Jeremias Gotthelf

Jeremias Gotthelf studied at University of Bern. The recorded working language is German and Swiss Standard German. Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi is recorded as an influence. Works named in the authority record are The Black Spider, Kurt von Koppigen and Ulric the farm servant.

• Name — Albert Bitzius • Pseudonym — Jeremias Gotthelf • Birth Name — Albert Bitzius • Born — 4 October 1797 • Birthplace — Murten, Switzerland • Died — 22 October 1854 • Place of death — Lützelflüh, Switzerland • Occupation — Pastor, writer • Language — (Swiss Standard) German • Nationality — Swiss • Notableworks — The Black Spider • Children — 1 son, 2 daughters

Bitzius was born at Murten, where his father was pastor. The Bitzius family had once belonged to the Bernese patriciate, but was known for its craftsmen and pastors since the 17th century. In 1804, the family home was moved to Utzenstorf, a village in the Bernese Emmental. Here young Bitzius grew up, receiving his early education and consorting with the boys of the village, as well as helping his father to cultivate his glebe. In 1812 he went to complete his education at Bern. He was a founding member of the Student Society Zofingia, the second-oldest fraternity in Switzerland (founded in 1819). In 1820 he was received as a pastor. In 1821 he enrolled for a year at the University of Göttingen, but returned home in 1822 to act as his father's assistant. On his father's death (1824) he went in the same capacity to Herzogenbuchsee, and later to Bern (1829). Early in 1831 he went as assistant to the aged pastor of the village of Lützelflüh, in the Lower Emmental (between Langnau and Burgdorf), being soon elected his successor (1832) and marrying one of his granddaughters, Henriette Zeender (1833). He spent the rest of his life in Lützelflüh, where he died, leaving three children (the son was a pastor, the two daughters married pastors). During the 1840s, he steadfastly opposed radicalism and secularism and placed a conservative emphasis on piety and ecclesiastical authority. There are lives of Bitzius by C. Manuel, in the Berlin edition of Bitzius's works (Berlin, 1861), and by J. Ammann in vol. i. (Bern, 1884) of the Sammlung Bernischer Biographien. • Illustration — Birthplace in Murten (Deutsches Pfarrhaus) • Illustration — Church in Lützelflüh

Jeremias Gotthelf was recorded at birth as Albert Bitzius. He also worked under the name Jeremias Gotthelf. The authorities additionally record the heading Bitzius. His recorded languages were German and Swiss Standard German. His recorded confession was Protestantism. He married Henriette Bitzius-Zeender. 3 children are recorded: Albert Bitzius, Henriette Rüetschi and Cécile von Rütte-Bitzius. Other recorded relations include Albert von Rütte.

Jeremias Gotthelf is recorded as writer, novelist, parson, theologian and school inspector.

In The Tongue Set Free, the first part of the autobiography of Elias Canetti, the author mentions being haunted by Gotthelf's short story 'The Black Spider' in his early teens. In the novel 2666 by Roberto Bolaño Gotthelf is mentioned as the subject of the novel Bitzius: (...) and in Bitzius, a novel less than one hundred pages long, similar in some ways to Mitzi's Treasure, (...) and that told the story of the life of Albert Bitzius, pastor of Lützelflüh, in the canton of Bern, an author of sermons as well as a writer under the pseudonym Jeremias Gotthelf.