Aeroplane Company Moulton Bicycle • Significant Projects — Moulton Bicycle Hydrolastic • Significant Awards — Queen's Award for Technical Innovation (1967)

Moulton's father, John Coney Moulton, was a naturalist working in the Far East. Alex Moulton was the great-grandson of the rubber pioneer Stephen Moulton, the founder of the family business called George Spencer, Moulton & Co. Ltd, based at Bradford-on-Avon, Wiltshire. Moulton was educated at Marlborough College and the University of Cambridge where he was an undergraduate at King's College.

During World War II he worked on engine design at the Bristol Aeroplane Company. After the war he joined the family company, which made rubber components such as suspension parts for railway carriages; he turned it towards rubber suspension systems for road vehicles. In the mid 1950s, Moulton developed an experimental rubber suspension which was tested on a Morris Minor. His friend Alec Issigonis heard of this work and together they designed a fluid and rubber suspension for a new Alvis car, which did not reach production. Moulton also designed "Flexitor" rubber springs for the 1958 Austin Gipsy, an off-road vehicle. After the family business was acquired by the Avon Rubber Company in 1956, Moulton established Moulton Developments Limited to design the suspension system for British Motor Corporation's new small car, the Mini, that was being designed by Issigonis. The combination of conical rubber springs and small wheels was one of the many innovative developments that allowed Issigonis to achieve the Mini's small overall size. This was later refined into the hydrolastic and hydragas suspension systems used on later British Leyland cars such as the Austin Maxi, Austin Allegro, Princess and Rover Metro, and later on Rover Group's MG F sports car. Moulton also designed the Moulton bicycle, launched in 1962, again using rubber suspension and small wheels. A factory was built at Bradford-on-Avon, and Moulton Bicycles Ltd soon became the second-largest frame builder in the country.

Moulton lived at The Hall, Bradford-on-Avon a 17th-century mansion. He was a member of Brooks's gentlemen's club in London. Moulton died on 9 December 2012 at the Royal United Hospital in Bath. His funeral, which was attended by 'Moultoneers' from all over the world, took place at Holy Trinity Church, Bradford-on-Avon on 19 December, after which he was interred in the family grave at Christ Church in the same town beside his great-grandfather, Stephen Moulton, who founded the Moulton dynasty in the Wiltshire town in 1848. Moulton never married, and had no immediate survivors.