Ad Verbum
Nick Montfort is an American computer scientist and poet who is a professor of digital media at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he directs a lab called The Trope Tank. He also holds a part-time position at the University of Bergen where he leads a node on computational narrative systems at the Center for Digital Narrative. Among his publications are seven books of computer-generated literature and six books from the MIT Press, several of which are collaborations.
Ad Verbum
- Name
- Nick Montfort
- Birth Name
- Nicholas Montfort
- Field
- Poetry, Interactive Fiction, Electronic literature
- Education
- University of Pennsylvania (PhD)
- Date
- 2000
- Genre
- interactive fiction
VALÉORINE Encyclopedia
VALÉORINE documentary reading
Documentary summary
Nick Montfort is an American computer scientist and poet who is a professor of digital media at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he directs a lab called The Trope Tank. He also holds a part-time position at the University of Bergen where he leads a node on computational narrative systems at the Center for Digital Narrative. Among his publications are seven books of computer-generated literature and six books from the MIT Press, several of which are collaborations.
Admitted source layer · organised and presented by VALÉORINE
Reference Check
Propose documentary evidence for Ad Verbum. A contribution is never written directly as fact: identity, source, rights and evidence gates still decide.
Sign in to contribute
World of VALÉORINE
Documentary connections
Only confirmed graph relationships appear here. Images are shown only when their identity and reuse rights both pass the documentary gate.
Documentary evidence
Documentary basis
Authority files
wikidata · Q4678185
In this article
The object
The object
His work also includes digital projects, many of them in the form of short programs. He lives in New York City.
Key facts
Key facts
• Name — Nick Montfort • Birth Name — Nicholas Montfort • Field — Poetry, Interactive Fiction, Electronic literature • Works — The Future, #!, Grand Text Auto, Twisty Little Passages, The Electronic Literature Collection: Volume 1, The New Media Reader • Education — University of Pennsylvania (PhD)
Poetry
Poetry
Montfort's poetry, in addition to computer-generated books and projects, includes digital poems that are collaborations with others. He, Amaranth Borsuk and Jesper Juul wrote The Deletionist, a system for generating erasure poetry from any page on the web. With Stephanie Strickland he wrote Sea and Spar Between, a generator of about 225 trillion stanzas arranged in a grid and combining language from Herman Melville's Moby Dick and Emily Dickinson's poems. Montfort and William Gillespie wrote 2002: A Palindrome Story, a 2002-word narrative palindrome published in 2002 in print and on the web. Riddle & Bind (Spineless Books, 2010), Montfort's first book of poetry, is a collection of poems written under constraint and literary riddles.
Interactive fiction
Interactive fiction
Montfort has written about interactive fiction and written several interactive fiction games. Book and Volume (2005) was a finalist in the 2007 Slamdance Guerilla Gamemaker Competition. However, after Super Columbine Massacre RPG!, which had also been named a finalist, was excluded from the festival, Montfort withdrew from the competition in protest. Released in 2000, Ad Verbum is a wordplay-based game in which the player has to figure out stylistic constraints in different locations and type certain commands in order to solve puzzles. It received the 2000 XYZZY Award for Best Puzzles. Twisty Little Passages: An Approach to Interactive Fiction, a 2003 book, was described by Steve Meretzky as "a thoroughly researched history of interactive fiction, as well as a brilliant analysis of the genre."
Writing on digital media
Writing on digital media
The group blog Grand Text Auto, active in the early 2000s, was one site where Montfort wrote with others about digital media. Montfort wrote Twisty Little Passages: An Approach to Interactive Fiction (MIT Press, 2003) and co-edited The Electronic Literature Collection: Volume 1 (ELO, 2006) and The New Media Reader (MIT Press, 2003) during that time. Montfort and Georgia Institute of Technology professor Ian Bogost wrote Racing the Beam: The Atari Video Computer System (MIT Press, 2009), a study of world's first widespread gaming system, the Atari 2600. In the book, they analyze the platforms, or systems, that underlie the computing process. They also discuss the social and cultural implications of the system that dominated the video game market.. Montfort along with nine other co-authors wrote 10 PRINT CHR$(205.5+RND(1)): GOTO 10 (MIT Press, 2012), or simply 10 PRINT, a study of the titular one-line BASIC program for the Commodore 64. Using the program as a template, 10 Print addresses the cultural phenomenon of computer programs, the randomness and regularity in computing and art and the maze in popular culture. His most recent book is The Future (MIT Press, 2017). A futures studies reviewer describes The Future as "written by an outsider to the foresight community" who "examines the works of artists, inventors, and designers and how they have imagined the future." The book was reviewed as "striking a balance between planning and poetry... a sober, tight account of what 'the future' is and has been, as well as how to think and make it."
Poetry
Poetry
• The Truelist (2017), also in print, Counterpath • Autopia (2016), also in print, Troll Thread • 2x6 (collaboration with six others, 2016), also in print, Les Figues • Taroko Gorge (2009) • Ream/Rame (collaboration with Anick Bergeron, 2008) • 2002: A Palindrome Story (collaboration with William Gillespie, 2002), also in print, Spineless Books
Prose
Prose
• Grand Text Auto group blog • Book and Volume (2005) • Implementation (collaboration with Scott Rettberg, 2004) • Ad Verbum (2000) • Winchester's Nightmare (1999)
Places
Named by the record
Places
Only places the record itself states, plotted where the house gazetteer settles their coordinates. Nothing is inferred from a name or a nationality.
- United States
Named but not plotted · 1
Ad Verbum is associated with United States.
Country
Computer-generated books
Montfort's The Truelist (Counterpath, 2017) is a computer-generated book-length poem produced by a one-page computer program. The code is included at the end of the book. Montfort has also done a complete studio recording reading The Truelist, available at PennSound. Among Montfort's computer-generated books is #! (pronounced "shebang"), in which he "chooses the programming languages Python, Ruby, and Perl (the last of which has a documented history as a poetic medium) to create impressions of an ideal—machines based on the rules of language." The book includes a Python version of "Taroko Gorge," which is available online in JavaScript and has been modified by many authors. Some of these "remixes" are collected in The Electronic Literature Collection: Volume 3. Montfort collaborated with six others on 2x6, a book published by Les Figues that includes six short programs and some of the short narrative poems these generate in English, Spanish, French, Polish, Japanese, and Russian. This project has also been exhibited and is available online on the Web. Montfort's Autopia, which assembles short sentences from the names of automobiles, is another project that also appears as a printed book (published by Troll Thread), a gallery installation, and a web page. These and other of his computer-generated books have been considered conceptual writing. Several of Montfort's printed computer-generated books were generated with programs he wrote during National Novel Generation Month (NaNoGenMo). These include three self-published books, Hard West Turn (2018 Edition), Megawatt, and World Clock, written during the first NaNoGenMo in 2014. Translations of two of these were published by presses in Europe: World Clock was published in Polish translation by ha!art, and Megawatt in German translation by Frohmann. Montfort is the founder and series editor of Using Electricity, a series of computer-generated books published by Counterpath. In November 2019 Montfort announced "Nano-NaNoGenMo," calling for short computer programs within that year's National Novel Generation Month. His request was that people write programs of 256 characters or less to generate novels of 50,000 words or more. He contributed several such programs himself, as did several others.
In print
• Montfort, Nick (2017). The Future. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. • Montfort, Nick (2016). Exploratory Programming for the Arts and Humanities. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. * • Montfort, Nick, and Ian Bogost (2009). Racing the Beam: The Atari Video Computer System. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. * *
Notes from the source article
Cited by Wikipedia
Notes from the source article
These works are cited by the source article, in its own numbering. They are recorded as its citations, not as sources VALÉORINE has verified.
- 1.Rettberg, Scott. Electronic literature. 2019-01-09. 978-1-5095-1677-3.
- 2.Nick Montfort, MIT Professor of Digital Media, Appointed Professor II at UiB Digital Culture. University of Bergen.
- 3.Partners and people at the Center for Digital Narrative. University of Bergen.
- 4.Nick Montfort. Poetry Foundation. 2019-11-26.
- 5.Nick Montfort, UHV American Book Review Reading Series Speaker. The Victoria Advocate.
- 6.Miller, Arthur I. The artist in the machine : the world of AI powered creativity. October 2019. 978-0-262-04285-7.
- 7.PennSound: Nick Montfort. writing.upenn.edu.
- 8.Book Review: #! The Found Poetry Review. www.foundpoetryreview.com.
- 9.Taroko Gorge and Its Remixes. I ♥ E-Poetry. 2013-11-15.
- 10.Marques da Silva, Ana. Writing–reading devices: intermediations. Neohelicon. 44. 1. 41–54. 2017-04-18. 0324-4652.
- 11.Electronic Literature Collection - Volume 3. collection.eliterature.org.
- 12.ZELTIL, YIGRU. BIBLIOGRAPHY OF CONCEPTUAL WRITING. LULU COM. 2017. 978-1-365-72551-7.
- 13.Dzieza, Josh. The strange world of computer-generated novels. The Verge. 2014-11-25.
- 14.Text-Savvy AI Is Here to Write Fiction. Wired. 1059-1028.
- 15.National Novel Generation Month. GitHub - NaNoGenMo/2019: National Novel Generation Month, 2019 edition. 2019-11-26.
- 16.Marczewska, Kaja. This is not a copy : writing at the iterative turn. 2018-02-22. 978-1-5013-3783-3.
- 17.Johnston, David Jhave. Aesthetic animism : digital poetry's ontological implications. 2016. 978-0-262-33439-6.
- 18.Stefans, Brian Kim. Word toys poetry and technics. The University of Alabama Press. 2015. 978-0-8173-9122-5.
- 19.Geyh, Paula. The Cambridge Companion to Postmodern American Fiction. Cambridge University Press. 184. April 24, 2017. 9781107103443.
- 20.Bray, Joe. The Routledge Companion to Experimental Literature. Routledge. 464. July 26, 2012. 9781136301742.
- 21.Association for Computing Machinery. Electronic Art and Animation Catalog. 102. 2001.
- 22.MIT Press. Twisty Little Passages. The MIT Press. 7 November 2003. 9780262134361.
- 23.Nick Montfort. Poetry Foundation. 2018-07-21.
- 24.Edgers, Geoff. A talk with Nick Montfort. The Boston Globe. March 8, 2009.
- 25.10 PRINT CHR$(205.5)+RND(1); : GOTO 10. 10 PRINT.
- 26.Book Review: The Future AAI Foresight. aaiforesight.com.
- 27.A Review of The Future. ADJACENT Issue 3. 2018-06-05.
References
Citations
References
Each reference names the institution holding it, so a reader may go to the document itself.
reference work
Secondary witness
The Encyclopedia exists whether or not anything is for sale. Corrections are recorded rather than overwritten, and every version of this record is kept. Published 19 August 2026.
Elsewhere in Collectables
20,755 published records in this field, each with its sources named.
- Actua Ice Hockey 2Work
- Actua Soccer 2Work
- Actua TennisWork
- Ad InfinitumWork
- AD&D Masterpiece CollectionWork
- Adam's VentureWork
- AdamiOrganisation
- AdamsonOrganisation
Best supported in this field
For owners
Own a copy of Ad Verbum?
A specialist will read what you send and tell you what the house can establish, what it cannot, and whether the object is suited to sale. There is no charge and no obligation. The object stays with you throughout; nothing is shipped to us unless it is arranged in writing beforehand.