Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
Louis IX of Hesse-Darmstadt (Ludwig; 15 December 1719 – 6 April 1790) was Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1768 to 1790. After his military service in the army of Frederick the Great, Louis was involved in freemasonry and interested in theosophy and alchemy. He corresponded with Emanuel Swedenborg in 1771, as Swedonborg hoped that Louis would take over the leadership of Swedish Rite freemasonry in Germany.
Also recorded as Ludwig IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
Unidentified painter · Own work by Rama · CC BY-SA 2.0 fr
- Name
- Louis IX
- Born
- 15 December 1719
- Birthplace
- Darmstadt
- Died
- 6 April 1790
- Place of death
- Pirmasens
- Nationality
- Germany
- Occupation
- aristocrat · politician · soldier · composer
- Fields
- central government · politics · governance · military service
- Honours
- Order of St. Andrew
- Languages
- German · Latin
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Louis IX of Hesse-Darmstadt (Ludwig; 15 December 1719 – 6 April 1790) was Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1768 to 1790. After his military service in the army of Frederick the Great, Louis was involved in freemasonry and interested in theosophy and alchemy. He corresponded with Emanuel Swedenborg in 1771, as Swedonborg hoped that Louis would take over the leadership of Swedish Rite freemasonry in Germany.
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Authority files
wikidata · Q213610 · wikipedia · Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
In this article
Biography
Biography
The previous holder of this title was John William Friso, Prince of Orange.
Key facts
Key facts
• Name — Louis IX • Succession — Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt • Reign — 12 October 1768 – 6 April 1790 • Predecessor — Louis VIII • Successor — Louis X • Issue — * Caroline, Landgravine of Hesse-Homburg • Frederica Louisa, Queen of Prussia • Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse • Amalie, Hereditary Princess of Baden • Wilhelmina Louisa, Tsarevna of Russia • Louisa Augusta, Grand Duchess of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach • Prince Frederick • Prince Christian • House — Hesse-Darmstadt • Father — Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt • Mother — Countess Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg • Born — 15 December 1719 • Birthplace — Darmstadt • Died — 6 April 1790 • Place of death — Pirmasens
Early life
Early life
Louis IX was born in Darmstadt on 15 December 1719 to Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, and Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg and Müntzenberg.
Biography
Biography
His main residence was his palace in Pirmasens, Schloss Pirmasens.
Personal life
Personal life
On 12 August 1741, Louis married Caroline, daughter of Christian III, Duke of Zweibrücken. They had three sons and five daughters, including: • Princess Caroline of Hesse-Darmstadt (1746–1821), married Frederick V, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg • Princess Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt (1751–1805), married King Friedrich Wilhelm II of Prussia and became Queen of Prussia • Prince Louis X (1753–1830), later Grand Duke Louis I, married his first cousin Princess Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt • Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt (1754–1832), married her first cousin Karl Ludwig, Hereditary Prince of Baden • Princess Wilhelmina Louisa of Hessen-Darmstadt (1755–1776), married Grand Duke Pavel Petrovich of Russia, later emperor • Princess Luise Auguste of Hesse-Darmstadt (1757–1830), married Karl August, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach • Prince Frederick (10 June 1759 – 11 March 1802) Never married and had no issue. • Prince Christian of Hesse-Darmstadt (1763–1830) • A stillborn son on 3 May 1742 In 1775, Louis IX married Marie Adelaide of Cheirouze, countess of Lemberg. On 6 April 1790, Louis died in Pirmasens. Additionally Louis had an extramarital son with Ernestine Rosine Doll: • Ernest Louis von Hessenzeig (10 November 1761 - 22 December 1774) Died young.
Identity and origins
Identity and origins
The authorities additionally record the heading Ludwig IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt. His recorded languages were German and Latin. He was the child of Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg. He married Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken and Marie Adelaide of Cheirouze, Countess of Lemberg. 4 children are recorded: Landgravine Caroline of Hesse-Darmstadt, Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt, Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse and Landgravine Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt.
Career and activity
Career and activity
Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt worked in central government, politics, governance, military service and military march. He worked at Pirmasens, Darmstadt and Hesse.
Identity
Identity
Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt is recorded as aristocrat, politician, soldier and composer.
Life and career
Dated record
Life and career
The full dated record · 1 entries
1790
Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt died at Pirmasens.
Places
Named by the record
Places
Only places the record itself states, plotted where the house gazetteer settles their coordinates. Nothing is inferred from a name or a nationality.
Darmstadt.
Birth place
Pirmasens.
Death place
Literature
Scholarly footprint
A count of publications is evidence of attention, not of standing, and is given here only as a measure.
Citations
References
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The Encyclopedia exists whether or not anything is for sale. Corrections are recorded rather than overwritten, and every version of this record is kept. Published 14 August 2026.
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